Chapter 4: American Revolution

Front 1

March 5th , 1770

Back 1

Boston Massacre

Front 2

July 4th, 1776

Back 2

Signing of the Declaration of Independence

Front 3

December 26, 1776

Back 3

Battle of Trenton

Front 4

October 19, 1781

Back 4

Surrender at Yorktown

Front 5

April 19th, 1775

Back 5

Battle of Lexington and Concord

Front 6

September 3, 1783

Back 6

Signing of Treaty of Paris

Front 7

committee of correspondence

Back 7

formed throughout the colonies as a means of coordinating action against Great Britain

Hint 7

one of the first steps towards an independent government)

Front 8

minutemen

Back 8

members of well-prepared militia; companies of select men from the American colonial Partisan militia during the American Revolutionary War

Front 9

martial law

Back 9

an extreme and rare measure used to control society during war or periods of civil unrest or chaos by military force

Front 10

Stamp Act

Back 10

Colonists had to have a special stamp on all documents, and pay stamp duties on cards and dice

Hint 10

purchase special paper stamped by the government on every legal document, license, newspaper, pamphlet, and almanac

Front 11

Sons of Liberty

Back 11

secret group formed by Boston shopkeepers, artisans, and laborers to harass customs workers, stamp agents, sometimes royal governors; prevented many stamps from being sold

Hint 11

group united by anger and defiance and founded by Samuel Adams

Front 12

Townshend Acts

Back 12

Tax on imported glass, lead, paper, and paint; also included a 3 penny tax on tea, which was the most popular drink in the colonies

Hint 12

Indirect tax passed by Parliamebt in 1767 due to the boycott of the Stamp Act

Front 13

propaganda

Back 13

biased or misleading information used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or poing of view

Front 14

Boston Tea Party

Back 14

A political protest done by the Sons of Liberty on December 16th 1773; colonists dressed as Indians and dumped British tea into the Boston Harbor

Front 15

Intolerable Acts

Back 15

Act that shut down the Boston Harbor because colonists refused to pay for the damaged tea (from the Boston Tea Party), authorized British commanders to house soldiers in vacant private homes and other buildings (Quartering Act), issued martial law (rule imposed by military force), and elected a new governor, Thomas Gauge

Hint 15

Also known as the Coercive Acts

Front 16

Tea Act

Back 16

Act passed by Britain which allowed the East Indian Tea Company have more benefits with selling tea over the colonial tea companies

Hint 16

DID NOT TAX TEA

Front 17

First Continental Congress

Back 17

A meeting met in Carpenters' Hall in Philadelphia, which consisted as 56 colonial delegates from 12 of the 13 colonies (did not include Georgia); wrote a Declaration of Colonial Rights- listed rights as Englishmen, and cited their oppositions to the Sugar, Townshend, and Coercive Acts

Hint 17

held September 5th-October 21st 1774 (before Battle of Lexington and Concord)

Front 18

Second Continental Congress

Back 18

meeting met in Pennsylvania State House in Philadelphia (delegates from all 13 colonies attended), some insisted on fighting for independence while others wanted to remain loyal to Britain (early actions resembled an independent government)

Hint 18

established May 10th 1775 (after Battle of Lexington and Concord)

Front 19

Olive Branch Petition

Back 19

A document sent by the Second Continental Congress to King George III, proposing a resolution between the colonies and Great Britain (was rejected by the King)

Hint 19

July 8th 1775

Front 20

Common Sense

Back 20

An anonymous 50-page pamphlet written by the colonist Thomas Paine to attack King George III

Front 21

Yorktown

Back 21

Where Colonel William Fontaine of the Virginia militia stood with the American and French armies on Oct. 19th 1781, to witness the formal British surrender

Front 22

Treaty of Paris, 1783

Back 22

confirmed U.S independence and set the coundaries of the new nation; the United States now stretched from the Atlantic Ocean to the Missippi River and from Canada to the Florida border

Front 23

Saratoga

Back 23

General John Burgoyne leads British troops south from Canada; Burgoyne lost repeatedly to Continental Army and American militia which caused him to surrender to General Horatio Gates once surrounded

Hint 23

known as the turning point in the war b/c it proved Americans could defeat British troops

Front 24

Valley Forge

Back 24

site of Continental Army's winter camp (1777-1778); patriots were able to become tougher and monitor the British troops in Philadelphia

Front 25

inflation

Back 25

an increase in prices or decline in purchasing power caused by an increase in supply of money

Front 26

profiteering

Back 26

the settling of goods in short supply at inflated prices (ripping people off due to increased prices)

Front 27

Trenton

Back 27

Where the Americans fought the Battle of Trenton (December 26, 1776) and won; first time the Patriots went on offensive side and were victorious (later influenced Battle of Princton)

Front 28

loyalist

Back 28

A colonist who supported the British government during the American Revolution

Front 29

patriot

Back 29

A colonist who supported America's independence from Britain

Front 30

Fort Ticonderoga

Back 30

Henry Knox took his men on a month journey to get the 56 cannons and other guns in order to bring them to Boston(first Cambridge) to give them to Washington

Front 31

Hessians

Back 31

paid German mercanaries hired by the British to fight for them

Front 32

Declaration of Independence

Back 32

The document written by Thomas Jefferson in 1776 in which the delegates of the Continental Congress declared the colonies' independence from Britain

Front 33

direct tax

Back 33

tax placed directly on the government

Front 34

indirect tax

Back 34

tax placed on store owners (which causes them to raise prices to make profit)

Front 35

martyr

Back 35

one who dies for their beliefs

Hint 35

Crispus Attucks

Front 36

John Hancock

Back 36

President of the Second Continental Congress and first signer of the Declaration of Independence

Front 37

William Dawes

Back 37

patriot who delivered the news of the Btitish plan to attack to the colonists at Lexington and Concord

Front 38

Samuel Prescott

Back 38

one of the patriots sent to deliver the news at Lexington and Concord; was captured by British