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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is ALS? |
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also called Lou Geurig disease, occurs when upper and lower motor neurons are destroyed. Free radicals and superoxide can strip electrons from proteins, lipids or nucleic acids thereby destroying their functions and resulting in cell dysfunction or death. |
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What is Parkinson's disease? |
Muscular rigidity resulting from defective inhibition of some of the basal nuclei by the substantia nigra (big dark nucleus located in the midbrain) which regulates motor function. Parkinson's is caused by the death of dopamine containing neurons in the substantia nigra. |
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What is Aphasia? |
Damage to the language areas of the cerebral cortex (all in the cerebrum). Most common cause is a stroke. |
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What are the types of Aphasia? |
The type of aphasia depends on the site of the lesion. Receptive aphasia- is caused by a lesion in the Wernicke area. Anomic aphasia- is caused by the isolation of the Wernicke area from the parietal or temporal association areas Both Jargon aphasia and Conduction aphasia result in a lesion in the tracts of the Wernicke and Broca areas. Expressive/broca aphasia- is caused by a lesion in the broca area. |
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What is Amorphosythesis? |
Hemisphere dominance, is caused by a severe lesion in the left parietal lobe, taking away a person's ability to recognize the right side of their body. |
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What is multiple sclerosis? |
MS- is an autoimmune disease that results in the demylination of CNS neurons, which become sclerotic or hard. The immune system eats away the protective covering of nerves and can effect your brain, spinal cord and the optic nerves in your eyes. Often accompanied by optic neuritis (inflammation of the optic nerve) Can cause problems with vision, balance, muscle control and other basic functions. The damage means your brain cant send signals through your body correctly. |
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What is Alzheimer's disease? |
Severe type of dementia which involves a general decrease in brain size, resulting from loss of neurons in the cerebral cortex. Characterized by amyloid plaques- localized axonal enlargements of degenerating nerve fibers. |
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What is Huntington's disease? |
Causes progressive degeneration of basal nuclei (brain/nerve cells). Affect movement, mood and thinking. |
