Gary L. Wells, the psychology expert, he pointed the victim or eyewitnesses will choose the person who is the most alike criminal based on the memory. Even though the real criminal’s photo is not in the photo lineup, an eyewitness would most likely pick up the most similar person through the memory. Because of the facial appearance’s similarity between Ronald Cotton and Bobby Poole such as the shape of the eyes, eyebrows, lip, and etcetera, Jennifer had chosen and mistaken Ronald Cotton who was in the lineup photo as the rapist to her case. Also, Wells explained eyewitness testimony is often unreliable and highly persuasive to the jury because of the witness could be genuinely mistaken and confidence.…
MIS101 – Assignment Template – Trimester 1, 2015 Your Name: Costa Banias Student Number: 215162709 Deakin Email: cbanias@deakin.edu.au Assignment – Part A Question 1: Provide a brief explanation of each of the following security terms and provide an example of each. (~250 Words) o Something the user is, also known as biometrics is a type of authentication system that examines person’s natural physical characteristics. There are various applications that can be undertaken such as retina scans, fingerprint scans, facial recognition and iris scans.…
Chapter 14 is titled "Pretrial Visual Identification Procedures." This refers to the process whereby eyewitnesses identify suspects of a crime. Most of these identifications are done through either a showup (where one suspect is shown to either a victim or a witness of a crime) or through a lineup (where several people are shown to a victim or witness at the same time). Eyewitness identification is not always accurate, however. Research has shown it is the leading cause of wrongful convictions.…
Even things that a police officer does can effect the memory of a witness. The way a police officer handles a witness can affect the way their memory or the outcome of the identity of the suspect. In the Anderson case, police failed to conduct a proper photo spread lineup. As Clare (2012) stated all the photos should have similar lighting, size and shades of color (para. 1). In the Anderson case the photos were not similar, the majority were black and white.…
Serves as the Subject Matter Expert (SME), and primary Advisor to a Regional Multi-County, Multi-Jurisdictional Facial Recognition and Identification Program involving 12 Law Enforcement agencies and four jail booking facilities within King, Snohomish and Peirce counties ran by the Seattle Police Department. Develops and implements program policies, briefs command staff across multiple agencies, interacts with outside privacy rights groups, researchers and law groups. Writes operational procedures and training programs for program wide usage. Represents the Seattle Police Department on the National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST)- Facial Identification subcommittee as Vice-chair in developing National Level Standards in Facial Recognition…
One of the main causes of wrongful convictions is eyewitness misidentifications. Despite a high rate of error (as many as 1 in 4 stranger eyewitness identifications are wrong), eyewitness identifications are considered some of the most powerful evidence against a suspect. Why are eyewitness identifications subject to such a high rate of error? There are numerous reasons for this: (1) witnesses are subject to high stress or anxiety; (2) the human memory tends to reconstruct incidents because humans do not have the capability to record memories like a video recorder; (3) witnesses often focus on weapons, not the identity of the perpetrator; (4) suggestive eyewitness identification procedures used by police or prosecutorial agencies; and (5) cross-racial…
Throughout completing the multiple ZAPS interactive activities, I learned a great deal about various important areas of psychological research. I reviewed topics such as student stress, emotional recognition using facial expression, personality traits, and face perception. Each ZAP activity included an exercise that closely related to the subject matter. The topics covered coincided with chapters in the textbook for psychology 200. The student stress section explained the difference between daily hassles and major life stressors.…
The textbook also discusses how eyewitness misidentifications were the single most noteworthy reason for defective proof. An example of this would be the 250 cases which caused the conviction of many innocent people. To avoid eyewitness misidentifications and wrongful convictions, the book suggests that law enforcements to use psychological research such as double blind procedures. The double-blind procedure is a lineup in which neither the police administrator nor the eyewitness knows who the suspect is. This keeps the overseer of the lineup from giving coincidental or deliberate verbal or nonverbal signs to impact the witness to pick the suspect and reduces the effect of bias.…
People act in a unique way in a job interview for a career, rather than a part time job. And they act differently with friends, and differently with family members. The use of these masks enables social success and happiness for the wielder of the…
In (Searcy, et al., 1999), participants ranging from 18-64 were asked to view a crime video, and then they were told to pick a perpetrator from a Identity parade. The older participants made false choices of the lineup than did the younger participants. The studies on…
The crucial role here plays the officer, who should choose the fillers for the fair lineup, and give the eyewitness instructions before the lineup. The eyewitnesses, in most cases, will suggest the suspect’s facial features as the main factor in identification. Thus, the police lineup should consist of the fillers with the similar appearance as the suspect, to avoid any of them standing-out in the lineup. If the actual suspect has a distinctive feature, the police should either conceal or replicate it (Zarkadi, Wade & Stewart, 2009, p.1448). This will decrease the chances of eyewitness…
Krauthammer is trying to express how the process of racial profiling is an easy thing to do for these men and women of different races due to the fact that they easily stand out based on looks and appearance. However, the fact that most security staff narrow down the possible suspects by their clothes and appearance really cannot be a valid technique. In Sam Fullwoods’ article, he completely admits by claiming at one point racial and prejudice topics such as ethnic, religious, skin-tone, and clothing test profile would not work in the…
Facial identification is attractive for law enforcement. It can be used in combination with current surveillance camera organization to hunt for know offenders. Face recognition is secret and non invasive, opposed to other biometrics like finger prints, retina scans, and iris scans. This is particularly important in combination with the law because faces are careful public. Complete photo databases from mug shots or driver’s licenses already exist.…
Civil liberties are individual rights that are designated by law. They are legal shields that protect citizens from abuses by their own government. Historically, times of war in the United States have produced situations in which the U.S. government has given national security concerns a higher priority that protection of the public’s civil liberties (American Civil Liberties 1). Americans are losing their privacy to tens of thousands of video cameras operated by private corporations and government authorities. People are being watched when they shop, drive, attend sporting events, or simply walk down the street (Smithsimon 1).…
In the end, it wouldn’t help if everyone had the same expression such as a smirk or presented worry upon their faces. To possibly make things go smoother while witnesses try to make identifications, photographs now come in to play. Police should prevent suspects with distinctive features improperly standing out (Colloff, Wade, & Strange, 2016). This could be in reference if the suspects had left black eyes with curly…