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122 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Olfactory
CN I
Type: sensory (smell)
what is C?
central sulcus
Optic
CN II
Type: sensory (visual)
what is A?
frontal lobe
Oculomotor
CN III
Type: motor (contracts eye muscles to control eye movements; constricts pupil; elevates eyelid)
what is B?
parietal lobe
Trochlear
CN IV
Type: motor (superior oblique eye muscle)
what is C?
occipital lobe
Trigeminal
CN V
Type: sensory (skin of face, oral/nasal/sinus mucosa, teeth) & motor (muscles of mastication)
what is D?
temporal lobe
Abducens
CN VI
Type: motor (lateral rectus eye muscle)
what is A?
cerebral peduncle
Facial
CN VII
Type: sensory (taste/anterior 2/3 of tongue) & motor (facial expressions, salivary glands)
what is B?
thalamus
Acoustic/Vestibulocochlear
CN VIII
Type: sensory (hearing and balance)
what is D?
pituitary gland
Glossopharyngeal
CN IX
Type: sensory (poster 1/3 of tongue, pharynx, gag reflex) & Motor (parotid gland)
what is E?
cerebellar peduncles
Vagus
CN X
Type: sensory (pharynx, larynx, lungs heart, GI tract) & motor (palate, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, heart, GI tract)
what is F?
medulla oblongota
Spinal Accessory
CN XI
Type: motor (SCM,trapezius)
what is C?
infundibulum
Hypoglossal
CN XII
Type: motor (innervates tongue muscle that promotes movement of food & talking)
what is A?
thalamus
what is B?
hypothalamus
what is C?
mamillary bodies
what is D?
cerebellar peduncles
what is E?
optic chiasm
what is F?
optic nerve
what is G?
cerebral peduncle
what is H?
pons
what is G?
corpora quadrigemina
what is J?
optic tract
what is A?
dura mater
what is B?
periosteal dura
what is C?
meningeal layer of dura
what is D?
falx cerebri (there is also falx cerebelli - not pictured)
what is E?
subdural space
what is E?
subdural space
what is F?
arachnoid mater
what is G?
subarachnoid space
what is H?
pia mater
what is J?
epidural space
What is A and the function of it?
lacrimal sac; tears drain into it from the lacrimal canaliculi
what is B and its function?
lacrimal gland; tear producing gland
what is C and its function?
lacrimal duct; ducts that transport tears from the gland to the surface of the eye
what is D and its function?
lacrimal canaliculi; drains tears from the surface of the eye to the lacrimal sac
what is E and its function?
nasolacrimal duct; transports tears from the lacrimal sac into the nasal cavity
what is the fibrous tunic?
the outermost layer of the eye consisting mostly of collagenous connective tissue
what is the vascular tunic?
aka the uvea, it is the middle layer of the eye
what is the nervous tunic?
aka the retina, it is the innermost layer of the eye consisting of three layers of neurons; the layer closest to the uvea contains specialized neuronal cells that are sensitive to visible light
what is A?
the choroid
what is B?
ciliary body
what is C?
the iris
what is D?
the pupil
what is E?
the optic disc
what is F and it's structure?
the macula lutea; high concentration of cone cells0 critical for visual acuity
what is G and its structure?
fovea centralis - central region of the macula lutea; highest concentration of cones and the source of sharpest vision
what is H?
optic nerve
what is J?
lens
what is K?
suspensory ligaments (aka ciliary zonule fibers)
what is L?
vitreous chamber (contains vitreous humor)
what is M?
anterior chamber (contains aqueous humor)
what is N?
cornea
what is P?
the sclera
what is Q?
the retina
what is the function of cones?
photoreceptors responsible for sensing bright light and color
what is the function of rods?
photoreceptors responsible for sensing light in a dim environment
what are constrictor pupillae?
smooth muscle cells arranged in a circle around the pupil - controlled by PNS
what are the dilator pupillae?
radially oriented myoepithelial cells which contract to dilate the pupil
what is the posterior chamber?
it is located between the lens and the iris containing aqueous humor
what are ciliary processes?
projections from the ciliary body covered in epithelium that produce aqueous humor; suspensory ligaments connect the ciliary processes to the lens
what is the innervation and movement of the superior rectus muscle?
CN III - elevate and abduct
what is the innervation and movement of the inferior rectus muscle?
CN III - depress and adduct
what is the innervation and movement of the medial rectus muscle?
CN III - adduct
what is the innervation and movement of the inferior oblique muscle?
CN III - elevate and adduct
what is the innervation and movement of the lateral rectus muscle?
CN VI - abduct
what is the innervation and movement of the superior oblique muscle?
CN IV - depress and medial
what is A?
malleus bone
what is B?
incus bone
what is C?
stapes bone
what is D?
semicircular canals
what is E?
vestibular nerve
what is E?
vestibular nerve
what is F?
cochlear nerve
what is G?
cochlea
what is H?
eustachian tube
what is L?
tympanic membrane
what is M?
external auditory canal
parietal peritoneum
lines the body walls the enclose the abdominal cavity
visceral peritoneum
wraps around various organs within the abdominal cavity
peritoneal cavity
potential space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum filled with serous fluid
intraperitoneal
organs that are suspended by mesenteries
retroperitoneal
organs that are not surrounded/suspended by mesenteries
greater omentum
mesentery that descends from the greater curvature of the stomach and drapes over central surface of most digestive organs - attaches to the transverse colon
lesser omentum
continuation of the visceral peritoneum that connects to inferior side of the liver with the lesser curvature of the stomach
falciform ligament
suspends liver from the diaphragm and anterior body wall
three types of salivary glands
parotid, submandibular, sublingual
cardia
small region of stomach that joins with distal esophagus
fundus
dome-shaped region just inferior to diaphragm
body
largest portion of the stomach
pyloric region
distal end of stomach (pyloric antrum narrows to form canal)
caudate lobe
of liver - superior
quadrate lobe
of liver - inferior
round ligament
inferior continuation of falciform ligament
common hepatic duct
combination of left/right hepatic ducts exiting from liver; joins the cystic duct
porta hepatis
exit point of common hepatic duct from liver
cystic duct
bile duct from gallbladder - joins with the common hepatic duct
common bile duct
combination of common hepatic and cystic duct
hepatopancreatic ampulla
joining of common bile and pancreatic ducts which enters the duodenum
hepatopancreatic sphincter
entry point of hepatopancreatic ampulla into duodenum
three portions of the small intenstine (proximal to distal)
duodenum --> jejunum --> ileum (DJI)
plicae circulares
"circular folds" - visible circular ridges along the wall of the SI
cecum
first part of large intestine
segments and bends of the large intestine (proximal to distal)
cecum --> ascending --> hepatic flexure --> transverse --> splenic flexure --> descending --> sigmoid colon --> rectum --> anal canal --> anus
teniae coli
longitudinal muscle running the lnegth of the large intestine
haustra
pouches formed along the length of the large intestine
four major layers of the GI tract (innermost to outermost)
mucose --> submucosa --> muscularis externa --> serosa or adventitia
parietal cell
pink staining cytoplasm with central nucleus; pump H+ into lumen
chief cell
purplish-blue cytoplasm; produce pepsinogen
paneth cell
cells lining the base of intestinal glands that produce antibacterial secretions; many bright pink secretory vesicles
enteroendocrine cells
intestinal cells that produce hormones secreted into underlying lamina propria