Abstract – Photocopiers make use of Toner (powder) to form the latent electrical image on the electrostatically charged drum. The paper has to slide over the drum during Xerography process and hence it picks up the toner. Vague issues cause the non-picking of toner particles (approximately 10%) and they are left over the drum. This non-picked toner is termed as Waste Toner (WT). As it adversely affects the quality of proceeding copies, this has to be removed from the drum. A cleaning blade made of synthetic material removes WT formed over the surface of the drum and it gets deposited in the cleaner sump. This WT cannot be further reused as the quality of the copier and copy will also be reduced. Non bio-degradable metal – plastic materials are
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1. SEM analysis of Waste Toner & Fig. 2. SEM analysis of HBT [Colours not enhanced]
From the Fig. 1. SEM analysis of Waste Toner, it can be understood that the surface of the particles become so abuse. So this leads to poor surface contact with paper. Added to this the blackening effect in photocopies is reduced to greater extent under practical investigations.
The above specified image in Figure 2 SEM analysis of HBT (Case 3 @ 0.1% of Carbon Black Nano Powder) shows the distinct external morphology changes in the particles of HBT. The CBNP is well adhered to the surface of HBT. This property increases the surface contact of HBT with paper and blackening effect in photocopies.
9. EDAX Analysis
Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis is widely used technique to analyse the chemical composition of a material under SEM. X-ray data is processed to obtain the percentage of each measured element in the individual particles.
Table. 2. Hybrid Black Toner – Case 1
Element Apprx. Conc. Intensity Corrn. Weight % Weight% Sigma Atomic %
C K 95.47 0.9286 86.06 0.78 71.92
O K 21.73 0.5159 22.95 0.85 22.17
Si K 00.48 0.8430 00.30 0.09 00.16
Ca K 00.52 1.2031 00.30 0.09 00.15
Fe K 30.50 0.8555 20.34 0.46 05.60
Total
1. SEM analysis of Waste Toner & Fig. 2. SEM analysis of HBT [Colours not enhanced]
From the Fig. 1. SEM analysis of Waste Toner, it can be understood that the surface of the particles become so abuse. So this leads to poor surface contact with paper. Added to this the blackening effect in photocopies is reduced to greater extent under practical investigations.
The above specified image in Figure 2 SEM analysis of HBT (Case 3 @ 0.1% of Carbon Black Nano Powder) shows the distinct external morphology changes in the particles of HBT. The CBNP is well adhered to the surface of HBT. This property increases the surface contact of HBT with paper and blackening effect in photocopies.
9. EDAX Analysis
Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis is widely used technique to analyse the chemical composition of a material under SEM. X-ray data is processed to obtain the percentage of each measured element in the individual particles.
Table. 2. Hybrid Black Toner – Case 1
Element Apprx. Conc. Intensity Corrn. Weight % Weight% Sigma Atomic %
C K 95.47 0.9286 86.06 0.78 71.92
O K 21.73 0.5159 22.95 0.85 22.17
Si K 00.48 0.8430 00.30 0.09 00.16
Ca K 00.52 1.2031 00.30 0.09 00.15
Fe K 30.50 0.8555 20.34 0.46 05.60
Total