The Importance Of Eyewitness In Criminal Justice

Improved Essays
When crimes occur, police and investigative officers rely on eyewitness from people that were close to the crime scene. Eyewitnesses then rely on their memories of what occurred during the crime. An eyewitness recalls the event they might give the wrong information and details of what happened because our memories are not perfect and the identifications that eyewitness make can be fallible. Eye witness is important to investigators because they can identify suspects and provide crucial information that is not seen by everyone, but their testimonies can have significant consequences to people. An example of this would be the wrong conviction of Francisco Carrillo. In his ted talk Scott Fraser “Why eyewitnesses get it wrong” he explains why eyewitnesses …show more content…
The textbook also discusses how eyewitness misidentifications were the single most noteworthy reason for defective proof. An example of this would be the 250 cases which caused the conviction of many innocent people. To avoid eyewitness misidentifications and wrongful convictions, the book suggests that law enforcements to use psychological research such as double blind procedures. The double-blind procedure is a lineup in which neither the police administrator nor the eyewitness knows who the suspect is. This keeps the overseer of the lineup from giving coincidental or deliberate verbal or nonverbal signs to impact the witness to pick the suspect and reduces the effect of bias. These procedural changes are to enhance the accuracy of eyewitness distinguishing proof and identification among suspects. These changes have been acknowledged by the police and criminal investigations show that because of the decline of witness errors. In the ted talk “Why eyewitnesses get it wrong” by Scott Fraser, he proposes that criminal investigations need to utilize scientific research to find proof as opposed to using the eyewitness report alone to help maintain wrongful convictions. Fraser also suggests combining science with the law system to shape a more logical law system and that every one of us should be mindful excessively trust in our memories. The justice system will be fair if criminal investigations utilize psychological researches that way innocent people would not be jailed, and the right people would get punished for their

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    Gary L. Wells, the psychology expert, he pointed the victim or eyewitnesses will choose the person who is the most alike criminal based on the memory. Even though the real criminal’s photo is not in the photo lineup, an eyewitness would most likely pick up the most similar person through the memory. Because of the facial appearance’s similarity between Ronald Cotton and Bobby Poole such as the shape of the eyes, eyebrows, lip, and etcetera, Jennifer had chosen and mistaken Ronald Cotton who was in the lineup photo as the rapist to her case. Also, Wells explained eyewitness testimony is often unreliable and highly persuasive to the jury because of the witness could be genuinely mistaken and confidence.…

    • 301 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Here is how misidentification often occurs: A crime is committed, the victim claims they have a vivid memory of the perpetrator, a composite sketch is created and the victim chooses a suspect from the photo and physical lineup. The investigators think they have caught the perpetrator and done justice. They are often times wrong. Eyewitness misidentification has been known as the leading cause of wrongful conviction. A study by the Innocence projects depicts that it plays a role in 72% of wrongful convictions.…

    • 1140 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Eyewitness testimony is being able to choose the suspect out of a lineup or an array of photos. Sometimes the witnesses' testimony is not always accurate. When a witness falsely testifies they can send an innocent person to prison. An example of a case where the eyewitness testimony was incorrect was in the murder of 78-year-old Jack Sasson. The man who was convicted of the murder of Mr. Sasson was 18-year-old Kash Register.…

    • 1341 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Many cases of mistaken identifications are unintentional and have a huge negative impact on the outcome of a case. Picking Cotton portrays the importance of eyewitness identification and the way it leads to Miscarriage of Justice. It also educates readers on the unreliability of memory and witness…

    • 1147 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Eyewitness testimony that is done in the court allows the jury to hear the account of a crime from those not involved. Nevertheless, in court the eyewitness can recall everything they saw or witnessed. The way the eyewitness recalls their memory is the basis for the witness credibility influencing jury decisions. Also, when there is no DNA evidence, the eyewitness account is considered as compelling which allows evidence to be deemed as true. Inevitably, this is true when testimony is obtained directly after the incident or crime.…

    • 488 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Decent Essays

    One of the main causes of wrongful convictions is eyewitness misidentifications. Despite a high rate of error (as many as 1 in 4 stranger eyewitness identifications are wrong), eyewitness identifications are considered some of the most powerful evidence against a suspect. Why are eyewitness identifications subject to such a high rate of error? There are numerous reasons for this: (1) witnesses are subject to high stress or anxiety; (2) the human memory tends to reconstruct incidents because humans do not have the capability to record memories like a video recorder; (3) witnesses often focus on weapons, not the identity of the perpetrator; (4) suggestive eyewitness identification procedures used by police or prosecutorial agencies; and (5) cross-racial…

    • 179 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The Thin Blue Line

    • 1218 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Instead, the witness must reconstruct the event from memory, which allows the possibility of inaccuracy, even without law enforcement involvement. Despite evidence of flawed traditional eyewitness identifications, eyewitnesses are still used regularly for law enforcement as thousands of suspects are targeted each year based on eyewitness reports. As the U.S. Supreme Court has noted, "There is almost nothing more convincing than a live human being who takes the stand, points a finger at the defendant and says, 'That's the…

    • 1218 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The value of eyewitness evidence depends on how strong it is from the beginning and whether it is preserved or tested properly. If the evidence is weak then it cannot be processed as a valuable report from the crime because there can be various mistakes such as description errors or the accuracy of what happened in the crime scene. In the documentary “Murder on a Sunday Morning” (2002) the eyewitness identification in…

    • 1671 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    We swear an oath to tell the truth, but how can you if you are not certain? Thompson sent Cotton to jail for eleven years because she believed he raped her, but Pool, who looks like Cotton, was the actual person who raped Cotton. Eyewitness testimony played an important role in that case, as well as other cases. The majority of those cases were reversed, and the people were found to be innocent. Eyewitness testimony is part of the legal system that should not be very influential to the jury.…

    • 1096 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    A wrongful conviction is when an innocent person is sent to jail for a crime they did not commit. There are numerous characteristics involved in wrongful convictions but the most consistent contributors are eyewitness error, police misconduct, mistaken identity, and race. An eyewitness can be a key contributor for law enforcement or they can be a detriment. A person who witnesses a dramatic event or a crime is often called upon by law enforcement personnel to testify in court as to what he/she witnessed. Their testimony can either confirm what the prosecution is presenting against the accused or their testimony can help the defense.…

    • 511 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    INTRODUCTION Eyewitness testimony, which depends on the precision of human memory, enormously affects the result of a trail. For instance, In 1984, American College Student Jennifer Thompson was assaulted at knifepoint by a man who burst into her dorm. Amid her difficulty, Jennifer focused on everything about her aggressor so she could later precisely identify him. Soon thereafter, she worked with law enforcement to make a precise representation out of an attacker. A couple days after the fact she recognized Ronald Cotton as the attacker and chose him from an identity parade.…

    • 690 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Importance Of Eyewitness Testimony

    • 940 Words
    • 4 Pages
    • 5 Works Cited

    In conclusion, both an eyewitness and the reasonable person provide standards in the court of law that are used in determining whether to convict a suspect, as demonstrated by the eyewitness in the State v. Hendersen (2011) case. Unfortunately, both standards are based upon subjective perception. For example, human error in memory processing may decrease the accuracy in an eyewitness testimony. Research should be done on individual interpretation as it relates to an eyewitness or the reasonable person in order to prevent any wrongful…

    • 940 Words
    • 4 Pages
    • 5 Works Cited
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Essay On Wrong Conviction

    • 1304 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Literature Review Crime convictions occur every day in America. Not everyone that is convicted for a crime means he/ she did the crime. Unfortunately, in the American criminal justice system, people are convicted for crime they have not occurred. Wrongful convictions are the cause of people having convictions that they did not deserve.…

    • 1304 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Eyewitnesses are humans, who are bound to make mistakes, and are prone to the misinformation effect. The old man had heard the young man threatened his father to kill him and the woman had witnessed the young…

    • 977 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Brenton Butler Case Study

    • 1231 Words
    • 5 Pages

    In a study done by Steven D. Penrod and Brian L. Cutler, eyewitness identification was tested to find the most reliable effects on eyewitness performance. The studies that they performed indicated that jurors ' evaluations of identification evidence are heavily influenced by the confidence of the eyewitness. Unfortunately, in this case and in many other cases, the confidence of the eyewitness did not matter because he still identified the wrong man. The correlation between confidence and accurate eyewitness identification is weak (Penrod & Cutler, 1989). Because the victim’s husband was so confident in his identification, the cops did not feel obligated to find all of the evidence that they needed to prosecute Brenton.…

    • 1231 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays