Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Normal temperature |
36.4 - 37.2 (rectal) 36.6 - 37.2 (axillary) |
|
|
Sites of temperature measurement |
In decreasing order of sensitivity Oesophageal cavity Tympanic membrane Rectum Oral cavity Axilla |
|
|
Sepsis |
SIRS plus evidence of infection |
|
|
SIRS |
Syndrome characterized by 2 or more of the following: Temp >38° or <36° Tachypnea RR >24 cpm Tachycardia HR >90 bpm Leukocytosis >12000/, leukopenia <4000 or >10% band form |
|
|
Conditions associated with pulsus paradoxus |
Airway obstruction Acute severe asthma Massive pulmonary embolism Pericardial tamponade |
|
|
Conditions associated with collapsing pulse |
Aortic regurgitation Patent ductus arteriosus Hyperdynamic states: thyrotoxicosis, anaemia, pregnancy, wet beriberi, fever |
|
|
Causes of elevated JVP |
Right heart failure Congestive cardiac failure Constrictive pericarditis Cardiac tamponade Renal disease with salt and water retention Over transfusion Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Tricuspid valve disease Pulmonary embolism Right ventricular infarction Superior vena cava obstruction |
|
|
Kussmaul's sign |
Kussmaul's sign is a paradoxical rise in jugular venous pressure (JVP) on inspiration, or a failure in the appropriate fall of the JVP with inspiration. It can be seen in some forms of heart disease and is usually indicative of limited right ventricular filling due to right heart dysfunction. E.g in constrictive pericarditis & cardiac tamponade |
|
|
Causes of displaced Apex beat |
Cardiomegaly Mediastinal shift from tension pneumothorax, massive pleural effusion, large mediastinal masses Scoliosis |
|
|
Causes of impalpable Apex beat |
Obesity Muscular subjects Asthma Emphysema Dextrocardia Pericardial effusion |
|
|
Heave in the left parasternal area indicates |
Right ventricular hypertrophy |
