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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The shoulder girdle consists of ________, and ________. |
Clavicle, scapula. *Note: Workbook includes proximal humerus. Text and powerpoint only include clavicle and scapula. |
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What shoulder landmark is presented an AP projection with external rotation? |
Greater tubercle in profile. |
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What shoulder landmark is presented an AP projection with internal rotation?
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Lesser tubercle in profile. |
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Name the three parts of the clavicle from medial to lateral. |
Sternal extremity, body and acromial extremity. |
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Name the three angles of the scapula. |
Lateral, superior and inferior. |
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What is the anterior surface of the scapula called? |
Costal surface. |
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Name the two fossae located on the posterior scapula. |
Infraspinous and supraspinous. |
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What movement type does the scapulohumeral joint allow? |
Spheroidal |
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What movement type does the sternoclavicular joint allow? |
Plane |
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What movement type does the acromioclavicular joint allow? |
Plane |
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Where are the greater and lesser tubercles located? |
Proximal humerus |
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Where is the corocoid process located? |
Anterior scapula |
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Where is the acromial extremity? |
Lateral scapula |
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Where is the intertubercular groove? |
Between greater and lesser tubercles on the proximal humerus. |
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Where do most fractures of the humerus occur? |
Surgical neck |
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How should the humeral epicondyles appear in relation to the IR for an AP humerus with internal rotation? |
Perpendicular |
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At what angle should the arm be placed for an inferosuperior axial projection of the shoulder? |
90 degrees |
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True/False: A grid is not required for a shoulder study measuring less than 10cm. |
True |
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What kV range (analog) should be used for shoulder studies on an average adult? |
70-80 kV |
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True/False: Large focal spot setting should be used for most adult shoulder studies. |
False |
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If physical immobilization is required, which individual should be asked to restrain a child? |
Parent or guardian |
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True/False: MRI is an excellent modality for demonstrating bony injuries of the shoulder girdle. |
False. MRI is preferred for rotator cuff injuries. |
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What is required for CT arthrography of the shoulder? |
Iodinated contrast media injected into joint space. |
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Is radiography more or less sensitive than nuclear medicine or demonstrating physiologic aspects of the shoulder girdle? |
Less sensitive |
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What are the clinical indications of an acromioclavicular joint dislocation? |
Superior displacement of the distal clavicle. |
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What is a Bankart lesion? |
An injury of the anteroinferior glenoid labrum. |
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What condition results in atrophy of skeletal tissue? |
Osteoporosis |
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What change in manual exposure factors must be made with the presence of osteoporosis? |
Decrease |
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Subacromial spurs present radiographically with which pathology? |
Impingement syndrome |
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What is bursitis? |
Fluid-filled joint space |
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What pathology appears as abnormal widening of acromioclavicular joint space? |
Acromioclavicular joint separation |
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What pathology appears radiographically as calcified tendons? |
Tendonitis |
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What projections are routinely taken for a non-trauma shoulder and proximal humerus? |
AP Shoulder w/ Internal Rotation AP Shoulder w/ External Rotation |
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Where is the CR placed for an AP Shoulder? |
1" distal to the corocoid process. |
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What lateral projection is taken to demonstrate the entire humerus with midhumeral fracture? |
Transthoracic Lateral Humerus |
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What additional positioning technique can be added to a inferosuperior axial projection to demonstrate a possible Hill-Sachs defect? |
Rotate affected arm externally approximately 45° |
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What projection presents the glenoid process in profile? |
AP Oblique Shoulder - Grashey Method |
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What projection produces a tangential projection of the intertubercular groove? |
Fisk Modification |
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A scapular Y projection demonstrates what? |
Possible dislocation of proximal humerus. |
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What is the CR angle for the inferosuperior axial projection - Clements method, if the patient cannot fully abduct the arm 90°? |
5-15° toward axilla |
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What position is the affected arm placed in for a transthoracic lateral projection? |
Neutral |
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What two landmarks are placed perpendicular to the IR for the scapular Y lateral? |
Superior scapular angle and acromioclavicular articulation. |
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Weight bearing acromioclavicular joint study is contraindicated in what situation? |
Suspected clavicular fracture. |
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What is the CR centering for the AP scapula projection? |
2" inferior to corocoid process |
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What degree of cephalad angle is required for a lateral scapula projection? |
0° |
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True/false: Females have a greater clavicular curve than males. |
False |
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What is another name for the projection of the AP acromioclavicular joint? |
Pearson Method |
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What are the essential projections for the clavicle? |
AP and AP Axial |
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What are the breathing instructions given for the AP and AP axial clavicle projections? |
AP - Hold on expiration AP Axial - Hold on inspiration |
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What are the articulations of the shoulder girdle? |
- Glenohumeral joint between the scapula and humeral head. - Acromioclavicular (AC) joint between the scapula and clavicle. - Sternoclavicular joint between the clavicle and the manubrium of the sternum. |
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True/false: Transthoracic lateral projection requires the use of high mA with a short exposure time. |
False. Low mA with long exposure time to blur other anatomical structures that would normally be superimposed over anatomy of interest. |
