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113 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where did fdr and churchill meet in north africa? |
Casablanca |
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What did they agree upon here? |
To fight until the axis powers surrendered unconditionally |
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Who was fdr's milotary cheif of staff |
General george marshall |
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Who did fdr place in charge of the normandy invasion |
General Dwight Eisenhower |
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What invasion preceded the normandy invasion? |
North africa (operation torch) |
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Where did the allied forces defeat the German erwin rommel ("the desert fox") in north africa? |
He ordered the invasion of the Soviet Union |
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At what soviet battle were german forces defeated which marked the end of the german offensive war? |
Stalingrad |
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Where did us troops go to following the victory in north africa |
Italy |
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What was the us strategy in the pacific? |
Island hopping (tske key island under japanese control) |
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What naval commander attempted to carry out this island hopping campaign |
Chester nimitz |
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What was to be the final culmination of this island hoppong strategy |
An invasion of the mainland of japan |
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What pacific battle proved to be the turning point of the pacific theatre |
Battle of midway (june 1942) |
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What allowed us forces to have a distinct advantage |
The us intercepted and decoded japanese plans |
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What devastated japanese forces during this campaign |
The us sank 4 Japanese aircraft carriers |
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What impact did the war have upon the us economy |
It ended the depression (scores of jobs were created) |
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What caused many people to move during the war? |
They moved to where defense factories were located - many to the south (sunbelt) |
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What factory poster highlighted the work of women? |
"Rosie the Riveter" |
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What was Henry Fords giant factory that produced bombers? |
The willow run factory |
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Who contructed huge shipyards during the war |
Henry kaiser |
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What was the record number of days that it took to produce one ship? |
4 days |
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What government agency was headed by donald nelson and regulated production of wartime goods (as well as encouraged rationing) ? |
The WPB - war production board |
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What government agency tried to control inflation by controlling prices? |
The Office of Price Administration |
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Why was rationing encouraged |
To conserve products for the war and troops |
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What two techniques were used to finance the war |
Bonds and taxes |
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Because so many people moved to where the jobs were, what social problems were created? |
Housing shortages, over crowdedness. Divorce ratings increard, baby boom caused shortage in daycares, schools and teachers. |
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How did the war influence women |
Many women entered the workplace |
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What percentage of the workforce consisted of women during the war |
36% |
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What opportunities were there for women in the military |
•WAC's - Women Auxiliary Corp •WAVES - Women Appointed for Voluntary Emergency Services •WAFS - Womens Auxiliary Ferrying Squadron (pilots) |
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during the war was the military segregated |
Yes |
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Did many black americans serve in the war? |
Yes - over 1 million served but a small percentage saw active combat |
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What eere the majority of black soilders used for? |
Service tasks or contruction jobs |
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What was the black squadron that trained in alabama? |
tuskegee airmen |
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How many of these pilots flew overseas |
445 out if the 992 (150 were killed) |
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What was censored military mail called |
Victory mail or v mail |
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What was the name of japanese-american women used fir propaganda on the radio? |
Tokyo rose |
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Did any german subs rvrt come close to the us |
Yes - many patrolled off the east coast; over 400 american ships were sunk in the atlantic |
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Did any germand ever cone ashore on us soil? |
yes- in 1942, eight getman saboteurs were captured near jacksonville and in new york |
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What did the us do with them? |
Six were executed and 2 were imprisoned |
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What black union leader threatened to lead a huge march to washingtion to end the discrimination in industry, government and military? |
A. Phillip Randolph |
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What is randolph considered |
The father of civil rights |
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Who ser up the meeting between fdr and randolph |
Eleanor roosevelt |
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Did randolph go through with the planned march? |
No |
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Why? |
Fdr compromised by issuing and executive order creating the Fair Employment Practices Committee |
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What did this committee do? |
Banned racisl discrimination un war industries |
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What black organization was more militant than the NAACP |
CORE - 1942 |
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What does CORE stand for? |
Congress Of Racial Equality |
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Did the number of black workers increase in federal jobs? |
Yes - fron about 60,000 in 1941 to over 500,000 in 1945 |
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Where did many black workers move from for defense jobs |
from the south to the north |
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What resulted because of this |
Competition over jobs and housing led to race riots in Detroit and Harlem |
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What was the double v popularized by black troops |
One victory over fascism overseas in another victory over racism at home |
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What racial problem occurred in Los Angeles in 1943 |
the Zoot Suit Riot |
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who did this involve |
White Sailors in Mexican Americans |
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What did the city of La do to end the tension |
They banned the wearing of zoot suits |
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Did any Native Americans fight in the war |
about 25,000 |
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What did some of these work as |
code-breakers |
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What executive order by FDR created internment camps |
9066 - February 1942 |
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How many Japanese-Americans were interned |
Over 120,000 |
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What happened to their homes and businesses |
Summer sold at very low prices others were lost to foreclosure |
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What Supreme Court decision Justified 9066 |
Korematsu versus the United States |
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why |
Protection against spying outweighs individual rights |
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How could in turn he's gained their release from these camps |
By pledging loyalty and finding a job away from the West Coast |
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What did 5000 Japanese Americans do during this time |
They renounce their US citizenship and returned to Japan |
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What did Congress do in 1988 for the surviving internees |
They were paid $20,000 per person |
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Who did FDR defeat in the election of 1944 |
Thomas Dewey |
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Who did FDR pick as his new VP |
Harry Truman - Missouri |
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what number election was this for FDR |
Fourth |
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Where did FDR and Churchill meet in North Africa in 1943 |
Casablanca Morocco |
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who were the big three |
FDR Churchill and Stalin |
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Where did the big three meet for the first time |
Tehran Iran |
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Who is chosen to leave D-Day invasion |
General Dwight Eisenhower |
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when was D-Day |
June 6th 1944 |
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what was the goal of D-Day |
To liberate France from German occupation |
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What was the codename of the D-Day invasion |
Overlord |
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What city was liberated two months after D-Day |
Paris |
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Where did the Allies march to following Paris |
The German border |
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What caused the Allies to stop their pensive in December of 1944 |
They ran out of fuel |
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What was the final German Counterattack known as |
Battle of the Bulge |
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Where did the victory meat for their final meeting |
At Yalta in southern USSR |
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what did they agree to here |
To divide Germany into four partitions FDR in Churchill also pushed down to allow for free elections in the countries liberated from Germany |
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Surely after returning from Yalta what happened to FDR |
he died |
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where did FDR die |
Warm Springs Georgia |
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Who succeeded FDR |
Harry Truman |
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What Industrial German city was firebombed in 1945 |
Dresden |
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as the Allies were marching toward Berlin what did Hitler do on April 30th 1945 |
he and his wife of one Eva committed suicide |
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What is May 8th 1945 celebrated for |
VE Day victory in Europe |
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What Pacific battle marks the beginning of the Japanese retreat |
Midway |
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What battle in the Philippines marked the beginning of the end of the Japanese Occupation |
Leyte gulf |
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What u.s. victory in the Pacific was fought on a volcano |
Iwo Jima |
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What was the Japanese strategy on Iwo Jima |
fight to the death kill at least 20 Americans before you die |
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What's subsequent Pacific Victory following Iwo Jima |
Okinawa |
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Why were these victories significant |
They enabled US forces to get close enough to Japan to launch bombing raids |
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What tactics did the u.s. use next |
Key Japanese cities were firebombed |
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What was the estimated death toll |
over 200,000 |
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Who is leader promoted the US nuclear programs |
Albert Einstein in Enrico Fermi warned FDR that Germany was working on nuclear weapons in 1939 |
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What was the secret project called to develop a nuclear bomb |
Manhattan Project |
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Where was the first chest bomb detonated in 1945 |
The District of Alamogordo New Mexico |
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Who was the u.s. chief physicist on the project |
Dr. J Robert Oppenheimer |
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When did Truman learn of the Manhattan Project |
Shortly after taking office as VP he had no knowledge of the project |
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What was the justification for using the atomic bomb on Japan |
It would have saved lives u.s. military predicted 1 million deaths if us had invaded Japan |
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Who were the new Big 3 in the summer of 1945 |
Truman Stalin and Clement atlee |
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What decision did Truman make at Potsdam |
To drop the atomic bomb on Japan |
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What B-29 bomber dropped the first bomb |
The Enola Gay piloted by Paul Tibbets |
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When and where was little boy dropped |
August 6th 1945 on Hiroshima |
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Where was the second atomic bomb dropped (fat man) |
Nagasaki |
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Approximately how many deaths occurred |
Over 200,000 not all died immediately |
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when did Japan surrender |
Unofficially August 14th, officially September 2nd 1945 |
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what is VJ Day |
September 2nd 1945 victory over Japan |
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where did Japan surrender |
Aboard the USS Missouri signed by Douglas MacArthur |
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After the Japanese surrender where did MacArthur go next |
She led the u.s. occupation of Japan |
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How long did this occupation last |
From 1945 to 1951 |
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What did the 350,000 US forces do in Japan |
Distributed food establish a new democratic government with new laws encourage civil liberties and educational reform |
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what was disallowed in Japan |
A new constitution forbade Japan from future Wars |
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Where did the Allies conduct trials for Nazi officials |
Nuremberg from 1945 to 1949 |
