Aphg Final Test Practice Prince 2

Front 1

The effect of Internet connectivity on global communication and business is that it
a. increases the
b. decreases the absolute
c. increases the friction of distance between places
d. decreases the relative distance between places
e. decreases the Euclidean distance between places

Back 1

d. decreases the relative distance between places

Front 2

. The theory of environmental determinism generalizes a regions culture as being shaped by
a. the combined influences of the physical geography of the region
b. access to waterways for transport
c. the populations choice of a staple food crop
d. the dominant religion of the region
e. peoples ability to live sustainably and prevent population pressure

Back 2

a. the combined influences of the physical geography of the region

Front 3

All of the following are branches or denominations of Buddhism EXCEPT
a. Zen
b. Confucianism
c. Shinto
d. Daoism (Taoism)
e. Hinduism

Back 3

e. Hinduism

Front 4

The staple crop of the Andean culture hearth of the Inca peoples was
a. maize(corn)
b. potatoes
c. yams
d. manioc
e. wheat

Back 4

b. potatoes

Front 5

The model presented in the map is
a. the division between Roman Catholic and Easer Orthodox religious dominance
b. Northern and Southern economies separated by the Brandt Line
c. world map as prescribed during the Berlin Conference of 1884
d. Mackinder’s Heartland-Rimland Theory
e. the Russian and British Empires in 1904

Back 5

d. Mackinder’s Heartland-Rimland Theory

Front 6

The Pivot Area as depicted on the map is important because it contains
a. valuable land resource regions such as the Eurasian Steppe and Siberia
b. the political heart of Communism during the twentieth century
c. the region connected by the Trans-Siberian Railway
d. the extent of the Russian empire before the rise of Communism in 1917
e. the area devoid of British and American cultural and political influence

Back 6

a. valuable land resource regions such as the Eurasian Steppe and Siberia

Front 7

Cohen’s Shatterbelt theory predicted that armed conflicts after 195 would likely occur in areas
a. within the Pivot Area
b. along the borders of the Pivot Area and Inner Crescent
c. within the Inner Crescent
d. along the borders of the Inner and Outer Crescents
e. within the Outer Crescent

Back 7

c. within the Inner Crescent

Front 8

Fisheries, mining, and timber are types of economic production that are part of the
a. primary sector
b. secondary sector
c. tertiary sector
d. quaternary sector
e. quinary sector

Back 8

a. primary sector

Front 9

The political-economic system found in Communist states is known as
a. free-market federal democracy
b. free-market social democracy
c. Marxist-Socialism
d. feudalism
e. free-market parliamentary democracy

Back 9

c. Marxist-Socialism

Front 10

In addition to employment and increased pay opportunities, poor rural to urban migrants in LDCs can be influenced by pull factors such as
a. entertainment and increased access to services in cities
b. armed conflicts and disasters in rural areas
c. decreased political corruption and increased police protection in cities
d. increasing land costs for agriculture in rural regions
e. lack of clean water and sanitation availability in new urban settlements

Back 10

a. entertainment and increased access to services in cities

Front 11

By calculating the size and agricultural productivity of former Native American farming areas, geographer William Denevan has estimated the size of the population of the Americas in 1492 as being in the range of
a.5 million to 6 million
b. 10 million to 12 million
c. 50 million to 60 million
d. 180 million to 200 million
e. 400 million to 420 million

Back 11

c. 50 million to 60 million

Front 12

New suburban CBDs that have developed into large centers of commercial office space and are often located at major transportation nodes or retail centers are known as
a. entrepot
b. break-in-bulk points
c. edge cities
d. export processing zones
e. greenbelts

Back 12

c. edge cities

Front 13

All of the following are factors that contribute to the greenhouse effect EXCEPT
a. volcanic eruptions
b. methane emissions
c. carbon dioxide emissions
d. water vapor emissions
e. desertification

Back 13

a. volcanic eruptions

Front 14

Which of the following would indicate sustainable resource utilization?
a. Disposal of solid municipal waste in an open landfill at a rural location
b. Commercial fishing only in open oceans beyond the continental shelf
c. Paving roads and highways with recycled automobile tire and glass waste
d. Heating and cooking in Third-world homes with wood from local forests
e. Increased cattle farming in dry grasslands where commercial crops will not grow

Back 14

c. Paving roads and highways with recycled automobile tire and glass waste

Front 15

The geographic concept of a€nation€ can be best described as
a. a population and defined area controlled by an organized government
b. a federal system such as the United States of Brazil
c. a population represented by a singular culture
d. a population with a singular culture and single government
e. the equivalent of a state or country

Back 15

c. a population represented by a singular culture

Front 16

Which of the following countries were former Communist sates and are now members of the European Union?
a. Finland and Kazakhstan
b. Austria and Switzerland
c. Serbia and Albania
d. Russian and Belarus
e. Lithuania and Poland

Back 16

e. Lithuania and Poland

Front 17

The traditional method of farming in woodland areas that has been proactive for centuries but now poses an environmental
problem in the tropical rain forest regions is
a. raised-fid agriculture
b. slash and burn agriculture
c. multi-cropping
d. aquaculture
e. factory farming

Back 17

b. slash and burn agriculture

Front 18

Which one of the following list are ALL renewable energy resources?
a. natural gas, coal, hydropower
b solar, geothermal, wind power
c. petroleum, hydrogen, coal
d. nuclear, petroleum, ethanol
e. coal, lignite, peat

Back 18

b solar, geothermal, wind power

Front 19

The border characteristics of political regions are
a. considered fuzzy
b. overlapping other regions
c. measurable transition zones
d. finite delineations
e. vernacular in popular definition

Back 19

d. finite delineations

Front 20

This urban model best resembles a
a. concentric zone model
b. von Thünen’s model of the Isolated State
c. sector model
d. multiple nuclei model
e. galactic city model

Back 20

a. concentric zone model

Front 21

In this urban model, land prices would be highest in the area labeled
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. E

Back 21

a. A

Front 22

In the United States following World War II, the ring that would expand most significantly in size would be the area labeled
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. E

Back 22

d. D

Front 23

Using the diagram, a model of urban realms that more realistically represents commercial land values can be created by inserting
a. rivers and trails
b. roads and railways
c. airports and schools
d. power plants and ports
e. banks and hospital

Back 23

b. roads and railways

Front 24

The use of the English language by all commercial airline pilots worldwide for the purpose of air traffic control safety would be an
example of
a. transnational migration
b. relocation diffusion
c. a lingua franca
d. multiplier effects
e. a footloose industry

Back 24

c. a lingua franca

Front 25

Which of the following would be an example of a government policy protecting against cultural globalization?
a. U.S. tariffs on imported automobiles from Japan and Germany
b. French and Canadian government funding for production of French-language movies
c. French and Japanese trade limitations on beef produced in Great Britain
d. South African government-sponsored “peace and reconciliation€ committees
e. Chinese establishment of Special Economic Zones in Coastal port areas

Back 25

b. French and Canadian government funding for production of French-language movies

Front 26

Which of the following list are all primate cities?
a. Tokyo, Beijing, Djakarta
b. New York, Chicago, Los Angeles
c. Mexico City, Buenos Aires, Lima
d. Rio de Janeiro, Miami, New Orleans
e. Mumbai, Shanghai, Karachi

Back 26

c. Mexico City, Buenos Aires, Lima

Front 27

Which of the following examples would best represent the concept of the map scale?
a. private land, commercial land, government land
b. 1:24,000, :1:1,000,000, 1:6,000,000
c. census tract, city limits, county boundaries
d. Washington, New York, Springfield
e. line coloration from blue to green and then to red

Back 27

b. 1:24,000, :1:1,000,000, 1:6,000,000

Front 28

The concept of a space€ in human geography can be defined as
a. areas of the earth’s surface bounded by objects, real and imagined
b. a point on the earth’s surface with a meaningful characteristic
c. areas outside of planetary atmospheres
d. the amount of human population that can be supported by resources in the area
e. an area with a common homogeneous characteristic

Back 28

a. areas of the earth’s surface bounded by objects, real and imagined

Front 29

Jerusalem is considered a holy place by all of the following religions EXCEPT
a. Catholicism
b. Protestantism
c. Islam
d. animism
e. Judaism

Back 29

d. animism

Front 30

A small-family run farm in an LDC that produces a variety of crops including corn, vegetables, eggs, and milk would most likely
be an example of
a. crop rotation
b. subsistence farming
c. export-based agriculture
d. monoculture
e. plantation farming

Back 30

b. subsistence farming

Front 31

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is considered a free-trade zone between Canada, the United States, and
Mexico because of
a. the elimination of border control stations and custom inspections
b. the adoption of the dollar as the common currency
c. the free movement of labor across international borders without visas
d. the elimination of tariffs on goods and services traded across borders
e. the free shipping of goods between countries provided by postal services

Back 31

d. the elimination of tariffs on goods and services traded across borders

Front 32

The Russian Baltic Sea port of Kaliningrad (Koenigsberg) is separated on land from Russian by Lithuania and Belarus. In this
regard it is political example of an
a. entrepot
b. enclave
c. ethnic neighborhood
d. enterprise zone
e. exclave

Back 32

e. exclave

Front 33

Which of the regions in the map would contain the older Asian Tigers that experiences large scale industrial redevelopment in
the 1950s and ‘60s?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. E

Back 33

b. B

Front 34

Which of the regions in the map would contain areas known as Special Economic Zones (SEZs)?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. E

Back 34

d. D

Front 35

The economically important sea lane designated by the arrow on the map is the
a. Straits of Hormuz
b. Panama Canal
c. Suez Canal
d. Straits of Magellan
e. Straits of Malacca

Back 35

e. Straits of Malacca

Front 36

The areas that have large Catholic religious populations are
a. A and B
b. C and D
c. C and E
d. B and C
e. A and D

Back 36

c. C and E

Front 37

Spain, Morocco, and Pakistan share commonalities in cultural landscape features such as architecture, vocabulary, and place-names due to the influence of ________ culture.
a. French
b. British
c. Spanish
d. Arabic
e. Roman

Back 37

d. Arabic

Front 38

The musical styles of reggae and ska, along with the religion of Rastafarianism, have their origins in
a. the United States
b. Great Britain
c. Ethiopia
d. Trinidad
e. Jamaica

Back 38

e. Jamaica

Front 39

The countries of Belgium, Luxembourg, and he Netherlands are considered all of the following EXCEPT
a. founding members of the European Economic Community (later the EU)
b. states with high Total Fertility Rates (TFR)
c. the Benelux countries
d. states with high per capita gross national products (GNP)
e. founding members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Back 39

b. states with high Total Fertility Rates (TFR)

Front 40

The time frame of decolonization in Africa during which most sates became independent of European control was
a.1810s-1830s
b. 1890s
c. 1914-1948
d. 1945-1948
e. 1960s-1990s

Back 40

e. 1960s-1990s

Front 41

The amount of energy resources estimated to be contained in fossil fuel deposits, but have not been explored and analyzed by
geologists, is known as a(n)
a. proven reserve
b. potential reserve
c. energy deficit
d. energy surplus
e. production volume

Back 41

b. potential reserve

Front 42

The type of manufacturing which involves the coordinated assembly of products as supplies and parts are received, and thus
reduces production costs and decreases inventory space is known as
a. footloose industries
b. tertiary production
c. just-in-time production
d. craft manufacturing
e. cottage industries

Back 42

c. just-in-time production

Front 43

A place, such as a port or rail yard, where goods are transferred from one mode of transportation, subdivided and then sent on
another transport system is known as a(n)
a. resource node
b. export processing zone
c. break-in bulk point
d. PLVI
e. transport node

Back 43

c. break-in bulk point

Front 44

The primary concern of Thomas Malthus’ theory of population was that
a. human populations would eventually shrink to sizes where industrial economies could not be sustained
b. human populations would grow at rates that would exceed their ability to produce food and resources
c. human populations would eventually stabilize in size, and that demand for new food and resource supplies would subside
d. human populations would become fully urbanized, leaving no one to perform agriculture in rural areas
e. human populations would reach densities where eventually epidemic disease would become impossible to control

Back 44

b. human populations would grow at rates that would exceed their ability to produce food and resources

Front 45

In a country where the rate of natural increase (RNI) is a negative number, an expected secondary effect of this population
situation would be
a. a decrease in the per capita gross national product
b. fewer women entering management, scientific and political positions
c. a repeal of open-border policies
d. decreased government protection of natural environments
e. an increase in foreign guest workers immigrating to fill jobs

Back 45

e. an increase in foreign guest workers immigrating to fill jobs

Front 46

The replacement rate is a Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of
a.0.1
b. 1.1
c. 2.1
d. 3.1
e. 4.1

Back 46

c. 2.1

Front 47

The study of the movement of disease across space is known as
a. epidemiology
b. technical diffusion
c. contagious diffusion
d. redlining
e. geomorphology

Back 47

a. epidemiology

Front 48

The shaded region of ancient civilizations which spanned from the Nile River valley through and to the Tigris and Euphrates
Rivers is known as the
a. Arabian Peninsula
b. Fertile Crescent
c. Anatolian Migration
d. Maghreb
e. Kingdom of Heaven

Back 48

b. Fertile Crescent

Front 49

The circles areas on the map are all areas which
a. are under the control of al-Qaeda from 2001 to present
b. were under the control of the U.S.-led military coalition as of 2003
c. are home to the Kurdish peoples
d. are production zones of proven oil reserves
e. have large-scale irrigated agriculture

Back 49

d. are production zones of proven oil reserves

Front 50

The cities labeled on the map share all of the following characteristics EXCEPT
a. all are national capitals
b. all are primate cities
c. all have populations over 1 million
d. none are sea ports
e. all have majority Sunni Muslim populations

Back 50

e. all have majority Sunni Muslim populations

Front 51

The political economy of Canada would be best described as a
a. British colony
b. dependent territory
c. Marxist-Socialist state
d. Supranational organization
e. Free-market parliamentary democracy

Back 51

e. Free-market parliamentary democracy

Front 52

Mediterranean agricultural products are grown in the United States primarily in
a. Hawaii
b. the Upper Midwest
c. Central and Southern California
d. the New York-New Jersey metropolitan area
e. the Atlantic Coastal Plain

Back 52

c. Central and Southern California

Front 53

In the states of the former Soviet Union and Easter Europe, the shift from communism to free-markets is referred to as
a. socialization
b. economic restructuring
c. nationalization
d. containment theory
e. the Cold War

Back 53

b. economic restructuring

Front 54

The process of soil salinization is most likely to occur in areas where there is
a. excessive irrigation in dry-land agricultural zones
b. deforestation in temperate climate zone
c. irrigation near ocean or sea coasts
d. plowing of loess soils
e. long-term use of fertilizers and pesticides

Back 54

a. excessive irrigation in dry-land agricultural zones

Front 55

Secondary industries such as fish canneries and lumbar mills where manufacturing is dependent on a single natural resource tend
to be located
a. dispersed near consumer retail locations in a decentralized pattern
b. centralized close to natural resource locations
c. centrally within consumer market regions
d. dispersed near wholesale distribution centers
e. centralized near international airport hubs

Back 55

b. centralized close to natural resource locations

Front 56

. The process of gerrymandering is best described by
a. the establishment of new city, county or state governments more favorable to business interests and wealthy citizens
b. the creation of new voting districts that have irregular boundaries designed to favor a particular candidate or political party
c. the delineation of areas where insurance companies do not wish to sell policies to homeowners due to race, ethnicity or income
differences
d. the expansion of city limit boundaries to include new suburbs and areas of city utility infrastructure
e. the random overlapping of public service districts where the boundaries of school systems, public utility services and political boundaries do not match

Back 56

b. the creation of new voting districts that have irregular boundaries designed to favor a particular candidate or political party

Front 57

The development indicator which use a combination of factors including life expectancy, education rates and income to measure a
country’s level of development is known as
a. Human Development Index (HDI)
b. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
c. Gross National Product (GNP)
d. Gross National income Purchasing Power Parity (GNI PPP)
e. Consumer Price Index (CPI)

Back 57

a. Human Development Index (HDI)

Front 58

The process where a national economy shifts away from manufacturing to production dominated by services and high technology development is known as
a. a newly industrialized economy
b. Fordism
c. the Industrial Revolution
d. deindustrialization
e. market capitalism

Back 58

d. deindustrialization

Front 59

In the post-World War II United States, the locational shift of commercial offices and services from downtown CBDs to suburban
areas can be attributed to
a. the shift in government locations from downtowns to new suburban locations
b. decreased environmental regulations in suburban areas that did not limit water pollution and air emissions
c. the demand for more industrial land for factories in inner city areas pushing out other commercial activities
d. the availability of low-cost immigrant workers in suburban areas which decreased corporate labor costs
e. the shift in commercial service workers and consumes residences from inner cities to the suburbs

Back 59

e. the shift in commercial service workers and consumes residences from inner cities to the suburbs

Front 60

The area off the coast of a country that extends 200 nautical miles across the water, where that country controls all natural resource
extraction including fisheries, energy and minerals, is established under the United nations Conference of the Law of the Seas
(UNCLOS) as
a. international waters
b. the special economic zone
c. the exclusive economic zone
d. territorial seas
e. sovereign territory

Back 60

c. the exclusive economic zone

Front 61

The elite residential sector of the city is found in the areas labeled
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. E

Back 61

b. B

Front 62

The CBD labeled on the map historically is centered around a colonial-era
a. plaza
b. port or embarcadero
c. temple complex
d. castle or fort
e. coliseum

Back 62

a. plaza

Front 63

Squatter settlements near the center of the city, situated in areas such as river banks, steep hillsides, or abandoned industrial lands,
are known as
a. Zona Rosa
b. cordon sanitaire
c. zone of maturity
d. peripheral squatter settlements
e. zones of disamenity

Back 63

e. zones of disamenity

Front 64

The zone of in situ accretion is the area labeled
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. E

Back 64

d. D

Front 65

To increase agricultural productivity and increase the pest-resistance of many crops, in recent decades agro industry firms have
developed
a. heirloom varieties
b. organic farming
c. genetically engineered foods
d. value-added agriculture
e. chemical fertilizers

Back 65

c. genetically engineered foods

Front 66

Prior to the rise of steam power and the electrification of industry, manufacturing centers of the early Industrial revolution were
mainly located
a. along roads with large amounts of cart and wagon traffic
b. in forest regions where wood was abundant
c. on waterfalls of streams and rivers
d. in national capital with government funding
e. at university research and development centers

Back 66

c. on waterfalls of streams and rivers

Front 67

Which of the following is a list of newly industrialized countries (NICs)
a. Brazil, Mexico, India
b. Kenya, Zambia, Tanzania
c. Russia, Ukraine, Poland
d. United States, Great Britain, France
e. Japan, South Korea, Taiwan

Back 67

a. Brazil, Mexico, India

Front 68

NATO and the Warsaw Pact can be best described as
a. regional organizations based on economic cooperation
b. early attempts at free trade zones in Europe
c. partners in combating irredentism in the former Yugoslavia
d. military allies during World War II
e. supranational organizations based on military cooperation

Back 68

e. supranational organizations based on military cooperation

Front 69

The point in the urban landscape with the highest real estate prices is known as the
a. transport node
b. resource node
c. central place
d. peak lad-value intersection
e. breaking point

Back 69

d. peak lad-value intersection

Front 70

Population density in the United States since the 1940s has
a. shifted toward the northern and western states
b. decreased overall
c. remained high in the agricultural Midwest
d. rapidly increased in downtown CBDs
e. shifted toward the southern and western states

Back 70

e. shifted toward the southern and western states

Front 71

The diagrams with the highest dependency ratios are
a. A and E
b. A and C
c. B and C
d. C and D
e. D and E

Back 71

c. B and C

Front 72

The diagram that most resembles the population structure of the United States is
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. E

Back 72

e. E

Front 73

The diagram that most resembles the population structure of Germany is
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. E

Back 73

d. D

Front 74

The Creole culture found in and around the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico o is a mix of the following influences:
a. Anglo-American and Mexican
b. Asian, African, and European
c. Native American, African and European
d. Native American and Asian
e. European, Asian and Native American

Back 74

c. Native American, African and European

Front 75

Low-profitability manufacturing, in goods such as clothing or shoes, tends to be located in LDCs that have all of the following
EXCEPT
a. low real estate prices
b. high-level governmental rules
c. low labor costs
d. high numbers of available labor
e. high amounts of foreign direct investment

Back 75

b. high-level governmental rules