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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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which two cranial nerves are extensions of the brain and therefore covered by meninges?
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- I & II
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are cranial nerves part of the CNS or PNS?
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- 3-12 are part of the PNS, they just have cell bodies within or outside the CNS (just like spinal nerves)
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where in the meninges do the cranial nerves run before they pierce the dura to exit?
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- run in the subarachnoid space
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which cranial nerves carry paraympathetics?
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- III, VII, IX, X
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what artery runs in the optic canal?
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- opthalmic artery - branch of internal carotid
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where do the cell bodies of the optic nerve lie?
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- in the retinal ganglion
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where does light from the lateral part of the eye go? medial?
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- lateral crosses over to medial & goes back to opposite side
- medial crosses over to lateral and stays on same side |
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where does the optic nerve synapse to send information back to the cortex?
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- the lateral geniculate nucleus
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what are the 3 nuclei associated with the optic nerve?
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- lateral geniculate nucleus
- olivary pretectal nucleus - accessory oculomotor nucleus (parasympathetic neurons) |
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where do the cell bodies for CNIII live?
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- in the oculomotor nucleus
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what does CNIII innervate?
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- superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, levator palpebrae superioris
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where do the parasympathetics for CNIII synapse? how do they travel? what do they innervate?
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- ciliary ganglion
- fibers travel from accessory oculomotor nucleus & go on oculomotor nerve to ciliary ganglion (following inferior division of oculomotor nerve) - innervate sphincter pupilae & ciliary muscle |
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what might loss/slowness of pupillary reflex indicate?
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- may indicate brainstem damage or bleeding that compresses CNIII against petrous ridge
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what do CNIV & CNVI innervate? which ones does not go through the tendinous ring?
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- CNIV - superior oblique (IV does not go through ring)
- CN VI - lateral rectus |
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what are the 3 divisions of the trigeminal nerve?
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- opthalmic (becomes supraorbital)
- maxillary (becomes infraorbital) - mandibular (becomes mental nerve) |
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which branches of the trigeminal give off meningial branches & tentorial nerve & ethmoidal branches?
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- V2 does meningeal branches
- V1 gives off ant & post ethmoidal branches, tentorial nerve |
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what are the 3 branches of V1?
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- frontal
- lacrimal - nasociliary |
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what are the 4 branches of V2?
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- zygomatic
- infraorbital - posterior superior alveolar - descending palatine |
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what are the 4 branches of V3?
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- buccal
- lingual - inferior alveolar - auriculotemporal |
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which branch of the facial nerve has motor components? which muscles does it innervate?
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- V3
- innervates: lateral & medial pterygoid, temporalis, masseter, anterior belly digastric & myelohyoid, tensor veli palatini & tensor tympani (dampens sound) |
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where does the facial nerve exit the skull?
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- stylomastoid foramen
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what are the 7 branches of the facial nerve?
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- temporal
- zygomatic - buccal - posterior auricular - facial nerve - cervical - mandibular |
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what additional muscles are innervated by CNVII?
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- stylohyoid, posterior belly digastric, occipitalis, stapedius
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where does the chorda tympani exit? where does the greater petrosal nerve exit?
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- petrotympanic fissure
- comes out of hiatus in the facial canal |
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where does the greater petrosal nerve synapse? where does chorda tympani synapse?
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- greater petrosal goes to pteryopalatine ganglion --> lacrimal & nasal & palatine glands
- chorda tympani goes to submandibular ganglion --> goes to sublingual & submandibular salivary glands, also does taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue |
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who does the chorda tympani jump onto to innervate the anterior 2/3 of tongue?
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- follows nerves from the geniculate ganglion (sensory) in V3
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who does sensory & taste to the posterior 1/3 of tongue?
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- glossopharyngeal
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what is the only motor branch of the glossopharyngeal?
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- stylopharyngeus
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where does the tympanic nerve travel?
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- travels in the tympanic canaliculus (between carotid canal & jugular foramen)
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where do lesser petrosal nerves synapse?
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- synapse at the otic ganglion, post ganglionic fibers follow auriculotermporal V3 to the parotid
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all muscles of the tongue are innervated by the hypoglossal except for which one?
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- palatoglossal which is innervated by X
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