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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tibialis Anterior [ANT] |
S: fusiform
R: lateral to Tibia shaft, passes med and ant to med malleolus, most superficial O: lat surface of upper 2/3 Tibia & ant surface of intmembrane, descends and passes beneath superior and inferior retinacula I: med & sup surface of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal N: deep peroneal nerve (L4, 5) A: dorsiflexion & inversion of foot, postural for balance |
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Extensor Hallucis Longus [ANT] |
S: fusiform R: immediately deep to Tibialis Anterior and EDL, partly between them O: mid 1/3 med Fibula shaft & ant surface of intmembrane, passes ↓ where tendon comes to surface, deep to retinacula to medial side of dorsum I: base of distal phalanx of great toe N: Deep Poroneal nerve (L4, 5) A: dorsiflexion (extension) of great toe, cont'd = dorsiflex foot |
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Extensor Digitorum Longus [ANT] |
S: pennate, splits into several tendons R: deep to Tibialis Anterior, slightly superficial to O: upper 3/4 of med Fibula shaft & ant surface of intmembrane, fibres pass ↓ and splits into 4 tendons - med 3 receive insertion of EDB I: forms dorsal digital expansion into which corresponding Interossei and Lumbricals are inserted - divided into 3: central attaches to base of mid phalanx, other 2 joing together to insert into base of distal phalanx N: Deep Peroneal nerve (L4, 5) A: dorsiflexion (extension) of toes, cont'd dorsiflexes foot |
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Peroneus Tertius [ANT] |
S: pennate, considered 5th tendon with EDL R: often missing, deep to EDL O: lower 1/3 med Fibula shaft & ant surface of intmembrane, passes ↓ where tendon comes to surface, deep to both retinacula I: base of 5th metatarsal on dorsal surface N: Deep Peroneal nerve (L4, 5) A: weak dorsiflexor of foot, assists eversion |
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Peroneus Longus [LAT] |
S: fusiform R: mostly lat to Fibula shaft before passing behind lat malleolus, passes forwards till Cuboid then changes direction and passes beneath sole of foot obliquely O: upper 2/3 lat Fibula shaft & its head, descends and passes beneath sup peroneal retinacula and around lateral malleolus, (shares common sheath with Brevis) passes forwards along lat surface of Calcaneus, passes below inf peroneal retinacula and passes underneath Cuboid in its groove where it is contained in another sheath, passes obliquely under sole of foot I: lateral & plantar surface of medial Cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal N: Superficial Peroneal nerve (L5, S1) A: eversion over several joints at once, sling in supporting foot arch, balance |
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Peroneus Brevis [LAT] |
S: fusiform R: immediately below & deep to Longus, its tendon lies ant where the 2 passes behind lat malleolus O: lower 2/3 of lat Fibula shaft, passes ↓ where tendon comes to surface, passes deep to superficial retinacula, more ant to Longus tendon I: base of 5th metatarsal N: Superficila Peroneal nerve (L5, S1) A: eversion with Longus, balance |
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Gastrocnemius [POST-SUP] |
S: bicipital (2 heads), they combine and are joined by fibres of SOleus at Tendo-calcaneus R: most bulky & superficial, over Soleus, over 2 joints posteriorly (ankle and knee) O: Med head - popliteal surface of Femur above med condyle. Lat head - lat surface of lat Femoral condyle & lower part of lateral supracondylar line. Fibres of both heads descend and passes ↓, joining together halfway down leg forming thick and strong Tendo-caclaneus (15cm). Med fibres pass further down than ones from lat head I: via Tendo-calcaneus into roughened mid 1/3 of post surface of Calcaneum, lower 1/3 covered by fibro-fatty pad of heel, upper 1/3 covered with bursa N: branches of Tibial nerve (S1, 2) A: plantarflexion, eccentric manner when landing, powerful actions, knee flexion |
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Soleus [POST-SUP] |
S: broad flat bipennate, considered tricipital muscle - Triceps Surae R: immediately below & deep to Gastroc, posterior to Tibia and Fibula, passes over ankle joint only O: Med fibre - Soleal line & upper part of medial border of Tibia. Lat fibres - posterior upper 1/4 of Fibula and its head. Fibres pass ↓ and obliquely from either side I: anterior part of Tendo-calcaneus N: Tibial nerve (S1, 2) A: plantarflexion, closer to ankle so has less mech adv, not as powerful as Gastroc, used more in walking, postural |
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Plantaris [POST-SUP] |
S: small fusiform, extremely long tendon R: sandwhiched between Gastroc and SOleus, posterior to knee joint, overlies oblique popliteal ligament O: lower part of lateral supracondylar line & oblique popliteal ligament I: med side of Tendo-calcaneus N: Tibial nerve (S1, 2) A: accessory to Gastroc, often used for tendon transplants |
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Popliteus [POST-DEEP] |
S: flat & triangular R: posterior to knee joint, lies in popliteal fossa, most superior of deep group, deep to gastrocnemius, deep to LCL of knee O: depression in lat surface of lat Femoral condyle below LCL, descends from med to lat and spreads out, attached to posterior of lat meniscus and post capsule I: triangular area above Soleal line on post asp of Tibia N: Tibial nerve (L4, 5 - S1) A: knee flexion, keeps post part of lat meniscus and capsule from being pinched during knee flexion |
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Tibialis Posterior [POST-DEEP] |
S: roughly pennate R: deepest in deep group, squeezed between FDL & FHL O: post asp of intmembrane & post borders of Tibia & Fibula, fibres descend forms long tendon pssing behind med malleolus in groove which it shares with FDL, which lies posterior to it, passes forwards into solfe of foot, pesses beneath small flexor retinaculum and superficial to deltoid ligament, passes below plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring) I: tubersoity of navicular, numerous slips to other tarsal bones (except Talus) N: Tibial nerve (L4, 5) A: plantarflexion of foot, inversion (with Tib Ant), strong inversion = anatomical snuff-box |
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Flexor Hallucis Longus [POST-DEEP] |
S: roughly pennate R: lateral side of deep group, lower than Tib Post, deep to Soleus O: lower part of post Fibular shaft & adj post surface of intmembrane, tendon runs obliquely overlying Tib Post and grooves the post surface of lower Tibia and post Talus, angles forwards grooving sustentaculum tali, enters sole of foot I: base of distal phalanx of great toe on plantar surface after passing between 2 sesamoid bones N: Tibial nerve (S2, 3) A: great toe flexion, cont'd action = plantarflexion of foot |
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Flexor Digitorum Longus [POST-DEEP] |
S: roughly pennate R: medial side of deep group, lower than Tib Post, deep to Soleus O: post Tibial shaft, below Soleal line & medial to Tib Post, tendon passes post and crosses TibPost tendon and shares course around med malleolus, it is encased in its own synovial sheath, passes med to sustentaculum tali and into sole of foot and crosses FHL passing a slip to it I: splits into 4 tendons lying in flexor sheaths, each tendon inserts to base of distal phalanx of lat 4 toes on plantar surfaces, after passing between split arrangement of FDB N: Tibial nerve (S2, 3) A: toe flexion, cont'd = plantarflexion of foot, FDL & FHL keeps toe pads firmly on ground when push-off - larger base of support, stabilizes head of metatarsals |
