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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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molecule
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2 or more atoms joined together by bonds
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molarity
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moles per liter
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when outer electron shells are not full.......what happens? 3 things PBB
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1.producing full outer electron shell
2. balancing protons and electrons 3.bonding with other atoms |
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covalent bonding
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"sharing" ex. O2
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ionic bonding
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chemical bond formed between atoms by the transfer of one or more electrons from one to another
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cohesion
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sticky mlc's causes stability through Hydrogen bonding
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ph formula
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-log10[H+]
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Acids
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give off protons (reduce PH)
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bases
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bind with protons (increase pH)
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buffers
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resist pH change
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dehydration synthesis
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extracting/creating a water mlc
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hydrolysis
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addition of water to reconstitute
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types of carbs: monosaccharides (example?)
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"one sugar" end in -ose ex.glucose
*short term energy (glucose and fructose) |
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types of carbs: disaccharides (examples)
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"2 sugars" short term energy
(SUCROSE:glucose+fructose) |
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types of carbs: polysaccharides (examples?)
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"many sugars"
*long term energy (animals-glycogen) (plants-starch) |
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proteins are.....joined by.......all of this together is called a ........
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amino acids........dehydration synthesis...peptide bond
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water is a good......(what 4 things)
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1) good solvent
2)high heat capacity 3)high heat of vaporization 4)reactive |
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what does the primary structure of a protein do?
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its just the sequence of amino acids in peptide chain
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secondary level in peptide chain
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when a few atoms bend in upon themselves
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types of secondary peptide chains
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1)alpha helix (like a coil)
2)beta pleated sheet (primary chains linked side by side with H+ bonds |
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tertiary peptide chain
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when alpha and beta chains fold in on one another (ball like)
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quaternary
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when 2 entire peptide chains form a complex protein.
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globular proteins are......(3 things)
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1)water soluble
2)chemically active 3)very functional |
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when a protein loses its shape and function it is called what?
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denatured
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globular proteins are......that can act as ......
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enzymes, catalysts
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what do catalysts do?
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they regulate and quicken reactions but are not used by or destroyed
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what is the main function of a carb
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to provide the body with cellular fuel
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carbs are made of (3 things)
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carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
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polysaccharides are ideal for what?
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storage, because they are so big
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lipids...polar or non-polar?
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non-polar
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a neutral lipid that joins together by dehydration synthesis?
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triglycerides
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triglycerides contain (2 things)
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glycerol and fatty acids
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fatty acid tails are (2 things) has to do with water
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-hydrophobic and non-polar
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Lipids:straight fatty acid tails are (3 things)
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-Fat
-Saturated -single bond |
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lipids:kinked fatty acid tails
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-oil
-double bonded |
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electrons determine the ? behavior of an element
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chemical
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isotopes
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the # of neutrons
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atomic weight
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average weight of an element
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most important shell in an electron
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valence shell otter most
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"boos"t movement from one shell to another does what with energy
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absorbs!
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"drop" movement from one shell to another does what with energy
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releases energy
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inorganic compounds have no what?
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carbon
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phospholipids? contains? why important?
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phosphate group of glycerol connected to fatty acid tails. important to cell structure/membrane
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