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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What may be one of the earliest indicators of the need for oxygen therapy?
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A change in the patient's respiratory rate or pattern.
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A decrease in the arterial oxygen tension in the blood is termed ____(hypoxia/hypoxemia) while a decrease in oxygen supply to the tissues is termed ____(hypoxia/hypoxemia).
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Hypoxemia- a decrease in arterial oxygen tension in the blood;
Hypoxia- a decrease in oxygen supply to the tissues |
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True or False:
The initiation of oxygen is a nursing intervention, it does not need a physician's order. |
False: Oxygen is a medication, and except in emergency situations it is administered only when prescribed by a physician.
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What is oxygen toxicity?
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When too high a concentration of oxygen (greater than 50%) is adminsitered for an extended period (longer than 48 hours).
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True or False: Your diet can effect your breathing (other than obesity).
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True: Antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C, and beta-carotene may help defend against oxygen free radicals.
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What type of hypoxia is caused by inadequate capillary circulation?
a) histotoxic b) anemic c) circulatory d) hypoxemic |
c) circulatory
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What type of hypoxia is caused by a decreased oxygen level in the blood resulting in decreased oxygen diffusion into the tissues?
a) histotoxic b) anemic c) circulatory d) hypoxemic |
d) hypoxemic
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What type of hypoxia is caused when a toxic substance, such as cyanide, interferes with the ability of tissues to use available oxygen?
a) histotoxic b) anemic c) circulatory d) hypoxemic |
a) histotoxic
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What type of hypoxia is caused by decreased effective hemoglobin concentration, which causes a decrease in the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood?
a) histotoxic b) anemic c) circulatory d) hypoxemic |
b) anemic
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The level of PEEP that allows the best oxygenation without hemodynamic compromise is known as ____ ____.
a) vital PEEP b) maximum PEEP c) total PEEP d) best PEEP |
d) best PEEP
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In many patients with COPD, what is the stimulus for respiration?
a) a decrease in blood O2 b) an elevation in CO2 c) depression of lung expansion d) a drop in pulmonary circulation |
a) a decrease in blood O2
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How is oxygen-induced hypoventilation prevented?
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By administering oxygen at low flow rates (1-2 L/min) and by closely monitoring the respiratory rate and the oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry.
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What additional intervention should be taken when oxygen is used at high flow rates to prevent it from drying the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract?
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The oxygen should be moistened by passing it through a humidification system (i.e. attaching a humidifier).
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Do low-flow systems have the patient breathe just oxygen, or oxygen and room air mixed together?
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Low-flow systems have the patient breathe some room air along with the oxygen.
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True or False: Low-flow systems deliver a measured and controlled amount of oxygen to the patient.
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False: The amount of inspired oxygen changes as the patient's breathing changes.
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In contrast to low-flow systems, how is the amount of oxygen delivered different in high-flow systems?
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High-flow systems provide the total amount of inspired air. A specific percentage of oxygen is delivered independent of the patient's breathing.
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If you wanted a constant and precise amount of oxygen delivered to the patient, would you chose a low or high flow system?
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high flow
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When a patient is inhaling through a partial-rebreathing mask, where is air drawn from? Check all that apply:
a) the mask b) the bag c) room air |
a,b,c
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When exhaling through a partial-rebreathing mask, where does the exhaled air go?
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1/3 goes into the reservoir bag and the remainder is vented out through the exhalation ports.
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Why would it be benificial for 1/3 of the exhaled air in a partial-rebreathing mask to fill the reservoir bag?
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Because this the air exhaled is from maily dead space and does not participate is gas exchange in the lungs therefore it has a high O2 concentration.
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How is a non-rebreathing mask different from a partial-rebreathing mask?
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A value blocks exhaled air from entering the reservoir bag, and another value blocks room air from entering the exhalation ports.
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Do you want the reservoir bag of a partial-rebreathing mask and non-rebreathing mask to remain inflated or deflated?
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inflated
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What is the most reliable and accurate method for delivering precise concentrations of oxygen through noninvasive means?
a) partial-rebreathing mask b) non-rebreathing mask c) Venturi mask |
c) Venturi mask- it is constructed in a way that allows a constant flow of room air blended with a fixed flow of oxygen
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Why is the transtracheal oxygen catheter a less expensive and more efficient method of oxygen administration?
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Because the catheter is inserted directly into the trachea so no oxygen is lost into the surrounding environment, the patient achieves adequate oxygenation at lower rates.
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How does the demand oxygen delivery system save oxygen?
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It interrupts the flow of oxygen during exhalation when it is otherwise mostly wasted.
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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is the administration of oxygen at pressures greater than __ atmosphere(s) causing (more/less) oxygen to be dissolved in the plasma?
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1 atmosphere; increasing the amount of O2 dissolved in the plasma.
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How are the functional cilia in the respiratory tract affected in the elderly?
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The number is reduced.
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How can a decrease in functional cilia in elderly patients affect them?
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Decreased ciliary action means a decreased cough reflex.
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Why is the chest wall compliance decreased in the elderly?
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As a result of osteroporosis and calcification of the costal cartilages.
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According to the home care checklist, what 2 departments should be notified when a person is using oxygen in the home?
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The fire department and the electric company.
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According to the homecare checklist, how far from matches, candles, gas stoves, or other source of flames should an oxygen tank be stored?
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at least 15 feet
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According to the homecare checklist, how far from appliances should an oxygen tank be stored?
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5 feet
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According to the homecare checklist, how long in advance should you notify an airplane carrier of your need for oxygen?
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at least 2 weeks
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When using an incentive spirometer, do you suck in or blow out into the mouth piece?
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You such air in through the mouth piece.
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What must a patient be able to do before they can use a mini-nebulizer?
a) walk a short distance b) cough forcefully c) hold their breath for 5 seconds d) be able to take a deep breath |
d) be able to take a deep breath
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Why might a patient being discharged be instructed to practice breathing by holding their breath for a few seconds at the end of inspiration?
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It help to increased intrapleural pressure and reopen collapsed alveoli.
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What other breathing technique other than holding your breath, help to increased intrapleural pressure and reopen collapsed alveoli?
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Pursed-lip breathing
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What type of breathing is now used rarely because of its inherent hazards, which include pneumothorax, mucosal drying, increased intracranial pressure, hemoptysis, gastric distention, vomiting with possible aspiration, psychological dependency, hyperventilation, excessive oxygen administration, and cardiovascular problems?
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IPPB therapy ( Intermittent Positive -Pressure Breathing
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What is IPPB (Intermittent Positive-Pressure Breathing)?
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A form of assisted or controlled respiration in which compressed gas is delivered under positive pressure into a person's airway until a preset pressure is reached.
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During postural Drainage, which lobes, the lower or upper are recommended to be drained first?
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The lower lobes first.
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How is a person instructed to breath during postural drainage?
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Breathe in slowly through the nose and out slowly through pursed lips.
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Why is a person instruced to use pursed lip breathing during postural drainage?
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To keep the airways open so that secretions can drain while in each position.
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What is the person instructed to do while changing positions during postural drainage?
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Cough to remove secretions
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What can the nurse do if the patient is unable to cough during position changes in postural drainage?
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The nurse can suction the secretions mechanically.
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What is vest therapy?
What is it used for? |
An inflatable vest is worn, which uses air pulses to compress the chest wall 8-18 times per second. It causes secretions to detach from the airway wall, enabling the patient to expel them by coughing.
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Why is vest therapy considered more effective than manual percussion?
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It is more gentle and acts on all lobes of the lung at the same time.
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What position must a person wearing a vest be in for effective therapy?
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They can be in any position.
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True or False: A person undergoing vest therapy may continue to perform light activity during therapy within the length of the compressed air hose.
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True.
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