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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a hearing aid comprised of?
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1. microphone 2. amplifier 3. receiver 4. battery |
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What is a cochlear implant comprised of?
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1. External parts include: microphone, a speech processor, and a transmitter 2. Implanted parts include: receiver and electrodes |
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What is auditory training?
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Therapy program which trains children and adults with hearing impairment to use residual hearing to achieve their maximum communication potential. |
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What are four methods of auditory training?
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1. analytic = breaks speech into smaller parts--phoneme, syllable and incorporates them separately into auditory training exercises that emphasize same or different discrimination of vowel consonant phonemes in syllables or words. 2. synthetic: global approach to speech perception, stresses use of clues derived from the syntax and context of a spoken message to derive understanding. Training employs use of meaningful stimuli (words, phrases, sentences) and practicing sentence perception based on prior information about context 3. Pragmatic: Trains listener to control communication variables such as level of speech, signal to noise ratio, and context or complexity. 4. Eclectic training is a combination of all three analytic, synthetic and pragmatic methods of auditory training. |
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What are three general auditory training approaches?
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1. Natural conversational approach 2. moderately structured approach 3. Practice on specific tasks |
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What is the DASL II auditory training curriculum?
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Highly structured auditory training curriculum that focuses on sound awareness, phonetic listening and auditory comprehension. Can be used with any age but mostly used with preschool and school age children. |
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What are four variables that affect the speechreading process?
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1. the speaker (speech reading performance improves when speaker is familiar to receiver) 2. the signal code (acoustic information that is received and interpreted through normal auditory means) 3. environment (distance and viewing angles between speaker and receiver) 4. speechreader (age, gender, visual acuity, personality traits visual skills, and intelligence) |
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What is communication training?
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Communication training involves teaching persons with hearing impairment the role of communication strategies and pragmatics to facilitate successful communication. |
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What are some examples of repair strategies in communication training?
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> Asking speaker to repeat all or part of message > Asking the speaker to rephrase or simplify the message > Asking a follow-up question to confirm the content or elaborate on it. |
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What are some examples of anticipatory strategies in communication training?
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> Minimizing the distance from the speaker > Optimizing the hearing aid volume setting > Reducting the level of competing signals > Using situational cues to anticipate topics and words |
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What is speech tracking?
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> Exercise used in communication training therapy to give person with hearing impairment practice utilizing communication repair strategies. > listener repeats a phrase or sentence presented by a clinician in an auditory only condition > listener must use repair strategies to assist them in repeating message with 100% accuracy. |
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What are the five basic oral components of communication?
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1. speaker 2. message 3. listener 4. feedback to speaker 5. communication environment |
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What is the rate of normal speech?
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15 phonemes per second
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What type of speech is easiest for the speech reader to understand?
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slightly slower to normal speech rate that is accompanied by precise non exaggerated articulation. |
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What ways can the speaker enhance conversational efficiency?
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complementing speech with appropriate facial expression and gestures |
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What is a viseme?
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group of phonemes in which each looks alike when spoken. /p/ /b/ and /m/ |
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What is a homophene?
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words that look alike when spoken even though they sound different. They look and sound the same but are spelled differently (e.g. pet, bed, men) |
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In regards to speechreading what would be considered ideal viewing conditions? |
Optimal distance, viewing angle, speech rate and unobstructed, well lighted view of the speaker without auditory or visual distractions. |
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What is the percentage of speech that is visable under ideal conditions? |
33% with ideal conditions 10-25% with usual (everyday) conditions |
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What does redundancy in connected discourse determine?
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Redundancy determines the predictability of a spoken message. The more redundancy present, the easier speechreading will be. |
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What is the optimal viewing angle and distance for a speechreading?
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0-45 degree angle 5-10 ft from speaker |
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What are some variables that influence speech reading and auditory assessment by raising and lowering scores?
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vocabulary level context response format |
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What does vision only refer to?
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attempting to perceive speech through visual cues without voice.
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What does an analytic speech reading approach entail?
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teaches the speachreader to visually perceive a phrase, sentence, or word's basic parts. Visually perceive the details found in speech |
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What does a synthetic speechreading approach entail?
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Emphasizes the perception of the whole is paramount regardless of which of it's parts is perceived visually. Involves grasping the general thought of the speaker through intuitive thinking. |
