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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Open field system
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dividing land amongst peasants
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Crop rotation
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-rotating fallow & growing land every 3 years
-eventually ran out of food |
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Agricultural Revolution
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- 1650-1750
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Enclosure
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-organize land
-fencing in peasant land |
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Cornelius Vermuyden
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-large draining project in Yorkshire & Cambridge
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Jethro Tull
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-English innovator
-used horses for plowing -plant seeds with drilling equipment -selective breeding |
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Turnip Townsend
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-encouraged planting turnips
-improved diet & land |
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Tenant Farmers
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-profit minded, market oriented
-new methods of farming -fenced fields, built drains, improved soil |
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Estate agriculture
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-looked for agriculture for a grater profit
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Landless proletariat
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-a worker who does not own land because of enclosures
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Population explosion (post- 1750)
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-women married early
-no plague -improvements in water quality -smallpox vaccination |
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The Cottage Industry
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-one room cottages
-work from home |
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Putting-out system
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-businesses sent materials out to peasants to make goods, then were sent back to sell
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Weaver
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-big shot
-spun textiles & threads |
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Spinsters
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-worked on looms
-5 people per loom -took a while |
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Textiles
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-cloths spun by spinsters
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Decline of guilds
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-capitalism encouraged less government regulation
-no tariffs -no monopolies |
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Spinning Jenny
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-James Hargreaves
-spun cotton |
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The mule
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-George Crompton
-cotton spinning |
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The mule
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-George Crompton
-cotton spinning |
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Holy Monday
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-after being paid, men went out to drink
-day off of work |
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The mule
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-George Crompton
-cotton spinning |
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Holy Monday
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-after being paid, men went out to drink
-day off of work |
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Mercantilism
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-increased power of the state
-government regulation |
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Navigation Acts
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-Oliver Cromwell (1651)
-British monopoly on trade -targeted Dutch |
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Navigation Acts
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-Oliver Cromwell (1651)
-British monopoly on trade -targeted Dutch |
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Anglo-Dutch Wars
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- 1652-1674
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War of Spanish Succession
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1701-1713
-France + Spain vs. Britain, Prussia, Austria, Netherlands -Peace of Utrecht -British victory |
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7 Year's War
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1756-1763
-Austria, Russia, France vs. Prussia & England -Britain gains dibs on India & gets Canada -Treaty of Paris |
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Treaty of Paris
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1763, ended 7 year's war
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Slavery in the America's
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-cheap land, demand for labor
-exploitation of blacks on plantations |
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Slavery in the America's
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-cheap land, demand for labor
-exploitation of blacks on plantations |
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Atlantic slave trade/Triangular Trade
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-British lead
-produced commodities for European sales -forced migration of Africans -rising demand for labor |
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Slavery in the America's
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-cheap land, demand for labor
-exploitation of blacks on plantations |
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Atlantic slave trade/Triangular Trade
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-British lead
-produced commodities for European sales -forced migration of Africans -rising demand for labor |
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Creoles
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-Spanish blood, American born
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Slavery in the America's
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-cheap land, demand for labor
-exploitation of blacks on plantations |
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Atlantic slave trade/Triangular Trade
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-British lead
-produced commodities for European sales -forced migration of Africans -rising demand for labor |
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Creoles
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-Spanish blood, American born
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Mestizos
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offspring of Spanish man + Indian woman
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Slavery in the America's
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-cheap land, demand for labor
-exploitation of blacks on plantations |
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Atlantic slave trade/Triangular Trade
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-British lead
-produced commodities for European sales -forced migration of Africans -rising demand for labor |
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Creoles
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-Spanish blood, American born
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Mestizos
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offspring of Spanish man + Indian woman
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Debt patronage
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-holding slaves under very little pay
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Adam Smith
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-Scottish professor
-introduced capitalism -no government regulation! |
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Adam Smith
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-Scottish professor
-introduced capitalism -no government regulation! |
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Capitalism
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-individual profit
-no government regulation! -free enterprise -no tariffs |
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Wealth of nations
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-written by Adam Smith
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