Two Types Of Utilitarianism

Superior Essays
Utilitarianism
What is utilitarianism? It is a theory of normative ethics that straightforwardly identifies good or bad, moral or immoral. It answers the question with an analysis focusing on whether a particular action or type of action makes people happy, and if so, it is good. Utilitarianism asserts that the right action is the one that most increases the happiness of the most number of people involved. It produces the most favorable balance of good over evil, everyone considered. The purpose of morality in utilitarianism is to make life better, increasing the good things, and decreasing the bad things. Some examples of good things include pleasure and happiness, and, for bad things, pain and unhappiness.
In ethical theory, the morals are
…show more content…
According to utilitarianism, it is describe as quantitative.
The main goal, the duty for humans in utilitarianism, is to maximize pleasure and minimized pain. There are two types of utilitarianism as there is act and rule utilitarianism. Both of them seem to be very identical and similar but have differences as rule utilitarianism is about rules and not disobeying no rule because if it is violated then it is doing something wrong, immoral. However, act-utilitarianism is quite different and only looking at the consequences, pretty much relying on the rules of thumb.
Act-utilitarianism uses the rule of thumb specifically to determine what is right or wrong. In act-utilitarianism there is no specifically a rule of everything, it is more different, there is no necessarily something in specific to say is wrong since when there is an opportunity to make a good action, act-utilitarianism is not going to say no, because is not under a set of rules that have to be done. If a human being has the opportunity to do something not right in the eye of the rules, it is okay for utilitarianism since doing something right even though is not okay for the rules. It will not affect as much because it will have a good side effect that will benefit other. It all depends on whether more well-being is achieve. Act-utilitarianism is a theory of not killing, stealing, committing
…show more content…
It is to obey the rules no matter what, without getting the opportunity to think about it, as if is right or wrong, if is beneficial or not. There are several examples that relate to rule-utilitarianism as the yield sign that permits drivers to decide if stop or not. It is as something that they will always have to stop whether there is a car or not, because it is a rule and the rules have to be obey. however there are arguments against this rule since for example when there are no cars coming or any danger facing, people are just wasting their time in there, like the time they could have waste it somewhere else. In rule is questioning “what if everyone followed this

Related Documents

  • Superior Essays

    Ethics Of Care Essay

    • 1527 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Humans thrive on the ability to make choices and have options. Choices allow for the greatest individuals benefit and ensures that we survive by making the best decisions for our well-being. Modern society has evolved in a way where we are no longer in constant danger for our lives, but instead, are looking for ways to thrive. Utilitarianism is a well-known moral theory that bases itself on the universal principle of utility which is described as “always acting in ways that maximize happiness and minimizing harm for the aggregate”. A theory such as Utilitarianism is very attractive and makes moral sense intuitively. But there are some things that are wrong with such a vast overarching theory, such as the concept of happiness and personal relationships.…

    • 1527 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Utilitarianism principles support the idea that decisions must be based on what will benefit the largest number of people. Each person’s actions are added to the overall utility of the community impacted by those actions. Utilitarianism is focus on the net result of their actions instead of the means or motives that generated the reason for their actions. It is doing by intrinsic rewards which the personal satisfaction from benefiting others. For example, charity is one type of the utilitarianism.…

    • 861 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    What is Utilitarianism? Utilitarianism is the idea that "moral action should be about producing happiness in the world, the more happiness it produces, the better it is" (Garcia, Slide 6). The idea of Utilitarianism can be broken down into two forms; One being Act Utilitarianism and the second being Rule Utilitarianism. Act Utilitarianism is when "an act is morally right just because it maximizes overall well-being, or at least is expected to" (Garcia, Slide 6), while Rule Utilitarianism is when "actions are morally right just because they would be required by social rules that are created to promote overall well-being" (Garcia, Slide 6). In addition to Utilitarianism's break down it has a moral standard that is true to both forms, known as the Principle of Utility. The Principle of…

    • 874 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Utilitarianism is a branch of metaethics that focuses on the ideas of consequences, self interest, and unbiasedness. Instead of determining if an action is moral through the immediate effects, Utilitarianism skimps over the short term and instead focuses on the long term effects of actions. Actions are no longer based on intention but, rather the overall effects from those actions determines if the parent event was morally good or bad. Utilitarianism also emphasizes the idea that an individual’s well being trumps all moral responsibilities, if a person has to steal food to eat then by utilitarianist standards this person is being morally correct despite his obvious theft. This is advantage to the ideology as it allows for a greater sense of…

    • 1026 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Utilitarianism is an approach to ethics that states that utility, also known as happiness, is inherently desirable. It examines the consequences of actions rather than the act itself, and maintains…

    • 1232 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Utilitarianism is a theory of ethics that states the moral action is the one that creates the most happiness for the greatest number of…

    • 1529 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Great Essays

    Utilitarianism is a normative philosophy of ethics that has been around since the late eighteenth century. It earliest proponents were Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. The general idea of utilitarianism is that there is no morality measurement except results. So, when one is deciding how to act, the only thing that matters is what the results of the actions are. Utilitarianism says that the actions that cause the most happiness and the least amount of unhappiness or pain are the moral acts. It does not rely on a higher power to determine what right or wrong but rather it relies on actual outcomes is. Utilitarianism also opposes egoism, or the pursuit of self-interest. Utilitarianism says that one should not consider just one’s self when…

    • 1678 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    What is Utilitarianism? Utilitarianism is a philosophical concept that holds an action to be held right if it tends to promote happiness for the greatest number of people. Utilitarian’s define the morally right actions as those actions that maximize happiness and minimize misery. Many believe that utilitarianism is an unrealistic theory. Arguments and responses to utilitarianism being too demanding have been made John Stuart Mill and Peter Singer. First, I will explain how Mill and Singer respond to the objection, and continue on with my own response on the behalf of the utilitarian.…

    • 783 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Act utilitarianism is a form of utilitarianism that says that an action is right if and only if it produces the greatest amount of happiness, and wrong if it produces more unhappiness than happiness than any other possible outcome. Act utilitarianism says that when faced with a situation one must look at the possible consequences, and act upon the one that you think will bring the most amount of happiness. The problem with act utilitarianism is as follows; this view will justify actions such as lying, and breaking the law in some situations if the outcome bring the greatest amount of happiness. If one is on a situation where you have to kill one person in order to safe 10 others, act utilitarianism would say that on this situation it is ok to kill that one person because it would bring the greatest overall happiness.…

    • 302 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Utilitarianism’s main focus is to do whatever brings about the most happiness and do least of whatever brings unhappiness. “First, the utility, happiness, and pleasure referred to are those of all persons…

    • 1041 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Utilitarianism states that good is what brings the most happiness to people. Mill also believes that people are not satisfied with just physical pleasures, but they strive to achieve pleasure of the mind as well. There are two main types of utilitarianism including act utilitarianism and rule utilitarianism. Act utilitarianism focuses on the consequences of specific actions of a human person in a particular situation and rule utilitarianism suggests that the principle of utility can be used to generate and test rules can be employed is similar situations. The assumption is that if we follow a set of rules that give us the best consequences our actions will result in the greater good for everyone around us.…

    • 901 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Utilitarianism In Lying

    • 1213 Words
    • 5 Pages

    A utilitarianism is someone who believes that the action should be done by morality. The ultimate aim is pleasure over pain. A utilitarian…

    • 1213 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Rule Utilitarianism

    • 977 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Utilitarianism is a normative theory and a teleological approach to morality. The theory states that motives do not matter and that the consequences are the only thing that should make you carry out an act. The foundation of utilitarianism is the Greatest Happiness Principle which has three sections. The hedonic principle is when morality is judged by this theory by the amount of aggregate pleasure or happiness and the least aggregate pain or unhappiness an act produces, the more morally admirable it is. Consequentialism is when the consequences of an action are used to calculate its moral worth. The better the consequences, the more moral worth the act…

    • 977 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    It looks at what is morally right and wrong and their consequences. Depending on the pros and cons of this discussion, a utilitarian would choose the option that gives the most pleasure or happiness or “maximizes utility” (Rachels). Topics that are evaluated by this can include moral codes, laws, policies, etc. One of the biggest benefits of utilitarianism is the idea that the approach makes a decision on a case-by-case basis. Classical utilitarianism can be summed up in three statements: 1. The morality of an action depends solely on its consequences. 2. An action’s consequences matter only in so far as they involve the greater or lesser happiness of individuals. 3. In the assessment of consequences each individual’s happiness gets equal consideration (Rachels). Using these three core beliefs, I will evaluate the utilitarian approach to…

    • 1747 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    There are two types of utilitarianism- extreme and restricted. According to extreme utilitarianism, when it comes to a moral problem, a person’s intentions are irrelevant. Rather than looking at the rightness or wrongness of someone’s actions, extreme utilitarianism looks at the consequences of an action. Moral rules are more like “rules of thumb”. Moral rules should be kept most of the time. However, they can be broken, if and only if, a situation arises where it would be better to break the moral code rather than keep…

    • 957 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays