Bio Semester 2

Front 1

whats the correct sequence ofrom the most ot hte least comprehensive of the taxonomic levels

Back 1

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Front 2

nonadaptive

Back 2

when a species doesnt adapt so it dies?? or when it cant adapt

Front 3

homologous

Back 3

same ancestor with similar structures

Front 4

analogous

Back 4

different ancestor but with similar structures

Front 5

polyphletic

Back 5

having multiple ancestors

Front 6

monophyletic

Back 6

having one ancestor

Front 7

what structure is the outermost component of a bacterium

Back 7

peptidoglycan, capsule

Front 8

what is the function of the bacteriums capsule

Back 8

protect cell surafce and glue cell to some surfaces

Front 9

how are protists alike

Back 9

the are all eukaryotes

Front 10

the cholorplasts of modern plants are thought to have been derived according to which sequence

Back 10

endosymbiosis

Front 11

in a prokaryotic gram positive cell the cell wall has....

Back 11

2 layers with a cell membrane adn a thick wall of peptioglycin

Front 12

in a prokariotic gram positive cell the endospore is..

Back 12

formed under harsh environmental conditions to preotect the bacteria for hundreds of years until conditions improve

Front 13

in a prokaryotic gram positive cell the flagellum is..

Back 13

aid in mobility especially when nutrients are limited

Front 14

sex pilus in prokaryotic gram positive cells are

Back 14

allow transfer from one cell to another ( shorter than flagellum and more in number)

Front 15

capsule in a prokaryotic gram posotive cell

Back 15

This layer of polysaccharide (sometimes proteins) protects the bacterial cell and is often associated with pathogenic bacteria because it serves as a barrier against phagocytosis by white blood cells.

Front 16

is word is capitialized and you need to know what taxon level it is, what is it

Back 16

genus (genus is always capitalized)

Front 17

what are some characteristics of peptidoglycan

Back 17

network of polysaccharide molecules linked otgether by protein cross links. cell walls of archea lack it and many species of bacteria have a cell wall composed of it and others have a thin layer with other materials ( gram-negative and gram-positive)

Front 18

what kind of relationship exists between lyme disease and humans

Back 18

spead through bite of infected tick. leison followed by maliase fever fatigue pain stiff neck and headache

Front 19

the largest seaweed belongs to which group

Back 19

Macrocystis pyrifera, brown algae, giant kelp

Front 20

what makes certian red algae appear red

Back 20

the red pigments called phycobilins

Front 21

the largest seaweed belongs to which group

Back 21

Macrocystis pyrifera, brown algae, giant kelp

Front 22

which group of organisms represent the common ancestor of all photosynthetic plastids found in eukaryotes

Back 22

cyanobacteria or blue green algae

Front 23

what is a paramecium

Back 23

ciliate wiht a complex digestive system like a gullet and intake channel for bacteria and food particles. reproduction is by fission

Front 24

in ciliates, the process that produces genetic variation through the exchange of nuclei is..

Back 24

conjugation

Front 25

what are found in angiosperms

Back 25

flowering, pollinated by natural events, ovules enclosed in carpel, mature to become fruit

Front 26

what makes angiosperms so successful

Back 26

use of flowers, pollenation from animals, insect pollinators, pollen grains can be carried passively by the wind

Front 27

the main way pine tress pine trees disperse their offspring

Back 27

through wind blown seeds

Front 28

what does the stamen consist of

Back 28

male parts that produce the pollen. anther at the tip that has the pollen

Front 29

what cahracteristic do green algae hav

Back 29

eukaryotic

Front 30

what characteristic do mosses hav

Back 30

vascular

Front 31

what characteristic do ferns hav

Back 31

seeds

Front 32

what characteristic do gmynosperms hav

Back 32

produce seeds

Front 33

what characteristic does angiosperms hav

Back 33

they have flowers

Front 34

what characteristic do gmynosperms hav

Back 34

produce seeds

Front 35

what distinguishes animal heterotrophy from fungal heterotrophy

Back 35

only animals derive nutrition from ingesting their prey

Front 36

whats the primary role of a mushroom's underground mycelium

Back 36

absorbing nutrients

Front 37

in separate fungi, what structures allow cytoplasmic streaming to distribute needed nutirents, synthesized compounds and organelles throughout the hyphae

Back 37

pores in septal walls

Front 38

what do fungi and anthropods have in common

Back 38

both groups use chitin for the construction of protective coats

Front 39

the symbiotic associations involving roots and soil fungi are considered...

Back 39

symbiotic mycorrihzae

Front 40

the ascomyceyes get their name from which aspect of their life

Back 40

the ascus that is a characteristic sexual reproduction tool where the zygote forms

Front 41

chemicals, secreted by soil fungi, that inhibit the growth of bacteria are known as...

Back 41

antibiotics

Front 42

how are mushrooms and toadstools classfied

Back 42

fungi with gills

Front 43

lichens are symbiotic associations of fungi and ...

Back 43

a photosynthetic partner

Front 44

an evolutionary adaptation that increases exposure of a plant to light in a dense forest is...

Back 44

apical dominance

Front 45

in sac fungi, karyogamy and meiosis occur in

Back 45

ascus or ascocarp

Front 46

which part of the plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil

Back 46

roots, apical meristem

Front 47

the photosynthetic symbiont of a lichen is often a..

Back 47

ascomycetes

Front 48

what does vascular plant tissue include

Back 48

strands of specialized cylindrical or elongated cells that form a network throughout the plant. this includes sieve tube members, sieve plates, tracheids, vessel elements, comapnion cells,

Front 49

a person working with plants may remove apical dominance by doing what

Back 49

pruning

Front 50

one important difference between anatomy of roots and the anatomy of leaves is that...

Back 50

a waxy cuticle covers leaves but is absent in roots

Front 51

what effect does "pinching back" have on a houseplant

Back 51

it produces a plant that will grow fuller

Front 52

in leaves, choloroplasts are found in

Back 52

cytoplasm of cell in the palisade mesophyll

Front 53

wood consists of

Back 53

accumulated secondary xylem, vascular cambium, cork cambium(bark)

Front 54

pores on the leaf surface that function in gas exchange are called...

Back 54

stoma

Front 55

root hairs are most important to a plant because they

Back 55

increase the surface area and absorb the nutrients and water for the rest of the plant

Front 56

whats the order of floral organs from the outside to the inside of a complete flower?

Back 56

sepal, petals, stamen(contains male parts and on top is anther), carpel (contains female parts like ovary style and stigma)

Front 57

what plant hormones are associated with cell division

Back 57

auxin, cytokinins,

Front 58

auxin

Back 58

promotes stem elongation and growth; forms sdventitous roots; inhibits leaf abcission, promotes cell division, induces ethylene production, promotes lateral bud dormacy

Front 59

gibberellins

Back 59

promotes stem elongation, stimulates enzyme production in germinating seeds

Front 60

cytokinins

Back 60

stimulates cell division but only in presence of auxin, promotes choloroplast development; delays leaf aging; promotes bud formation

Front 61

etylene

Back 61

controls leaf, flower, and fruit abscission, promotes fruit ripening

Front 62

abscisic acid

Back 62

controls stomatal closure, some control of seed dormacy, inhibits effects of other hormones

Front 63

etylene

Back 63

controls leaf, flower, and fruit abscission, promotes fruit ripening

Front 64

if you were shipping green bananas to a supermarket thousands of miles away, what chemical would u eliminate from the plants environment

Back 64

ethylene

Front 65

a long day plant will flower if

Back 65

days are longer than nights. the darkness needs to be uninterupted or it doesnt count

Front 66

in order to flower, a short day plant needs to

Back 66

experience a period of darkness longer than the daylight experienced and the darkness must be uninterupted

Front 67

what does the breakdown of chlorophyll in plants reveal

Back 67

phytochromes

Front 68

day neutral plants flower regardless of..

Back 68

exposure to sunlight

Front 69

what is the specific term that refers to seasonal changes in the relative lengths of night and day

Back 69

photoperiod

Front 70

what kind of plant isnt able to self pollinate

Back 70

dioecious