Chapter 7: The American Revolution

Front 1

Battle of Bunker Hill

Back 1

Fight in June 17, 1775 that showed how unclear it was to determine whether most Americans favored independence and if they would fight.

Front 2

Continental Army

Back 2

main rebel military force, created by the Second Continental Congress in July 1775 and commanded by George Washington

Front 3

Lord George Germain

Back 3

A tough-minded British statesman charged with colonial affairs who wanted to subdue the rebellion by force.

Front 4

Loyalists

Back 4

supporters of the king and Parliament and knows to the rebels as "tories"

comprised mostly of people who owed their jobs to Britain, people who wanted to be against rebel enemies, and recent emigrants from Britain.

Front 5

July 4, 1776

Back 5

Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence

Front 6

Women of the Army

Back 6

wives of poor men who joined the army and cooked, washed clothes, buried the dead, and looked for clothing and equipment

Front 7

March 1776

Back 7

setback for British army; Washington's barricade strategy made the British evacuate Boston

Front 8

General William Howe

Back 8

British official in charge of overseeing the war

Front 9

Lord George Germain

Back 9

British official in charge of overseeing the war

Front 10

Admiral Lord Richard Howe

Back 10

General William Howe's brother, head of naval operations in America

was reluctant to fight because he hoped for reconciliation

Front 11

Hessians

Back 11

German soldiers who fought with the British Army during the American Revolution

Front 12

January 7, 1777

Back 12

With 3,000 men, Continental Army attack Hessians in Trenton which leads to British surrender in Princeton, New Jersey

Front 13

Militia

Back 13

local defense band of civilians comprising men between the ages of 16 and 65 whose military training consisted of gatherings called musters

Front 14

Saratoga, New York

Back 14

John Burgoyne (British) surrenders his British troops to General Horatio Gates (American)

With the win, the rebels convinced France that Americans could win

Front 15

February 1778

Back 15

Americans and French sign treaty which a year later Spain joined

Front 16

Sir Henry Clinton

Back 16

replaced William Howe as commander in chief and withdrew from Philadelphia to New York

Front 17

Mutiny

Back 17

refusal of rank-and-file soldiers to follow the commands of their superior officers

Front 18

Lord Charles Cornwallis

Back 18

sieged Charlestown in May 1779

played major role in British victories, but finally surrendered in Yorktown in October 19,1781 which ended the war.

Front 19

Partisan Warfare

Back 19

armed clashes among political rivals, typically involving guerrilla fighting and the violent intimidation of civilian militias

Front 20

Nathaniel Greene

Back 20

Rhode Islander who restored order to the troops

he divided his army but joined forces with Morgan (militia leader) against Cornwallis and stopped Cornwallis in Hillsboro, North Carolina.