Introduction
When thinking about urban neighborhoods much comes to mind. Violence, drugs, crime, poverty, and assisted living are just some of the few thoughts that may fill one’s mind. Many do not think about the children and the effects that the community may have on their outlook on life. Many children that live in the urban communities are suffering from lack of safety, and this effects how they perform in school. Children that attend urban schools statistically do not do as well as children that to not attend urban public schools (Milam, 2010). This is a reality that has been studied by researchers for many years. Research suggests that in order for children to succeed and prosper in urban schools, there must be work done outside of the schools (Milam, 2012). The work starts at home with the family. That is the foundation that builds a child’s self-esteem, self-worth, morals, values, and are a model of how to treat others. After the foundation is the outside community and surroundings. Programs for children must be created, neighborhoods polices must be implemented, and taking the initiative to keep people safe from harm are all factors in which a child …show more content…
In order to conduct the research Milam used the neighborhood Inventory of Environmental Typology instrument. This instrument assesses the violence, alcohol, and other drugs use in the community (Milam, 2010). Secondly, a “School Climate Survey” was used to assess perception of safety in school, neighborhood, and perceived substance use among school peers (Milam, 2010). Also environment, school resources, school physical environment, educational values and family involvement were included in the survey (Milam, 2010).This survey was given to parents, students, and staff. Lastly the “Maryland School Assessment” was used to assess achievement in mathematics and reading (Milam,
When thinking about urban neighborhoods much comes to mind. Violence, drugs, crime, poverty, and assisted living are just some of the few thoughts that may fill one’s mind. Many do not think about the children and the effects that the community may have on their outlook on life. Many children that live in the urban communities are suffering from lack of safety, and this effects how they perform in school. Children that attend urban schools statistically do not do as well as children that to not attend urban public schools (Milam, 2010). This is a reality that has been studied by researchers for many years. Research suggests that in order for children to succeed and prosper in urban schools, there must be work done outside of the schools (Milam, 2012). The work starts at home with the family. That is the foundation that builds a child’s self-esteem, self-worth, morals, values, and are a model of how to treat others. After the foundation is the outside community and surroundings. Programs for children must be created, neighborhoods polices must be implemented, and taking the initiative to keep people safe from harm are all factors in which a child …show more content…
In order to conduct the research Milam used the neighborhood Inventory of Environmental Typology instrument. This instrument assesses the violence, alcohol, and other drugs use in the community (Milam, 2010). Secondly, a “School Climate Survey” was used to assess perception of safety in school, neighborhood, and perceived substance use among school peers (Milam, 2010). Also environment, school resources, school physical environment, educational values and family involvement were included in the survey (Milam, 2010).This survey was given to parents, students, and staff. Lastly the “Maryland School Assessment” was used to assess achievement in mathematics and reading (Milam,