Ancient Greece

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“Man is the measure of all things.”
Humanity vs. Barbarians

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Detail of the Aphrodite of
Knidos

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Geometric Period
c. 900-700 BCE

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Geometric Period
c. 900-700 BCE

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Geometric, Centaur, c. 900 BCE, clay

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Geometric, Bronze Horse, c. 8th century BCE,
bronze

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Geometric, Man and Centaur, c. 750 BCE, bronze

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*Funerary Vase (Krator) from the Dipylon Cemetery, Athens, c. 750-700 BCE
a grave marker; funerary rituals are recorded in 2 registers
Geometric period, terra cotta
Slip, libations

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Geometric Amphora with
“Funeral Scene”

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Geometric Kantharos with Procession

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Orientalizing, Kore, c. 640 BCE,
marble

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Orientalizing, Vase (onoichoe), c. 600 BCE,
ceramic with Black figure decoration

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Standard elevations: three Greek architectural orders

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*Archaic, Temple of Hera I, Paestrum, Italy, c. 550 BCE
dedicated to hera, queen of the god; used Doric order. Fluted columns without bases. cushion-like capitals. painted terracotta decotration remains

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orders

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Archaic, Temple of Artemis elevation, c. 600-580 BCE, Corfu

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Archaic, The Gorgon Medusa, detail from
the pediment of the Temple of Artemis,
Corfu, c. 580 BCE, limestone

Perseus

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Archaic, Zeus and Kronos, c. 600-
580 BCE, Temple of Artemis, Corfu,
limestone

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Archaic, Standing Youth (Kouros),
c. 580 BCE, marble kore=female ; kouros=male

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*Archaic, Anavysos Kouros, c. 530 BCE,
Marble (Krisios) ; standing males, clenching fists, arms and legs are freed to look more energetic. Archaic smile (closed smile) enliven the expressiveness

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Archaic, Berlin Kore, c. 570-60 BCE, marble

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*Archaic, Peplos Kore, c. 530 BCE, marble; once wore a crown and jewelry, she is wearing a garment painted w a frieze of animals identifying as goddess; missing arm could have held something revealing identity.

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Archaic, Kore from Chios, c. 520 BCE
marble, encaustic, chiton

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Basic styles of Greek vessels for daily and ceremonial usage
Red and Black Figure ware
Incising, kiln, reduction

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Archaic, Amasis Painter, Dionysus with Maenads, c. 540, black figure decoration

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Archaic, Exekias, The Suicide of Ajax, c. 540 BCE,
black figure amphora

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*Archaic, Achilles and Ajax Playing a Game,
c. 540 BCE, black figure ware

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Archaic, Exekias, Ajax Carrying the Body of
Achilles, c. 540, Black figure ware

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*Early Classical, The Kritian Boy, c. 480 BCE, marble
contrapposto (standing figures with opposing alternations of tension and relaxxation around central axis) ; life-like; self-content seriosness; arcadian smile,

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*Early Classical Warrior A (Riace Warrior),
c. 460-450 BCE, bronze; used to have a shield & spear, could have been part of victory, perhaps against persians

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Warrior B, Riace

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Early Classical, Pan Painter, Artemis Slaying Actaeon, c. 470 BCE, red figure ware

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Portrait Bust of Pericles, Roman copy of a
Greek original from ca. 430 BCE, marble

Peloponnesian Wars (c. 461-445 BCE)
Pericles (r. 462-429 BCE)

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Acropolis, Athens, Greece

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Reconstructed model of the Acropolis, Athens, Greece, ca. early 5th century
Pheidias

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*High Classical, Kalikrates and Iktinos, The Parthenon, the Acropolis, Athens, Greece, ;
c. 447-438 BCE entasis (the columns have swelling then tilt inward) ; cella and perityle plans;

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Alma-Tadema, Pheidias and the Frieze of the Parthenon, 1868, oil on canvas
(“reconstruction” of the Parthenon interior frieze)

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High Classical, Sculpture from the East Pediment, The Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens, Greece,
marble ca. 438-432 BCE

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High Clasical, Images of Lapiths and Centaurs from the Metopes of the Doric frieze, the
Parthenon Marble, ca. 440s BCE

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High Classical, Images from the Ionic Frieze (Left: maidens, right: horsemen), Parthenon,
c. 447-32, marble

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High Classical, Temple of Athena Nike,
Acropolis, Athens, c. 440 BCE

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*High Classical, Nike (Victory) Adjusting her Sandal, c. 5th century BCE, marble;

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Stepenhoff, The Virtuoso, watercolor on paper, 1833
(View of the “Elgin Marbles” at the British Royal Academy)

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*High Classical, Polykleitos, Doryphoros,
Mature Classical, 450-40 BCE marble

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High Classical, The Achilles Painter,
Lekythos, red figure ware with white
ground

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Late Classical, Praxiteles, Hermes and the
Infant Dionysos, copy of 4th century original
ephebe

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*Late Classical, Praxiteles, Aphrodite of Knidos, c. 350 BCE, marble, Roman copy
Venus pudica pose; preparing to take a bath

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*Alexander the Great Confronts Darius III at the Battle of Issos, copy of wall painting from
Ca. 310 BCE/Late Classical (original painted by Philoxenos of Eretria)

Macedonia

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Detail of Alexander from Alexander the
Great wall painting

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Lysippos (?), Alexander the Great, copy of an
Original ca. 4th century BCE, marble, 16”

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*Hellenistic, Altar from Pergamon (Reconstruction), modern Turkey, ca. 166-159 BCE, marble

Pergamene Style, Ionic colonnade

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Hellenistic, Athena Attacking the Giants, detail of the frieze from the Altar from Pergamon,
ca. 164-156 BCE, marble

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Hellenistic, Epigonos, Dying Gallic Trumpeter, c. 220 BCE, marble, Roman copy

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Hellenistic, Drunken Old Woman, c. 200 BCE,
marble

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Hellenistic, Old Woman, c150 BCE,
marble

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*Hellenistic, Nike (Victory) of
Samothrace, c. 190 BCE, Marble

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Hellenistic, Aphrodite of Melos, c. 150 BCE/
Hellenistic, marble

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Praxiteles, Aphrodite of Knidos