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black codes

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laws passed by southern state govts immediately after the civil war. designed to control former slaves and subvert intent of 13th amendment

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carpetbaggers

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northerners who went south after the civil war ;mixed group of idealists and selfinterested seekers of political and economic oportunity

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civil rights act of 1866

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stated that blacks were citizens of the us and denied states the power to restrict blacks from thei basic civil rights; congress overrode the presidents veto of the bill.

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compromise of 1877

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to settle election..
Hayes became president but as long as the reupublicans redraw their troops in florida

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croplien system

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to finance the sharecropping system. landownders borrow at high interest rates against future harvest. lenders insist they produce crops.

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electoral commision of 1877

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congress created a special electoral commission to decide the disputed outcome of the electoral college cote in the 1876 election. 8 republicans and 7 democrats on commission awarded all 20 disputed votes and won the presidency.

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15th ammendment

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this forbade all the states to deny the vote to anyone on the account of race and color of for having of been a slave.. intended to guarntee blacks the right to vote...

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force acts of 1870

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congress attacked kkk with 3 force acts in 70-71. these placed state elections under federal jurisdiction and imposed fines and imprisonment on those guilty of interfering with any citizen excerising his right to vote. they were designed to protect black voters in the south

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14th amendment

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provided citizenship to freedmen after the civil war and guaranteed them and all americans federally protected equal rights under the law. its provisions were used by radical republicans to enact a congressionally controlled reconstruction policy for the former confederate states.

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freedmen

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name for all former slaves

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freedmen's bureau

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a federal postwar refugee agency set up to aid former slaces. it provide them with food clothing and other necessities as well as helped them find work and set up schools. Congress overrode presicent johnson;s veto of a freedmes bureau renewal bill in 1866

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horace greely

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EDITOR OF THE ny TRIBUNE.BOTH LIBERAL REPUBLICANS AND THE DEMOCRATS NOMINATED HIM FOR THE PRESIDENCY IN 1872, HE LOST TO u.s. gRANT

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GREENBACKERS

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those who hoped tio inflate the currency and lower debts by keeping wartime paper currency in circulation, they formed the greenback party in 1874

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Rutherford B Hayed

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Ohio governor who was the Republican nominee in 1876. he was elected when 20 disputed votes were given to him by a special electoral commision

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impeachment

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to bring charges against a public officials for misbehaior in office. The house impeached Presient Johnson in `867 for violating the Tenure of Office Act and other allegations, but a senate triel failed to convict him of the charges

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andrew johnson

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democratic senator from Tenn. was Lincoln's vice prez. in 18764 for the union. succeded to the presidency when lincoln died. his reconstruction poilicies infuriated radical republicans in congress and he was impeached and nearly removed from the office

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KKK

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southerners who objected to congressional reconstruction policies founded several secret terrorist societies.. organized in TENN and became vigilante group

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Liberal Republicans

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1872 repblican reformers alarmed by the corruption and scandals in the grant administration, organized the liberal republicans and nominated hoarace greely they were laissez-faire liberals who opposed legistlation the benefitted any group

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new south

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an idea to convert the precivil war agricultural south into a nmore diversified economy southern industry did develop in textiles, steel,lumber, furniture and tobacco products

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pocket veto

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president can keep a bill from becoming law simply by the refusing to sign the bill before congress adjourns. lincoln pocket vetoed wade davis biill because he preferred his more moderate 10% plan

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Radical reconsturction

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the 1867 acts divided the south in 5 military didstricts, each governed by a general. they required southern sttes to guarantee black suffrage and they disfranchise many former confederates

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radical republicans

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headed by thaddeus Stevens and charlse sumner insisted on the black suffreage and the federal protection of the civil rights, they gained control of readmission for former concfederate.

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redeemers

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were laissez-faire white supremacsist southern democrats who displaced post civil war radical republican

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sharecropping

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during reconstruction southerneers adopted the sharecropping system in it the landowners provided foor tools hosu8ing and seed to a farmer who provided the opportunity

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solid south

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tendency of southern states to vote the democratic party after 1876 this continuaed almost exclusively until the 1960 election with kennedy

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specie resumption act

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congress enacted to reduce gradually the amount of greenback currency in circulation and restore a hard money policy. this was dismaying toi debtor groups like farmers and workers who could benefit fromcurrency inflation...

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thaddeus stevens

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Pann. congressman was leader of the radical republicans in the house during the civil war and reconstruction he instisted on making emancipatiiona war goal and favored granting full time political and civil rights to blacks

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swing around the circle

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johnson treavled widely trying to really public suppout for his reconstruction plan his swing around the circle failed as many more republican swon...

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10% plan

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moderate and quick way to readmit former confederates states into the uniong. what the number eauzl to 10% of a states 1860 voters signed a loyalty oath the state coukd not begin the process of edmission..

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10 % plan

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quick way to admit former confederate states into the union. number equal to 10% of a states 1860 voters signed a loyalty oath, state began process

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tenure of office act

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prohibited the president from removing without senate approval any official who had been appointed with the consent of the senate. johnson challenged the act when he laid off this SOW

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13th amendment

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freed slaves, increasing the representation insouthern states in congress

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samuel tilden

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ny goveneror was deomcrat nominee for 1876 lost election by one vote...

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wade davis bill

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congress passed this bill to repspong to linsoln's 10%plan it required a majority of voters in a southern state to take a loyalty oath in order to begin the process of reconstruction. it also required the states reupdiation of its confederate debt.