The Battle of Qadisiyya, also referred to as the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah was fought in 637 C.E. near Al-Hirah, in modern Iraq, between the invading Arab army and the Sasanid Persian forces of the region. Strategically the Battle of Qadisiyya was a decisive five day engagement between expansionist Arabs and crumbling Persian control over the region. The defeat of the Persians contextualized within the wider Arab conquests of the early seventh century ultimately led to the rise of Islamic rule throughout Palestine, Syria, Persia, Egypt, Northern Africa, and Spain and is a factor which delineates the conclusion of the ancient or Roman world and commencement of the Middle Ages in Europe.
Following the successful conquests of Abu-Baker (573-634) and the rise of his successor, Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab (634-644)…