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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Mechanism of indomethacin? Used to treat which heart condition?
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PG synthesis inhibitor... Used to induce closure of a PDA
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Eisenmenger's?
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Change from left-to-right shunt
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Where is ACE made in the body?
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Endothelial cells of pulmonary capillaries
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How does hypoxia affect systemic arterioles?
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Causes them to dilate
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Left parasternal heave?
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RVH
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T or F? Removing a parallel resistance increases the total resistance.
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True
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Which syndrome is frequently associated with the ostium primum type of ASD?
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Down syndrome
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60 y/o cardiology patient - what does S3 indicated?
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CHF
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Most likely reason for widened pulse pressure?
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Arterial hardening due to arteriosclerosis
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Initial alteration leading to atherosclerosis?
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Injury to endothelial lining
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Ductus arteriosus is derived from which aortic arch
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6
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How does increased stroke volume affect pulse pressure?
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Widens it
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Biggest pressure drop in the vascular system?
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Arterioles
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T or F? Loss of arterioles is a long term consequence of HTN..
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True
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Radiation of the murmur of aortic stenosis?
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Neck
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Name the disease: erythema migrans, fever, chills, joint pains, AV block
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Lyme disease
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Rate of an independent ventricular beat?
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~40
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Prinzmetal's?
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Angina due to coronary artery spasm occurring during rest
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Adenosine levels in ventricular hypertrophy?
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Increased - ATP is being converted to adenosine
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Dressler's syndrome?
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Autoimmune phenomenon resulting in fibrinous percarditis and chest pain several weeks after a myocardial infection
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In acute hemorrhage, which blood vessels are responsible for minimizing the decrease in mean systemic filling pressure?
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Veins and venules
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Which conditions could cause sharp, stabbing chest pain?
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Pericarditis and dissecting aortic aneurysm
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MSFP? Normal value?
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Mean circulatory filling pressure - 7 mmHg
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Sudden excruciating pain between shoulder blades in a patient with hypertension?
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Dissection
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Describe the murmur of aortic regurgitation?
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Diastolic, high pitched, blowing, best heard along the left sternal border
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Decreased arterial pressure, increased systemic venous pressure, and a small quiet heart...
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Cardiac tamponade
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Which arch gives rise to the internal carotid artery?
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Arch 3
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T or F? ASDs are caused by incomplete adhesion between the septum primum and septum secundum...
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T
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Which shunt direction causes cyanosis?
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Right-to-left
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Ostium primum type of ASD results from failure of...?
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Of the septum primum to fuse with the endocardial cushions
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What is the most common etiologic agent of infective endocarditis in IV drug abusers?
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Staph aureus
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T or F? Femoral vein is lateral to the artery?
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False. Medial
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This causes myocarditis and dysmotility of hollow organs, such as the esophagus, colon, and ureter.
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Chagas
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Sphenopalatine artery is the terminal branch of...?
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Maxillary artery
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When does the fetal heart start to beat?
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4 weeks
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Which bug is associated with colon cancer, bacteremia and endocarditis?
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Strep bovis
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Epicardium aka?
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Visceral pericardium
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Endomyocardial fibrosis with hypereosinophilia aka?
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Loeffler endocarditis
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Scattered mesenchymal cells in a prominent myxoid background - this occurs as a single lesion in the left atrium that may intermittently obstruct the mitral valve
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Atrial myxoma
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Myxoid degeneration of mitral valve leaflets...
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Mitral valve prolapse
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Monckeberg arteriosclerosis aka?
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Medial calcific sclerosis
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Which type of pericarditis is associated with post-MI?
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Fibrinous and serofibrinous pericarditis
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30% of patients with polyarteritis nodosa have which viral infection?
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Hep B
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Massive dilation of the aortic root with an absence of atherosclerotic vessel lesions strongly suggests...?
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Syphilitic aneurysm
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Give the disease name for congenital defective LDL receptor?
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Familial hypercholesterolemia
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Cystic hygromas are a feature of...?
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Turner (Webbed neck)
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Fragile X is associated with which valvular problem?
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Mitral prolapse
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Occasional autopsy heart finding in SIDS?
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RVH
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What % of Down syndrome patients have congenital CV disease?
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20%
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Leukocytoclastic angiitis is aka?
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Hypersensitivity angiitis
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Most common cardiac anomaly in Down syndrome?
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Endocardial cushion defect
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Which defective protein is made in Marfan?
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Fibrillin
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Polyarteritis nodosa affects which blood vessels?
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Small, medium sized muscular arteries
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Which antiarrhythmics decrease SA node automaticity, increase AV node refractoriness, and decrease AV nodal conduction velocity?
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Type II - Beta blockers
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Which antihypertensive can cause dyslipidemia and AV block?
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Metoprolol
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Captopril - what class of drug?
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ACE inhibitor
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Most common adverse effect of niacin?
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Flushing
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Diltiazem - class of drug?
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Ca channel blocker
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Rate limiting step in cholesterol synthesis?
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HMG-CoA ---> Mevalonic acid
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Which agents are used as first-line in HOCM?
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Beta blockers
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This illicit drug blocks NE uptake?
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Cocaine
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Amlodipine - type of drug?
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Ca channel blocker
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Beta blockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity..?
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Acebutolol and pindolol
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This agent can control rapid Afib and Aflutter..
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Diltiazem
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Drug-induced lupus?
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QCHIMP drugs
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Anti-HTN drug for a pregnant woman?
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Methyl-dopa
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List the beta 1 (cardioselective) blockers?
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A BEAM - acebutolol, betaxolol, esmolol, atenolol, metoprolol
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Which Ca channel blocker could exacerbate CHF?
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Verapamil
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Phentolamine?
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Antagonist at alpha-1 and alpha-2 receptors
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Which drugs prolong repolarization, widen the QRS, and prolong the QT?
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K+-channel blockers
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Drug-induced gout?
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Thiazide diureticsq
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WPW tx?
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Ibutilide - Class III
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Afib stabilization?
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Diltiazem
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T or F? Thiazide diuretics decrease the excretion of calcium?
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True
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Treatment of HTN in a woman with diabetic nephropathy and hyperuricemia?
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ACE inhibitor
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