Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
PA Erect Chest |
kV: 120 mAs: 5 SID: 72" CR: Center to MSP at T7 or subscapular margin Breathing: Expose at 2nd inspiration peak Collimation/IR: 14x17" portrait, unless broad chested requires landscape. Top of IR 2" above shoulders. Top of collimation to T7 and sides to lateral skin borders. Portrait unless broad PT Positioning: Erect, facing wall bucky. Backs of hands on hips. Shoulders rolled forward. Shield: 1/2 lead worn on posterior at iliac crest. |
|
|
Lateral Chest |
kV: 125 mAs: 10 SID: 72 CR: Center to MCP at T7 or subscapular margin Breathing: Expose at 2nd inspiration peak Collimation/IR: 14x17" portrait. Top of IR 2" above shoulders. Top of collimation to T7 and sides to lateral skin borders. Positioning: Erect, left side against wall bucky. Arms raised, hands grasping chest bar. Shield: 1/2 lead worn on right side at iliac crest. |
|
|
AP Erect Abdomen |
kV: 80 mAs: 40 SID: 40 CR: Center to MSP at level 2" above iliac crest Breathing: Expose at end of 1st expiration Positioning: Erect with back against wall bucky, arms slightly abducted out of collimation field Collimation/IR: 14"x17" Collimate to 1" outside skin borders on side of smaller PT. Collimate upper border to include diaphragm Shield: None |
|
|
KUB - Supine Abdomen |
kV: 80
mAs: 32 SID: 40 CR: Center to MSP at level of iliac crests Breathing: Expose at end of 1st expiration Collimation/IR: 14"x17" Collimate to 1" outside skin borders on sides of smaller PT. Ensure upper margin of pubic symphysis is included in lower collimation. Position: Supine with arms at sides, abducted just out of collimation field. Shield: 1/2 lead at lower collimation margin without blocking anatomy of interest. |
|
|
AP Pelvis |
kV: 80 mAs: 25 SID: 40 CR: Center to MSP at level 2" inferior to ASIS. Midway between ASIS and symphysis pubis. Breathing: At end of 1st expiration Collimation/IR: 14x17" IR landscape with upper border 1" above iliac crests. Position: Supine with equal ASIS-Table distance on each side. Medially rotate feet and lower limbs 15-20 degrees placing femoral necks parallel to IR. Shield: Gonadal shielding if does not obscure essential anatomy. 1/2 lead over legs at inferior collimation margin. |
|
|
AP Frogleg Pelvis |
kV: 80 mAs: 25 SID: 40 CR: Center to MSP at level 2" inferior to ASIS. Midway between ASIS and symphysis pubis. Breathing: At end of 1st expiration Collimation/IR: 14x17: IR landscape with upper border 1" above iliac crests. Position: Supine with equal ASIS-Table distance on each side. Draw feet towards body abducting knees/thighs to 45 degrees from vertical placing sold of feet together. Shield: Gonadal shielding if does not obscure essential anatomy. |
|
|
PA Digits (2-5) |
kV: 55 mAs: 2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to PIP Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR collimated 1" distal to distal phalanx, 1" proximal affected MCP joint. Include 1 digit on each side. Position: Extended with palmar surface down in center of IR. Long axis aligned parallel with long axis of IR. Shield: Full lead |
|
|
PA Oblique Digits (2-5) |
kV: 55
mAs: 2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to PIP Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR collimated 1" distal to distal phalanx, 1" proximal affected MCP joint. Position: Extended with palmar surface resting on 45 degree sponge. Long axis aligned parallel with long axis of IR. Digit separated from others to prevent soft tissue overlap. Shield: Full lead |
|
|
Lateral Digits (2-5) |
kV: 55
mAs: 2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to PIP Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR collimated 1" distal to distal phalanx, 1" proximal affected MCP. Position: 2nd-3rd Digit extended with lateral surface in contact with IR (mediolateral projection) 3rd-5th digit extended with medial surface in contact with IR (lateromedial projection) Note: 3rd position based on mobility of PT Shield: Full lead |
|
|
AP Thumb |
kV: 55
mAs: 2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to MCP Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR. All other digits pulled out of collimation. Collimate 1" on all sides including 1" proximal to CMC joint. Position: Hand in extreme internal rotation. Posterior thumb surface in contact with IR. Shield: Full lead |
|
|
PA Oblique Thumb |
kV: 55
mAs: 2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to MCP Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR collimated 1" on all sides including 1" proximal to CMC joint. Position: Palmar surface on IR. Slight ulnar deviation. Thumb parallel with IR long axis and at 45 degree rotation (natural position when palm down.) Shield: Full lead |
|
|
Lateral Thumb |
kV: 55
mAs: 2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to MCP Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR collimated 1" on all sides including 1" proximal to CMC joint. Position: Palmar surface on IR. Slight flexion of 2-5 causing thumb to rotate until lateral surface is on IR (mediolateral projection). Shield: Full lead |
|
|
PA Hand |
kV: 60
mAs: 2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to 3rd MCP Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR collimated. 1" on all sides including 1" proximal to ulnar syloid. Position: Palmar surface down on IR with 3rd MCP centered to middle of IR. Digits extended and slightly separated to prevent soft tissue overlap. No rotation in digits. Shield: Full lead |
|
|
PA Oblique Hand |
kV: 60
mAs: 2.5 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to 3rd MCP Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR collimated 1" on all sides including 1" proximal to ulnar syloid. Position: Palmar surface down on IR with 3rd MCP centered to middle of IR. Palm rotated away 45 degrees from IR with thumb side up. Spread and support digts on sponge with as little overlap as possible. Shield: Full lead |
|
|
Extension Lateral Hand |
kV: 60
mAs: 3.2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to 2nd MCP joint. Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR collimated 1" on all sides including 1" proximal to ulnar syloid. Position: Forearm on table. Medial hand surface on center of IR. Radial and ulnar styloids superimposed and perpendicular to IR. MCP joints centered to IR Shield: Full lead |
|
|
Fan Lateral Hand |
kV: 60
mAs: 3.2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to 2nd MCP joint. Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR collimated 1" on all sides including 1" proximal to ulnar syloid. Position: Forearm on table. Medial hand surface on center of IR. Digits positioned out of superimposition supported by stair sponge. Shield: Full lead |
|
|
PA Wrist |
kV: 60
mAs: 2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to midcarpal. Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR collimated to wrist on all 4 sides to include distal radius/ulna and midmetacarpals. Position: Entire upper limb on table in same plane. Elbow flexed 90 degrees. Flex digits slightly to decrease wrist OID. Styloids equidistant from IR. Shield: Full lead |
|
|
PA Oblique Wrist |
kV: 60
mAs: 2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to midcarpal. Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR collimated to wrist on all 4 sides to include distal radius/ulna and midmetacarpals. Position: Entire upper limb on table in same plane. Elbow flexed 90 degrees. Styloids and palmar surface at 45 degrees from IR. Shield: Full lead |
|
|
Lateral Wrist |
kV: 60
mAs: 2.5 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to midcarpal Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR collimated to wrist on all 4 sides to include distal radius/ulna and midmetacarpals. Position: Entire upper limb on table in same plane. Elbow flexed 90 degrees. Forearm/wrist resting on medial surface (lateromedial projection). Radial/ulnar styloids superimposed and perpendicular to IR Shield: Full lead |
|
|
PA Axial - Ulnar Deviation (Scaphoid) |
kV: 60 mAs: 2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to scaphoid. Colimation/IR: 10X12" IR collimated to wrist on all 4 sides to include distal radius/ulna and midmetacarpals. Position: Upper limb in same plane on table, elbow 90 degrees. Wrist in center of IR. Deviate hand toward ulna and if necessary, flex digits slightly to decrease wrist OID. Shield: Full lead |
|
|
PA Axial - Modified Stecher (Scaphoid) |
kV: 60
mAs: 2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to scaphoid. Colimation/IR: 10x12" collimated closely to all four sides of carpal region including proximal metacarpal and distal radius/ulna. Position: Upper limb on table in same plane. Wrist in center of IR. Place 20 degree sponge under palmar surface elevating distal hand whild leaving wrist in contact with IR. Shield: Full lead |
|
|
Tangenital Carpal Tunnel - Gaynor-Hart Method |
kV: 60 mAs: 2.5 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to midcarpal Colimation/IR: 10x12" collimated to carpals on all 4 sides to include distal radius/ulna and proximal metacarpals. Position: Shield: Full lead |
|
|
AP Forearm |
kV: 60
mAs: 3.2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to mid-forearm Colimation/IR: 14x17" IR collimated to skin borders and carpals to distal humerus included. Position: Entire upper limb same plane. Elbow extended w/ hand supinated. Humeral epicondyles parallel with IR Shield: Full lead |
|
|
Lateral Forearm |
kV: 60
mAs: 4 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to mid-forearm Colimation/IR: 14x17" IR collimated to skin borders and carpals to distal humerus included. Position: Entire upper limb same plane. Elbow flexed 90 degrees. Ulnar/radial styloid superimposed. Shield: Full lead |
|
|
AP Elbow |
kV: 60
mAs: 3.2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to mid-elbow joint. Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR collimated all 4 borders to include soft tissue margins. Position: Entire upper limb in same plane and extended with posterior in contact with IR and hand supinated. Humeral epicondyles parallel with IR. Shield: Full lead |
|
|
AP Elbow - Partial Flexion |
kV: 60
mAs: 3.2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to mid-elbow joint. Colimation/IR: 10x12" collimated entire elbow including skin margins Position: Take two AP projections. One with forearm parallel to IR and one with humerus parallel to IR Shield: Full lead |
|
|
Lateral Elbow |
kV: 60
mAs: 4 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to mid-elbow Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR collimated to skin borders and carpals to distal humerus included. Position: Entire limb in same plane. Elbow flexed 90 degrees and placed in center of IR. Forearm resting on ulnar surface. Wrist in true lateral. hield: Full lead |
|
|
AP Oblique Elbow - Medial Rotation |
kV: 60
mAs: 3.2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to mid-forearm Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR collimated all four sides to area of interest. Position: Entire limb in same plane with elbow extended. Elbow centered in middle of IR. Pronate hand medially (internally), rotating elbow to place anterior side 45 degrees from IR Shield: Full lead |
|
|
AP Oblique Elbow - Lateral Rotation |
kV: 60
mAs: 3.2 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to mid-forearm Colimation/IR: 10x12" IR collimated all four sides to area of interest. Position: Entire limb in same plane with elbow extended. Elbow centered in middle of IR. Supinate hand laterally (externally), rotating elbow to place anterior side 45 degrees from IR. 1st and 2nd digits will touch table with sufficient rotation. Shield: Full lead |
|
|
AP Humerus |
kV: 70
mAs: 10 SID: 40" CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to mid-humerus Breathing: Expose on expiration Colimation/IR: 14x17" IR with collimation angled to match long axis of humerus. Collimate to skin margins on side and include entire humeral head and elbow joint. Position: Place top of IR 1 1/2" above humeral head. Slightly abduct humerus from body and supinate hand. Humeral head and humeral epicondyles should be in same plane (use sponge behind elbow if needed). Epicondyles should be parallel to IR Shield: Full lead |
|
|
Lateral Humerus |
SID: 40"
CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered to mid-humerus Breathing: Expose on expiration Colimation/IR: 14x17" IR collimation angled to match long axis of humerus. Collimate to skin margins on side and include entire humeral head and elbow joint. Position: Place top of IR 1 1/2" above humeral head. Internally roate humerus w/ elbow flexed 90 degrees if possible and back of hand rested on hip. Humeral head and humeral epicondyles should be in same plane (use sponge behind elbow if needed). Epicondyles should be parallel to IR. Shield: Full lead |
|
|
Transthoracic Humerus |
*Note: Use breathing technique kV: 80mA: 10 Sec: 2.5 SID: 40 CR: Perpendicular to IR centered to mid humerus. Colimation/IR: Collimate to soft tissues at sides and include entire humerus w/ both joints. Breathing: Breathing technique Position: PT erect or supine with affected limb centered on IR. Align IR to PT and then marry tube to IR. Raise unaffected arm overhead. Shield: Half Lead |
|
|
AP Shoulder - Internal, External, Neutral |
kV: 70 mAs: 12 SID: 40 CR: Perpendicular to IR. Centered 2" distal to mid-clavicle. Breathing: Expose on expiration Colimation/IR: Landscape. Collimate to soft tissue margins. Include proximal humerus, lateral 2/3 of clavicle and upper. Position: Erect or supine placing affected shoulder against IR. Internal: Arm slightly abducted and palm supinated to place humeral epicondyles parallel to IR. Greater tubercle placed in profile. External: Arm rotated medially with back of hand placed on hip and humeral epicondyles perpendicular to IR. Lesser tubercle in profile. Neutral: Arm placed at side naturally. Greater/lesser tubercles superimposed over humeral head. Shield: Half lead |
|
|
AP Oblique Shoulder - Grashey Method |
kV: 70
mAs: 12 SID: 40 CR: Perpendicular to glenoid cavity. Enters 2" medial and inferior to superolateral border of shoulder Breathing: Expose on expiration Colimation/IR: 8"x10" Landscape Position: Posterior oblique with affected side against IR. Rotate unaffected side 35-45 degrees away from IR until scapula of affected side is parallel to IR. Center midscapulohumeral joint to IR. Place palm, of affected side, on abdomen. Shield: Half lead |
|
|
Scapular Y Lateral |
kV: 80 mAs: 20 SID: 40 CR: Perpendicular to scapulohumeral joint. 2-2 1/2" distal top of shoulder. Center CR to mid-medial border. Breathing: Expose on expiration Colimation/IR: Portrait 10x12" IR w/ top of IR about 2" above shoulder. Position: Anterior oblique with affected shoulder against IR. Rotate unaffected side 45-60 degrees away from IR until line between superior angle of scapula and AC joint is perpendicular to IR. Shield: Half lead |
|
|
Transthoracic Lateral Shoulder |
kV: 80 mA:10 Sec: 2.5 SID: 40 CR: CR perpendicular to IR centered to surgical neck. Breathing: Breathing technique Colimation/IR: Portrait 10x12. Center IR to surgical neck on affected side, then marry tube to IR. Collimate to area of interest. Position: Erect or supine with affected side towards IR, body true lateral with CR passing through MCP. Unaffected arm raised to prevent superimposition Shield: Half lead |
|
|
Inferosuperior Axial - Lawrence |
kV: 75 mAs: 12 SID: 40-42" CR: Directed medially 30°, centered horizontally to axilla and humeral head. Breathing: Expose on expiration Colimation/IR: 10x12 gridded IR. Part position will not be centered on IR. Ensure IR and collimation box are parallel. Position: Supine with shoulder raised approx 2". Arm 90° from body, supported by decub sponge and IR tray. Rotate head towards unaffected side. IR placed perpendicular to body as close to neck as possible. Shield: Half lead |
|
|
AP AC Joint - w/ and w/o weights |
kV: 80 mAs: 20 SID: 72" to reduce magnification CR: Perpendicular to IR, centered to midpoint between AC joints, approx 1" above jugular notch. Note: Height will change based on PT clavicular angle. Breathing: Expose on expiration Colimation/IR: 14x17 landscape, collimated to sides of IR. Collimation height narrowed to anatomy of interest. Position: Erect with posterior against IR. 2 images taken, w/ and w/o weights on wrists. Shield: Half lead |
|
|
AP Clavicle |
kV: 70 mAs: 12 SID: 40 CR: CR perpendictular to IR, centered to midclavicle. Breathing: Expose on expiration. Colimation/IR: 10x12" landscape. Collimate to entire clavicle, including AC and SC joints. Position: Erect or supine with arms at sides, and chin raised. Posterior in contact with IR or tabletop. Mid-clavicle centered to IR and CR. Shield: Half-lead |
|
|
AP Axial Clavicle |
kV: 70 mAs: 12 SID: 40 CR: CR angle 15-30° cephalad (thin PT require greater angle than larger), centered to midclavicle. NOTE: Palpate clavicle at peak of inspiration for CR centering. Breathing: Expose at peak of inspiration. Colimation/IR: 10x12" landscape. Collimate to entire clavicle, including AC and SC joints. Position: Erect or supine, with arms at sides, and chin raised. IR center will be higher than clavicle depending on angulation used. Shield: Half lead |
|
|
AP Scapula |
kV: 75 mA: 10 Sec: 2 SID: 40 CR: 10x12" portrait, CR perpendicular to IR, 2" inferior to coracoid process and 2" medial from lateral border of patient Breathing: Breathing technique Colimation/IR: 10x12" portrait. Top of IR should be about 2" above shoulder and lateral IR border about 2" from lateral rib margin. Position: Erect or supine with midscapular body centered to CR and IR. Affected arm abducted 90°, hand supinated. (Abduction moves scapula laterally and clear of most thoracic structures.) Shield: Half lead |
|
|
Lateral Scapula for Scapular Body |
kV:80 mAs: 20 SID: 40 CR: CR centered to midvertebral border of scapula. Breathing: Expose on Expiration Colimation/IR: 10x12" portrait, collimated to include entire scapula from AC joint to inferior angle. Position:Erect with PT positioned affected side anterior oblique as with scapular Y for shoulder. Affected arm reaching across front of body and grasping opposite shoulder so humerus is not superimposed over body of scapula. Shield: Half lead |
|
|
Lateral Scapula for Acromion and Corocoid Process |
kV: 80
mAs: 20 SID: 40 CR: CR centered to midvertebral border of scapula. Colimation/IR: 10x12" portrait, collimated to include entire scapula from AC joint to inferior angle. Position: Erect with PT positioned affected side anterior oblique as with scapular Y for shoulder. Abduct arm slightly and place dorsal surface of hand on back to move the humeral head inferiorly away from acromion and corocoid process. Shield: Half Lead |
