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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following best describes a “push factor” that would cause rural people in the Third-World to leave
a. Guest worker policies in First-World countries b. Civil war or armed conflict in the rural countryside c. Job opportunities in manufacturing d. Access to services and education opportunities in cities e. Decreasing land costs for farmers |
b. Civil war or armed conflict in the rural countryside
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The concept where physical geographic factors such as soils, climate and resources shape a
specific culture group’s behavior and practices is known as a. transhumance b. cultural imperialism c. convergence zones d. environmental determinism e. Tober’s Law |
d. environmental determinism
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An example of a nation without a representative state would be
a. Greeks b. Egyptians c. Panamanians d. Indonesians e. Kurds |
e. Kurds
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As industrialized countries continue to develop economically, agriculture in these First World
states tend to have the following characteristics a. larger farm size and increasing corporate ownership of farms b. larger farm size and more government ownership of farms c. smaller farm size and a diversity of crops on each farm d. smaller farm size and fewer family-owned farms e. larger farm size and increasing number of family-owned farms |
a. larger farm size and increasing corporate ownership of farms
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The shaded area on the map would be best described as the
a. European culture hearth b. European industrial core region c. European Union d. Mackinder’s Heartland e. European population periphery |
b. European industrial core region
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During the later part of the twentieth century, the three areas designated by arrows are places in Europe that
a. received large-scale in-migration from Africa and the Middle-East b. were original members of the European c. became sovereign nation-states d. transitioned from communism to free-market economies e. experienced armed conflict based upon ethnic and religious differences |
e. experienced armed conflict based upon ethnic and religious differences
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The long-term demographic effect of the One-child Policy in China has been
a. large-scale out-migration of Chinese to foreign countries b. reduction of the total fertility rate below the replacement rate c. mass rural to turban migration d. smaller total population of China e. in-migration of foreign guest workers to fill low-paying service jobs |
b. reduction of the total fertility rate below the replacement rate
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The effects of increasing worldwide use of the Internet, popularity of Hollywood movies and consumption of other English-language media would be examples of
a. cultural globalization b. expansion diffusion c. the Anatolian migration d. contagious diffusion e. vernacular regions |
a. cultural globalization
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Workers freely moving between member states within the European Union and the elimination of customs inspections for cars, trucks and trains moving between EU member states are results of
a. the removal of tariffs b. the development of the European Coal and Steel Community c. open-border policies d. the monetary union and use of the Euro e. judicial decisions of the European Court of Human Rights |
c. open-border policies
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What plant was the dominant staple crop for the culture hearths of Mesopotamia, ancient Egypt, and the rest of the Fertile Crescent?
a. corn (maize) b. potatoes c. yams d. wheat e. rice |
d. wheat
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New factories located in less developed countries (LDCs) are of then the result of corporations based in more developed countries (MDCs) that are seeking
a. industrial locations new to natural resource sites b. least-cost industrial locations c. industrial locations at transportation nodes d. increased government regulation of industry e. a technically-trained and highly educated industrial workforce |
b. least-cost industrial locations
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All of the following are problems associated with suburban sprawl EXCEPT
a. limited transportation access and increasing road congestion b. ethnic and racial segregation of suburban communities from the inner city c. limited tax funds to pay for new public schools and services for the elderly d limited communications access and few utilities services e. destruction off natural landscapes and the elimination of farmland |
d limited communications access and few utilities services
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The diagrams above displays the concept known as
a. population density b. Demographic Transition Theory c. Mathusian Theory d. Rate of Natural Increase (RNI) e. Total Fertility Rate (TFR) |
b. Demographic Transition Theory
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As shown on Stage 4 of the model. Birth rates can dip below death rates. A country that would be an example of this phenomenon would be
a. Sweden b. Mexico c. Brazil d. United States e. India |
a. Sweden
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In countries that would fall in Stage 2 of the model, the economy would be best characterized as
a. service based b. heavy industry c. agricultural d. high technology e. post-industrial |
c. agricultural
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In the diagram the point where population growth would be at its highest rate would be
a. the beginning of Stage 1 b. the end of Stage 4 c. the line between Stage 1 and Stage 2 d. the line between Stage 2 and Stage 3 e. the line between Stage 3 and Stage 4 |
d. the line between Stage 2 and Stage 3
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The large-scale mortality in the population of Native Americans during the decades following European
a. warfare with invading European armies b. changes in global climate which lead to crop failures and sea-level rise c. slavery and forced labor in European-owned colonial plantations d. infectious diseases introduced by European explorers and colonists e. colonial government policies restricting the number |
d. infectious diseases introduced by European explorers and colonists
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One option for small family-owned farms to increase the market value of their crops would be
a. eliminate irrigation and rely upon natural rainfall b. switch to organic farming practices with no pesticides or chemical fertilizers c. use biofuels such as vegetable-based diesel for their farm equipment d. switch to growing traditional staple crops such as corn and fertilizers e. export their crops to Third-world locations such as Sub-Saharan Africa |
b. switch to organic farming practices with no pesticides or chemical fertilizers
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The forced expulsion and resettlement of culture groups through the use of fear and violence, such as the conflicts within the former Yugoslavia in the 1990s,"", is known as
a. insurgency b. demilitarized zones c. chain migration d. relocation diffusion e. ethnic cleansing |
e. ethnic cleansing
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The de-industrialization process of within the First-World countries where the national economy shifts away from manufacturing and toward services commonly leads to
a. decreased dependence on high technology and computers b. large number of factory workers being laid-off and unemployed c. increase dependence on agricultural production and fisheries d. decreased need for workers with degrees from colleges and universities e. smaller number of services available in suburban areas |
b. large number of factory workers being laid-off and unemployed
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Efforts were made in the 2000s by many First World city governments to increase the livability and “cool” factor of old central business districts (old CBDs) and surrounding industrial areas. This is intended to attract younger, educated residents and
a. creative or high-value service industries such as advertising and architectural firms b. traditional basic services such as family shoe stores and children’s clothing retailers c. heavy industrial and other manufacturing firms such as steel plants and foundries d. transportation terminals and break-in-bulk points such as ports and rail yards e. sweatshops and other export-based production such as shoes and furniture |
a. creative or high-value service industries such as advertising and architectural firms
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The borders of American south or “Dixie” as a culture region are
a. defined by locations of all NASCAR races and county music stations b. poorly-defined and fuzzy borders which overlap other American culture regions c. a finite political boundary which surrounds the Civil War-era Confederate states d. defined by the planting range of agricultural products like peanuts and cotton e. a measurable transition zone of ten miles along the Mason Dixie line |
b. poorly-defined and fuzzy borders which overlap other American culture regions
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The definition of united Kingdom (great Britain) as a nation-state would be incorrect because of
a. the country’s membership in the European Union b. its physical location as an island nation c. the large-scale fragmentation of the British Empire in the twentieth century d. the widespread use of the English language in countries outside of the UK e. the internal cultural differences between England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland |
e. the internal cultural differences between England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland
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The portion of an economy that is engaged in the production of natural resources such as fisheries, mining and timber is known as the
a. primary sector b. secondary sector c. tertiary sector d. quaternary sector e. quinary sector |
a. primary sector
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Which of the following locations would be known as Fall-in cities?
a. New York, Norfolk, Miami, New Orleans, New Haven b. Detroit, Chicago, Buffalo, Cleveland, Milwaukee c. St Louis, Memphis, Baton Rouge, Minneapolis, St. Paul d. Los Angeles, San Diego, San Francisco, Portland, Seattle e. Richmond, Washington, Baltimore, Philadelphia, Albany |
e. Richmond, Washington, Baltimore, Philadelphia, Albany
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One improvement that can increase the sustainability of large urban areas with sprawling suburbs is
a. converting large areas of agricultural land to housing b. constructing integrated public transit systems including bus, subway and rail c. decreasing government spending on public schools d. eliminating green spaces and using parkland to create more land for housing e. creating incentives such as free parking downtown to encourage community by car |
b. constructing integrated public transit systems including bus, subway and rail
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Nuclear power poses environmental risks due to the hazards associated with nuclear waste and power plant accidents. However, some environmentalists advocated nuclear power because
a. the low cost of building nuclear power plants b. the simplicity of long-term underground storage of nuclear waste c. the lack of carbon emission from nuclear power plants d. the ability to recycle nuclear fuel rods for reuse e. the 12-to-13 year productivity of nuclear fuel rods |
c. the lack of carbon emission from nuclear power plants
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The concept of “place” in human geography can be best defined as
a. a location on Earth’s surface with a distinctive characteristic b. a point formed by the intersection of tow or more transportation lines c. a point where a natural resource is located d. a sub-unit of a region composed of villages or small towns e. a location where people live and work |
a. a location on Earth’s surface with a distinctive characteristic
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“Doubling time” or the number of years required for a population to double in size can be estimated by
a. dividing the total population by the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) b. counting back the number of years to when the population was half the current size c. multiplying the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) by the Rate of Natural Increase (RNI) d. dividing 70 by the Rate of Natural Increase (RNI) e. multiplying the Rate of Natural Increase (RNI) by the Total Life Expectancy |
d. dividing 70 by the Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)
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In the Third-World, plantation crops like bananas, coffee and sugar are examples of
a. subsistence agriculture b. import substitution c. export-based agriculture d. specialty agriculture e. value-added agriculture |
c. export-based agriculture
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. Which of the following place-name lists are characteristic of a French cultural landscape?
a. Boston, Albany, Burlington b. San Juan, San Francisco, Los Angeles c. Ste.-Anne de Bellevue, St.-Jean-Baptiste, Vincennes d. Newark, Christiansted, Charlotte Amalie e. Tallahassee, Miami, Chattanooga |
c. Ste.-Anne de Bellevue, St.-Jean-Baptiste, Vincennes
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A global religion founded on the principle of polytheism is
a. Judaism b. Zoroastrianism c. Christianity d. Islam e. Hinduism |
e. Hinduism
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Religious and belief systems in which items in nature such animals, trees, or mountains can have spiritual value or being can be classified as
a. animism b. syncretic religions c. infidel beliefs d. tribalism e. hybrid religions |
a. animism
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The cultural and political ideas of nationalism can work to bond the social fabric of a state together. In this case nationalism can be seen as a
a. push factor b. pull factor c. centrifugal force d. centripetal force e. physical factor |
d. centripetal force
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The political geographic concept of the “state” is defined as
a. a population and defined area controlled by an organized government b. a sub-unit of a federal system such as the United States or Brazil c. a population represented by a singular culture d. a population with a singular culture and single government e. the equivalent of a nation or country |
a. a population and defined area controlled by an organized government
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Two supranational organizations whose origins are primarily economic in origin are
a. NATO and the Warsaw Pact b. NAFTA and the World Trade Organization (WTO) c. the UN and the International Committee of the Red Cross d. The New York Stock Exchange and the Tokyo Stock Exchange e. the League of Nations and the UN |
b. NAFTA and the World Trade Organization (WTO)
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Two examples of value-added agricultural products produced on European farms would be
a. corn and wheat b. rice and beans c. cattle and hogs d. chicken and farm-raised fish e. cheese and wine |
e. cheese and wine
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Which of the following population statistics would be commonly found in newly industrialized countries (NICs)?
a. slow population growth and rapid urban to rural migration b. zero population growth and rapid rural to urban migration c. high population growth and rapid rural to urban migration d. high population growth and rapid urban to rural migration e. slow population growth and rapid rural to urban migration |
c. high population growth and rapid rural to urban migration
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Singapore can be classified as all of the following EXCEPT
a. an entrepot b. an island state c. a microstate d. a dependent territory e. a sovereign state |
d. a dependent territory
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Which of the following cities is not part of a larger megalopolis?
a. New York b. Paris c. Tokyo d. Osaka e. Essen |
b. Paris
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Poor rural to urban migrants who settle in Latin American cities are most likely to have residences or homes
a. inside the abandoned buildings of downtown business districts b. in government-provided public housing projects c. in landlord-owned tenement buildings just outside the CBD d. in squatter settlements on the urban periphery e. in single-family detached houses within the suburbs |
a. inside the abandoned buildings of downtown business districts
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A financial factor that led to increased rates of home ownership and massive growth of the suburbs in the United States after 1950 was
a. large decrease in the price of suburban land b. the GI bill and similar government guaranteed mortgage programs c. increased availability and popularity of credit cards d. the development of the interstate highway system and expanded street car networks e. surplus agricultural production from farms in the United States |
b. the GI bill and similar government guaranteed mortgage programs
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The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) can be defined as
a. the estimated number of children born to each father during a one-year period b. the difference between crude birth rates and crude death rates divided by ten c. the estimated number of children born to each female of birthing age (15-45) d. the total number of children each female given birth in the previous ten-year period e. the number of children per family required to replace the previous generation |
c. the estimated number of children born to each female of birthing age (15-45)
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Popular resistance to the creation of a European Union citizen status and EU passports for the residents of EU member states can be attributed to
a. Western Europeans having higher wages than workers in Eastern Europe b. security problems associated with the open borders between member states c. concerns over higher taxes to pay for EU government programs d. the popularity of high technology and communications systems which reduce barriers to the formation of social networks e. the attachment of personal identity based upon nationality and regional uniqueness |
e. the attachment of personal identity based upon nationality and regional uniqueness
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In von Thunen’s model of the Isolated State the location of village, town or city would fall into the ring labeled
a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E |
a. A
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In von Thunen’s model the most time-intensive and labor-intensive agricultural activities would fall in
a. rings D and E b. ring E c. rings A and B d. rings B and E e. rings C, D, and E |
c. rings A and B
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In von Thunen’s model the area that would be mainly used for grazing activities would be the ring labeled
a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E |
e. E
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The concept of scale, in terms of the geographical analysis of population, would be divided upon levels such as
a. private, business, government b. 1:24,000, 1:1,000,000, 1:6,000,000 c. census tract, city, county d. male, female, dependents e. gender, age, ethnicity |
c. census tract, city, county
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The amount of energy resources known to be contained in a supply or deposit, such as the barrel volume of an oil field that has been explored by geologists, is known as a
a. proven reserve b. potential reserve c. surplus d. consumption volume e. production volume |
a. proven reserve
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Pollution in the form of acid rain that can damage natural forest and lake environments is primarily the result of
a. the combustion of natural gas for home heating and industrial production b. the burning of cola for electrical and industrial production c. the use of hydrochloric acid in factories d. airborne emissions from petroleum refineries e. water vapor from nuclear plant cooling towers |
b. the burning of cola for electrical and industrial production
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The industrial location of large steel manufacturing centers such as Pittsburgh would be most significantly determined by
a. a high volume of steel consumers in the area b. nearby location of iron ore resources c. central location in retail networks d. nearby location of water, cola and limestone resources e. location as a break-in-bulk point |
d. nearby location of water, cola and limestone resources
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The identity of mestizos in Latin America is a mixture of culture and heritage from
a. Africans and Native Americans b. multiple tribes from what is today California c. Europeans and Africans d. Native Americans and Europeans e. Asians and Africans |
d. Native Americans and Europeans
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Two examples of absolute monarchies that exist today are
a. United Kingdom and the Netherlands b. China and Japan c. Saudi Arabia and Brunei d. Iceland and Japan e. Turkey and Egypt |
c. Saudi Arabia and Brunei
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Improvements in health care systems, sanitation infrastructure and personal nutrition are factors that lead to
a. increased total fertility rates and higher birth rates b. increased birth rates and decreased life expectancy c. decreased life expectancy and increased total fertility rates d. increased infant mortality rates and increased total fertility rates e. decreased infant mortality rates and increased life expectancy |
e. decreased infant mortality rates and increased life expectancy
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In social geography the concept of race is best defined as
a. differences based upon human physiological variations such as skin color and bone structure b. differences based upon linguistic variations such as Indo-European language family versus Asiatic languages such as Mandarin or African Bantu languages c. differences upon ethnic variation between different nations or culture groups d. differences based upon human-environmental factors such as how climates and resource availability can affect the prosperity of a region’s population e. differences upon the continent of a person’s residence or origin |
a. differences based upon human physiological variations such as skin color and bone structure
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Friedrich Ratzel is noted as the geographer who
a. established the concept of Heartlands and Rimlands in political geography in 1904 b. devised the map and internal boundaries of colonial Africa at the Berlin Conference in 1884 c. established cotemporary human geography at the University of Berlin during the 1800s d. first proposed the Concentric Zone model of urban geographic form in the 1920s e. proposed German expansion into the Eurasian steppes as a strategy prior to World War II |
c. established cotemporary human geography at the University of Berlin during the 1800s
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The place represented in the image is
a. the red Mosque of Islamabad b. the al-Kabah Mosque in Mecca c. the Hagia Sofia in Istanbul d. the Blue Mosque in Istanbul e. the Dome of the Rock (al-Asqa Mosque) in Jerusalem |
b. the al-Kabah Mosque in Mecca
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The place represented in the image is
a. the location of the five pillars of Islam b. a place of conflict between three major world religions c. the former political seat of the Ottoman Empire before the end of World War I d. the destination of the Hajj, once-in-a-lifetime pilgrimage of all able Muslims e. located in the former Roman city of Byzantine |
d. the destination of the Hajj, once-in-a-lifetime pilgrimage of all able Muslims
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Gentrification in cities can be best described by the following processes
a. government funding and development of new downtown sports stadiums b. foreign direct invest in new factories c. corporate land development and building new suburbs d. corporate land development and building Edge Cities e. private investment and reconstruction in existing residential buildings |
e. private investment and reconstruction in existing residential buildings
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The notion that Christopher Columbus was the first European to ‘discover’ America can be best characterized as
a. a historical inaccuracy that has nonetheless become folklore strongly tied to the national history of the United States b. a historical fact that has been established by archaeological and archival evidence in Florida and Spain c. a myth that never actually occurred and has been removed from all textbooks in the Americas d. a turning point in the technology of navigation where longitude was accurately calculated at sea e. a historical fact that has been woven into the multicultural identity of the United States |
a. a historical inaccuracy that has nonetheless become folklore strongly tied to the national history of the United States
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The Prime Meridian is
a. located in Greenwich, Connecticut b. 0 longitude c. a meridian that cannot be divide by a whole number d. 23 30’ N latitude e. 180 longitude |
b. 0 longitude
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Places such as Silicon Valley in California and Hyderabad, India are areas of economic development in
a. automobile parts manufacturing and vehicle assembly b. finance and corporate stock trading c. mining of silica and production of silicon d. high-technology equipment and software e. vineyards and wine production |
d. high-technology equipment and software
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Two examples of current “hard-line” Marxist-socialist states are
a. Nicaragua and Grenada b. Russia and Belarus c. Cambodia and Laos d. Czech Republic and Slovakia e. North Korea and Cuba |
e. North Korea and Cuba
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Which of the following lists are New World agricultural products that came to Europe in the Colombian exchange after 1492?
a. horse, cattle, wheat b. Maize (corn), potatoes, turkeys c. yams, melons, chickens d. noodles, mushrooms, geese e. coffee, sugar, hogs |
b. Maize (corn), potatoes, turkeys
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The agricultural system represented in the image would be most often found in
a. Fourth or Fifth-world states b. Newly Industrialized Countries (NICs) c. Third-world states d. Less Developed Countries (LDCs) e. First and Second-world states |
e. First and Second-world states
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The type of crop farmed using he equipment employed in the image would be
a. tubers (roots vegetables) b. paddy rice c. grains d. summer vegetables e. fruits |
c. grains
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Which source of energy is the type of agriculture production depicted in the image most dependent?
a. coal b. geothermal c. natural gas d. hydropower e. petroleum |
e. petroleum
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The following are all factors in the Green Revolution EXCEPT
a. pesticides b. chemical fertilizers c. low-costs human labor d. plant hybridization e. mechanized irrigation |
c. low-costs human labor
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The existence of Hindu Indian communities in places such as Guyana, Fiji, and South Africa are the result of
a. relocation diffusion b. colonial-era labor migrations c. religious conversions d. migrants to high-technology development zones e. rural to urban migration |
b. colonial-era labor migrations
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A decrease in trade or interaction between different places as the distance between places increases is defined as
a. elasticity b. friction distance c. distance decay d. segregation e. terminal costs |
c. distance decay
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The caste system in Hindu India is a social structure based upon
a. a social hierarchy in which a person is born into a caste and cannot change castes during their lifetime b. an economic class which poor people can work and earn money to raise their position in society c. a political party system strongly tied to economic class divisions dominated by Hindi-speakers from northern India d. regional cultural divisions dominated by Hindi-speakers from northern India e. a colonial social structure created by British rulers an imposed from the 1800s through the 1940s until independence |
a. a social hierarchy in which a person is born into a caste and cannot change castes during their lifetime
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Major population centers in Canada are mainly located on waterways, ports and
a. agricultural production areas, especially for wheat and corn b. land borders with the United States c. natural resource locations, especially for minerals and oil d. animal resource locations, especially bison and fur-bearing species suck mink and beaver e. hydropower production sites |
c. natural resource locations, especially for minerals and oil
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The urban model depicted in the diagram best resembles
a. the Galactic City model b. Burgess’ Concentric Zone model c. Hoyt’s Sector model d. Mackinder’s Heartland-Rimland model e. Cohen’s Shatterbelts |
c. Hoyt’s Sector model
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In the twentieth century North American city if area Y is the CBD then X is most likely the
a. a new CBD b. an area of forest, parkland or pasture c. a sprawling suburb d. an industrial corridor with a river, port, or rail yard e. squatter settlements |
d. an industrial corridor with a river, port, or rail yard
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In the twentieth-century North American city if area Y is the CBD then area Z is most likely
a. an ethnic neighborhood with a single culture-group such as Irish-Catholic, Italian, or an African-American community b. an area of forest, parkland, or pasture c. an area of manufacturing development d. a Chinatown or Japantown e. a neighborhood dominated by middle-class white Anglo-Saxon Protestants (WASPs) |
e. a neighborhood dominated by middle-class white Anglo-Saxon Protestants (WASPs)
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