Socrates concludes that justice will need to be follow in the individual, then into the community [1]. Glaucon and Socrates both make strong arguments of justice and injustice, but Glaucon may have a slight edge over the…
Argumentative Strategies of Plato vs. Aristophanes In Aristophanes’ “Clouds” and Plato’s “Apology” Socrates is satirically attacked and rationally defended respectively. The two argumentative styles of Aristophanes and Plato are on opposite sides of the spectrum. Aristophanes utilizes satire and humorous exaggerations of sophist teachings to denounce Socrates. Alternatively, Plato’s “Apology” uses logic and reason in order to defend himself against the charges brought against him.…
In this reading, Glaucon, a ‘just’ man and apprentice to Socrates, becomes disappointed with Thrasymachus’ abrupt and willingness in defeat. Glaucon, plays devil’s advocate and challenges his successor; Socrates, to a friendly debate. To start the debate of why the ‘just’ man is the best, rather than, ‘unjust’. Glaucon also discusses the best/worst life and how justice is a compromise.…
In Plato's The Republic: Book II, Glaucon wants to know what the meaning of justice is so he goes on to converse more about the just and unjust with Socrates. Glaucon starts off by saying that he believes that there are three types of classes that can define good. The first one is the things that one desires because of the consequences, the second one is the things that one wants for their own interest, and the third one is the things we want for both, the consequences and interest. What Glaucon is trying to prove to Socrates is that for humans to be unjust is more desirable than to be just and that it is reasonable for humans to think so. In this essay I will analyze Galucon's reasons to his statement and counter argue his points.…
To be just or not to be just? This is a question that the weak face as Thrasymachus views justice as the “advantage of the stronger” (Plato, The Republic, 338c). Thrasymachus’ view of justice is challenging as it benefits the rulers, and leaves the perspectives of the weaker unattended to, triggering us to ask the question: how can we find a solution to challenge Thrasymachus’ dark view of justice? Thrasymachus’ view of justice is one-sided, thus Cephalus and Polemarchus characterizes justice as the interest of the weak rather than only the strong, while Glaucon and Adeimantus entail that there is a discrepancy between the ruler’s definition of justice and the weak’s definition of justice.…
In Thrasymachus’ definition of justice, he believes it is what is advantageous for the…
Justice is something of importance to Socrates, considering the pedestal he puts it on. In the eyes of Socrates, justice is a virtue; one that’s good in its self. All the while, standing in the midst of opposition, Socrates remains firm. It is already apparent the power behind the consequences of justice. So much so, that it leads certain people, like Thrasymachus, to believe that justice’s one best and only attribute is indeed its consequences.…
In Plato's Republic transcribed by Plato, Socrates argues with Thrasymachus on the matter, is being just good and wise? Socrates asks Thrasymachus a question that eventually makes Thrasymachus rethink his position. Socrates makes the argument that justice is wise and good and injustice is ignorance and bad; however, Thrasymachus thinks alternatively in a sense that he defends injustice as being better of the two. Through Socrates’ method of elenchus, Socrates comes to the conclusion “the just has turned out to be wise and good and the unjust evil and ignorant” (The Republic 350c). Socrates arises to this conclusion because the just wouldn't want to exceed his like but the unjust would want to exceed his like and unlike simultaneously.…
Glaucon is unsatisfied with the argument between Thrasymachus and Socrates regarding Justice. Thrasymachus believes Justice is for the common good, it is not for the good for an individual, that any compromise is involved. Glaucon renews Thrasymachus’ argument, he divides the good into three classes: things good in themselves, things good both in themselves and for their consequences, and things good only for their consequences. Socrates places justice in the class of things good in themselves and for their consequences without any hesitation. Glaucon wants Socrates to prove by exploring that Justice is best, not a compromise.…
In the ancient city of Athens, Greece, there was once a discussion of great importance held between some good friends. This discussion was so important because it was the first recorded debate over the meaning of something many of us wouldn’t think to question in modern times: justice. One would not know most of the participants in the conversation by name, that is, except for one notable philosopher: Socrates. The discourse between Socrates and his friends was documented by a student of his, Plato, another well-known Athenian, in his famous book, The Republic. In The Republic the discussion began when old Cephalus offers a definition of what is “right”.…
His works resonate with critiques of democracy and the pursuit of justice. His thoughts and teachings are deeply embedded with a singular question of what does it mean to be good? Often using his mentor and teacher, Socrates as the main character and focal point of his dialogues, Plato’s writings burn with the desire of a man trying to reconcile ‘right and…
Plato was an early Greek philosopher who instituted the Academy and is most well-known for his writings of unparalleled influence. Throughout his life, Plato had written many dialogues over numerous subjects, some being justice, epistemology, political philosophy, and even theology. One of Plato’s most successful and widely read dialogues was the Republic. Before the Republic, many of Plato’s dialogues consisted of a speaker, Socrates, refuting the positions of his interlocutors, and many of the dialogues do not end with an adequate answer. However, the Republic delivers a position in which Socrates takes on justice and its relation to happiness.…
The Melians, the response of Athenians at Melos, and Pericles at his plague speech, all confirm the argument that the question of justice is at least relevant between those with unequal power. In Pericles’ case, the question of justice could influence the subjects of Athens to commit great violence against its oppressor. Justice, then, is real in that it influences action. It is absurd, then, to assert that an abstract principle like justice does not exist while at the same time admitting that it influences people; its influence is proof of its existence. Beyond this philosophical proof for the existence of justice, Athens’ own cries for justice further demonstrate the relevance and importance of questions of justice between those of unequal…
The switch to the discussion of profitability changes the scale in which justice is analyzed from justice as an overarching concept to an individual in action. From his view, justice has a key role in society but for an individual it is more profitable to be unjust. As a moral skeptic, Thrasymachus doesn’t believe justice to hold an intrinsic good. For an…
Justice: a set of values deemed "just" that are often used to establish law codes or serve as the basis for governments. And yet, despite its ability to invoke a moral high ground, the concept of justice may often go unexamined. However, in Book I of Plato's Republic, Polemarchus is forced to not only articulate a concise definition of justice, but is also forced to come to its defense in response to an inquisitive Socrates. Through the conversation between Polemarchus and Socrates, Plato forces the reader to question the traditional Greek perspective on justice and attempt to develop a new definition. Central to comprehending the conversation between Polemarchus and Socrates lies in understanding Polemarchus' notion of justice.…