4H Horse Bowl - Senior - Category D

Front 1

Distinguish between an unsoundness and a blemish in horses.

Back 1

Unsoundness is an abnormal deviation in structure of function that affects the serviceability of the horse. Blemishes include abnormalities that doe not affect the serviceability of the horse.

Front 2

What is the cause of enterotoxemia?

Back 2

toxins produced by clostridium peringens type D bacteria

Front 3

excessive granulation tissue rising out of and above the edges of a wound is called what?

Back 3

proud flesh

Front 4

what does renal disease affect?

Back 4

kidneys

Front 5

what type of spavin is usually due to arthritis of the lower joints of the hock?

Back 5

jack or bone spavin

Front 6

explain the condition known as exercise induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH)?

Back 6

bleeding through the nose due to bursting of small blood vessels in the lungs, especially after physical exertion

Front 7

what are the names of the three layers of the uterus?

Back 7

serous layer, myometrium, endometrium

Front 8

a horse who toes in and is a bit base narrow will travel with what motion fault?

Back 8

paddle

Front 9

what name is given to the condition in which the coronary hair of the hindfoot is hit by the toe of the forefoot as it breaks over?

Back 9

scalping

Front 10

name of the type of colic resulting from a blockage of the intestinal tract with normal ingesta or with foreign material?

Back 10

impaction

Front 11

name the condition simply defined as an inflammation of the laminae of the foot.

Back 11

laminitis

Front 12

name 2 unsoundnesses of the horse's hocks.

Back 12

thoroughpins, bone (jack) spavin, bog spavin, occult spavin capped hock, curb

Front 13

what disease is caused by a streptococcus equi infection?

Back 13

strangles/ distemper

Front 14

what is ossification?

Back 14

cartilage changing to bone

Front 15

what is the common conformational fault of the rear limbs that pulls a strain on the plantar ligament, leading to a curb?

Back 15

sickle hock or cow hocks

Front 16

what is the name given to an inflammation of the bursa?

Back 16

bursitis

Front 17

where would you find an osselet?

Back 17

fetlock joint

Front 18

what is another name for laryngeal hemiplahia?

Back 18

roaring

Front 19

what inflammation affecting the fine membrane that lines the chest and covers the lungs is known as what?

Back 19

pleurisy/ pleuritis

Front 20

what genetic disease is clinically described as a failure to produce blood clotting factor, bleeding into joints, and a development of hematomas?

Back 20

hemophilia A

Front 21

what genetic diseas is clinically described by a failure to form certain tyoes of nerve calls in the intestinal tract where the foal dies of colic within several days of birth?

Back 21

lethal while foal syndrome

Front 22

what is the genetic disease clinically referred to as the skin being hyperelastic and easily stretched and traumatized?

Back 22

connective tissue disease

Front 23

what term is used to describe a disease of a muscle?

Back 23

myopathy

Front 24

what is the toxin that blister beetles contain?

Back 24

cantharidin

Front 25

what does the drug lasix treat in racehorses?

Back 25

exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhaging (bleeders)

Front 26

give another name for blood poisoning

Back 26

septicemia

Front 27

define goiter

Back 27

enlarged throid gland in the neck, just behind the angle of the jaw, resulting from the inability to make sufficient thyroxin. usually due to an iodine deficiency.

Front 28

what is the name of an injection of bacteria or viruses which have been modified or inactiated so as not to cause disease in the horse?

Back 28

vaccination

Front 29

what disease will a pituitary tumor result in?

Back 29

cushing's syndrome

Front 30

what is the common name for equine infectious anemia?

Back 30

swamp fever

Front 31

what is the purpose of neurectomy?

Back 31

eliminate pain reception from a body part

Front 32

what is a myopathy?

Back 32

a term used to descibe disease of a muscle

Front 33

what is a condition in which cerebrospinal fluid accumulates, causing the head to enlarge, and the central nervous system to be abnormal?

Back 33

hydrocephalus (water head)

Front 34

what is the name of a condition where there is an unusually high level of fat in the blood?

Back 34

hyperlipemia

Front 35

what is the scientific name for sleeping sickness?

Back 35

encephalomyelitis

Front 36

a newborn foal suffering from isoerythrolysis must not receive what from the dam?

Back 36

colostrum: the mare and foal have different blood types and the antibodies in the colostrum will attack the foals red blood cells.

Front 37

describe the condition "stifled"

Back 37

the patella locks and causes the leg to remain in the extended position. the stifle and hock are unable to flex.

Front 38

what is exostosis?

Back 38

a benign bony growth projecting outward from the surface of a bone; abnormal growth of the periosteum.

Front 39

what are the three types of equine encephalomyelitis?

Back 39

venezuelan (VEE) eastern (EEE) and western (WEE)

Front 40

what is another name for equine periodic ophthalmia?

Back 40

moon blindness

Front 41

the name commonly used to describe the inflammation and enlargement of the growth plates of the long bones in rapidly growing horses is called what?

Back 41

epiphysitis

Front 42

what is the common name for parascaris equorum?

Back 42

ascarids

Front 43

give the more common name for olecrannon bursitis.

Back 43

shoeboil or capped elbow

Front 44

what is the name for a lower respiratory infection located in the bronchii?

Back 44

bronchitis

Front 45

what is the name of an infection located in the lungs and characterized by the walls of the alveoli being irratated and filled with fluid?

Back 45

pneumonia

Front 46

what is another name for nosebleed?

Back 46

epistaxis

Front 47

what is another partial or complete esophageal obstruction called?

Back 47

choke

Front 48

name the inflammation at the front of the cannon bone associated with excessive concussion.

Back 48

bucked shins

Front 49

what is the meant by the tern "scratches"?

Back 49

dermatitis of the back of the fetlock and pastern -also called grease heel

Front 50

what is a quittor?

Back 50

a deep-seated running sore at the coronet or hoof head.

Front 51

describe the condition called stifled.

Back 51

when the patella of the stifle joint has been displaced.

Front 52

the encephalomyelitis viruses are classified as what?

Back 52

togaviradae

Front 53

after a horse has received the two recommended doses of toxid vaccine (3 to 4 week apart), what vaccination program is recommended to prevent tetanus?

Back 53

booster injection with toxoid annually

Front 54

what are the symptoms of white line disease?

Back 54

wall separation, brown specks next to the white line, and lame when the hoof wont hold a shoe on.

Front 55

what is referred to by the obel grades?

Back 55

the severity of lameness due to founder

Front 56

what type of colic is due to muscular contractions of the intestinal tract and may be associated with overexcitement?

Back 56

spasmodic colic

Front 57

laminitis is defined as the inflammation of the what?

Back 57

pedal laminae

Front 58

what is the normal length of infection once horse is infected with equine infectious anemia?

Back 58

the rest of the horses life

Front 59

what is any coggins-positive horse a threat to other horses?

Back 59

there is no effective treatment or vaccination for equine infectious anemia

Front 60

what human disease is comparable to EIA?

Back 60

HIV

Front 61

excessive and involuntary, spasmodic flexion of the hock during sharp turns, while backing, or in forward movement is called what?

Back 61

stringhalt

Front 62

what is gonitis?

Back 62

an inflammation of the stifle joint

Front 63

what is a gravel?

Back 63

condition which is usually caused by penetration of the protective covering of the hoof by small bits of gravel or dirt.

Front 64

what is another name for chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder?

Back 64

heaves

Front 65

the unsoundness characterized by a very painful inflammation of the periosteum on the front of the horses cannon bones is referred to as what?

Back 65

bucked shins

Front 66

name the organ affected by heaves

Back 66

lungs

Front 67

what neurological disease is caused by the soil inhabitant known as clostridium tetani?

Back 67

tetanus

Front 68

what part of the horse does a shoe boil affect?

Back 68

elbow

Front 69

name four types of open wounds

Back 69

incisions, lacerations, tears, punctures, penetrating wounds, abrasions

Front 70

what disease, first recognized in maryland in 1979, is characterized by diarrhea, founder, colic, fever, and a high mortality rate?

Back 70

potomac horse fever

Front 71

an inflammation of the small navicular bone and bursa of the hoof, often characterized by lameness, a short shubby stride, and pointing of the affected foot while standing, may denote what disease?

Back 71

navicular disease

Front 72

what does brownish-green color urine indicate in the horse?

Back 72

jaundice and liver problems

Front 73

what is a deep-seated sore that drainsat the coronet and causes severe lameness called?

Back 73

quittor

Front 74

does stringhalt affect the front or hind legs?

Back 74

hing legs

Front 75

what does the acronym COPD stand for?

Back 75

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Front 76

what term describes an action defect characterized by excessive by excessive lateral shoulder motion on a very wide fronted horse?

Back 76

rolling

Front 77

what part of the body in the horse does uveities affect?

Back 77

the eye

Front 78

name the unsoundness that is characterized by a soft swelling in the natural depression on the inside front portion of the horses hock.

Back 78

bog spavin

Front 79

what type of horses are referred to as cod blooded?

Back 79

draft breeds

Front 80

what is the most common cause if a tooth infection in the horse?

Back 80

bacterial decomposition of feed trapped in tubular structures in the center of the tooth called the infundibula.

Front 81

desrcibe one early symptom of neonatal septicemia.

Back 81

decreased appetite,general weakness ; mild dehydration; weak sucking reflex; fever.

Front 82

which strain of equine encephalomyelitis has the lowest mortality rate?

Back 82

western equine encephalomyelitis

Front 83

what term describes a cloudy or inflamed condition of the horses eye that disappears and returns in cycles?

Back 83

moon blindness

Front 84

what common test done a horses blood is an agar gel immuno-diffusion test?

Back 84

coggins test

Front 85

what is trimethorprium sulfadiazine?

Back 85

an antibiotic

Front 86

explain the difference between a jack spavin and a bone spavin.

Back 86

jack spavin- bony enlargement of the hock and bog spavin- soft swelling of the hock capsule

Front 87

what disease is characterized by an acute upper respiratory tract infection caused by a specific herpes virus that may also cause abortion?

Back 87

equine viral arteritis (EVA)

Front 88

what is the common name for the equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy?

Back 88

wobblers

Front 89

name six classifications of unsoundness.

Back 89

conformational; health induced; congenital; acquired/injury; reproduced/breeding; working;' systemic; head related, body

Front 90

name the conditions found in growing foals whose joint whose joint cartilage does not properly differentiate.

Back 90

osteochondritis dissecans (OCD)

Front 91

name four types of colic

Back 91

spasmodic colic, impaction; incarceration; displacement; excessive fermentation

Front 92

what is the media name for over eating disease?

Back 92

enterotoxemia

Front 93

name two insect vectors that infect horses with the harbronemia parasite.

Back 93

house flies and stable flies

Front 94

exertional myopathy, azoturia, and rhabdomyolysis are all names for what syndrome?

Back 94

typing-up

Front 95

what is the common name for aynchronous diaphragmatic flutter, a disease that most commonly affects endurance horses?

Back 95

thumps

Front 96

name two of the three major diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract of foals.

Back 96

meconium impaction, diarrhea, and gastric ulcers

Front 97

what is the primary portal for infection in the foal?

Back 97

the umbilicus

Front 98

what is the most common immunologic problem that occurs in neonatal foals?

Back 98

failure of passive immunoglobulin transfer