According to McMillian, validity is when a measure actually measures what it is supposed to measure. For example, in my field study, if I am measuring the ability of a student to speak or understand words I must focus on the attainment of words and not the student’s behavior because the results will not be valid. 9. “An operational definition indicates how the concept is measured or manipulated, that is, what “operations” are performed to measure or manipulate the variable.” (…
A Formative assessment will monitor students’ knowledge to provide continuing feedback that can be used by teachers to advance their teaching skills and by students to improve their knowledge. Summative assessment is “The goal of summative assessment is to evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit” Norm-Referenced - Compare student test scores to another group of “Norm-referenced tests report whether test takers performed better or worse than a hypothetical average student, which is determined by comparing scores against the performance results of a statistically selected group of test takers, typically of the same age or grade level, who have already taken the…
General Information The Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) was developed by Leslie C. Morey Ph.D. in 1991 and revised in 2007. It is published through Psychological Assessment Resource and is a multidimensional objective inventory designed to measure psychopathology and treatment planning for various psychopathological conditions. The current PAI form is not a revision of normative data, test form, or interpretative guidelines from the original 1991 edition. The current version reflects the revision and publication of a second edition of the PAI professional manual to describe research related to the instrument since the original publication of the manual in 1991.…
In Your Character, The Criteria of Hers, Sally Moore Nitschke expressed her thoughts about what Kappa standards are, where we could find them, and why the are so important. But first Ms. Nitschke describes how she believes each individual member of Kappa has a value system, goals, and personal objectives that are shaped by her life experiences. Because of this valued system, each individual creates a unique chapter. Nitschke expresses that, “Fraternity is a composite of these different individuals at different points of their lives bound together by the fragile ties of sisterhood. Unity in diversity is the key.”…
Test users must be aware of the content validity of the instruments they use with each of the participants; they must ensure the adequacy of the test to the ability of the examinee, and if test samples during the construction of the test were representative to the characteristics of the…
Introduction Definitions of intelligence vary among scholars, theorists, and laypersons, due to its multidimensionality. However, intelligence typically involves an individual’s ability to learn from experience and adapt to the environment in which they live. I believe that the construct of intelligence should encompass an individual’s ability to effectively communicate in both written and verbal form, to think logically, and to express creativity. Two intelligence tests in which I recently had the opportunity to take and score included the Shipley Institute of Living Scale-2 and the Wonderlic Personnel Test.…
Each administration of the test must happen in similar circumstances (Moskal & Leydens, 2000). External validity is the ability to have the results generalized to larger populations. In this case, the internal validity and construct of other portions of the test will allow for larger generalizations to be made. For example, one can state that based on our results, if a person experiences lack of knowledge in a subject he/she will have a larger probability of test anxiety. Another generalization that can be made based on the test validity is that if a correlation exists between study time and test anxiety.…
Accessing the General Education Curriculum Assessment Questions 1. What are some important steps in interpreting data from high stakes assessments? There are several important steps involved when considering facts pertaining to high stakes evaluations. To begin with we must try to find both the anticipated and unanticipated outcomes. Also, errors made by substantial numbers of learners must to be analyzed.…
With this, standardized testing should be withdrawn because, not only is it an undependable way of calculating the enactment level of a scholar, it also generates a score sensible attitude, and burdens teachers. Faculties should place emphasis more on the growth of an adolescent, rather than classification of them grounded on the results they obtain in an assessment. Standardized tests aren’t just an unreliable way of classifying, but it doesn’t encourage skills for life the adolescent will use as a necessity when developing into an adult (Popham, 1999). They really do what they are expected to do. Standardized accomplishment assessments shouldn’t be used to calculate the value of teaching.…
She states that standardized testing resulted from the No child left behind bill enacted by congress that aimed at ensuring that all children in America would attain free elementary education. Although the author was at the forefront of advocating for this system, she is now opposed to it. The testing system according to the author has been used as a means to close down schools and judge both performance of students and teachers without taking into account other factors. Ravitch states that this system requires that schools be given yearly-standardized exams to monitor the progress of the students. These tests are meant to show if students meet the adequate yearly progress goals.…
Integrated assessment utilises both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Quantitative research can be used for theory generation and qualitative research can be used for theory verification [1]. Integrated approach allows for a more complete understanding of the impact of Yoga practice on the various physiological as well as cognitive parameters [5]. Questions on emotional conditions associated with any disorder are dealt with in qualitative assessment [2]. It provides scores that can be categorized as normal, mild and severe.…
For example will assessment be initial/pre course, formative, summative or based on recognised prior learning. The assessor will need to decide the methods or activities to be used for assessment such as observations, performance evidence, discussion or witness/learner statement. How knowledge and understanding is going to be assessed also needs careful thought and could include tests, multiple choice questions, written assignment/task, a reflective journal, verbal questioning or naturally occurring evidence, all of which need to be fit for purpose and relate to the learner’s specific needs. Further considerations for assessment planning are to determine who will be assessing the learning/learner and how progress will be monitored and reviewed following feedback. 3.2 Evaluate the benefits of using a holistic approach to…
Standardized tests are not an accurate measure of a student’s academic abilities. Testing can have many different factors that occur, making it quite inaccurate. Education is a fragile matter that must not be taken lightly. Extensive thought should go into making a child’s education as stress free and effective as possible. High-stake and standardized test need to be used with caution and care in the school system because of the many things they do that eventually lead to the harm of student learning.…
Six Questions for Discussion 1. Can a researcher prove conclusively that a study has internal validity? Explain No. it is impossible to prove conclusively that a study has internal validity.…
(1) In your own words, define, then compare and contrast the different theories of intelligence that are presented in the textbook, including Spearman 's G Factor, Gardner 's Multiple Intelligences, Sternberg 's Triarchic Theory and the concept of Emotional Intelligence. Sternberg proposed that there consist three types of intelligence: analytical, creative and practical. Analytic intelligence consists of problem-solving; creative intelligence deals with new ideas, new ways of problem-solving and processing certain aspects of information; practical intelligence, in other words, "street smarts," involves the ways people get through life. In general, these three types of intelligence work systematically to solve problems.…