The Reading Recovery program has proven to be a highly effective short-term intervention of one-to-one tutoring for low-achieving first graders. Individual students receive a half-hour lesson each school day for 12 to 20 weeks with a specially trained Reading Recovery teacher. The measurement of early literacy behaviors is as complex as the process of early literacy behaviors. Clay developed the Observation Survey of Early Literacy Achievement, which is the primary assessment tool used in the Reading Recovery program. Clay (2002) argues for continual and systematic observation of students reading behaviors over time.…
Reading is such a focal part of my life that I sometimes lose sight of the fact that many people can't do it. Aside from the more practical and obvious benefits of a more literate society, those who can read and write suddenly have a way to change their lives and their world. Literacy is a prerequisite to an education, and receiving an education is a way for those living in poverty to change their…
Introduction of Topic The basic definition that the dictionary provides for poverty is “the state of being extremely poor” (CITE). The effects of poverty can be felt in most, if not all, levels of society. In fact there are many leaders and politicians that focus a lot of their campaigns on finding a solution to poverty.…
“Why poor children are more likely to become poor readers: the early years” by Jennifer Buckingham, Robyn Beaman and Kevin Wheldall. In this literature, they discuss low socio-economic disadvantage and poor early literacy. Although, there are many other factors that can cause poor readers. This analytical proves and evaluates elements in this journal such as its claim, empirical data, and its mention of opposing sides to state its effectiveness in relaying the message.…
found that students who were poor but had high instances of interactions with their mothers reading to them performed higher on their math and reading tests. A study by Howe, Lawlor, and Propper (2012) revealed that females showed the greatest differences in health and behaviors when measured against the mother’s educational status. Higher maternal education resulted in taller height and lower body mass index (Howe, 2012). Higher maternal education was associated with lower behavior problems. However, Howe, Lawlor, and Propper (2012) found that there was no difference between socioeconomic inequalities and emotional problems and health inequalities presented by higher maternal education lowered over the course of childhood.…
Care providers encourage the parents to read out loud to their children while providing them with the tools to get started. Doctors and nurses donate their time to the program therefore the major cost of the program involves the cost of books given to children. The purpose of this program is to help children be ready to start school and with that reduce their chances of falling behind before they enter kindergarten. “By the time children from low-income families enter kindergarten, they are typically 12-14 months below national norms in language and pre-reading skills”. The Reach out and Read models considers this gap existing among children more than an individual development issue, they considered a problem for our country because if individuals cannot fully develop their potential then we, as a country are limited to compete in the global economy.…
In my life, growing up, I have felt I am different from other students attending school because I have a different background than others. I grew up in a poor family and drug/alcohol induced life. I grew up faster than a child should and my brothers practically raised me to be my own person. Statistically speaking, rich children have a better chance of completing school and continuing to a degree than poor children do. According to Julia B. Isaacs on Brookings Institution, fewer than half of the poor economic class children are ready for school at age 5.…
A factor related to being at risk includes falling into a level of poverty (Collins, M. 1996). Currently, there are a lot of children living in poverty. In 2008, about one in five children in the United States lived in a family where the annual income fell below the federal poverty line (Wight et al. 2010). These children face the likelihood of scoring low on the academic standardized exams as well as having low retention rates at school (Roscigno, 2000). As a result, they are more likely to drop out of school compared to the rest of the population (Collins, M.…
Phonemic awareness and phonics are two components of a balanced literacy program in K – 3 classrooms. Phonemic awareness is the understanding that words are made of sounds. Phonics builds on this awareness by teaching the relationships between sounds and letter-symbols. Research supports direct instruction of these components as a precursor to reading success. Commercially-published programs and books, software and apps, and numerous Internet sources can provide teachers with materials needed for a strong program of direct, explicit instruction.…
Many parents believe the education system in public schools are declining and the social environment is not healthy for their children. These are valid causes for concern so some parents take their children’s education into their own hands. According to 2003 research, roughly 16% of parents were unsatisfied with the academic instruction at the other schools and 31% of parents stated that their primary reason for homeschooling was the environment of the other schools (Doak). They raise their children at home and give them an education apart from public schools. There are roughly “2.3 million home-educated students in the United States” (Ray).…
Global Monitoring Report (2006) states, “Literacy, besides being a fundamental human right, is a foundation not only for achieving EFA but, more broadly, for reaching the overarching goal of reducing human poverty” (p. 19). The development of this document was based on an assessment of the West Gate Hills Schools performance which showed no progress in literacy for the years 2013 and 2014. Knowing the importance of literacy for human development the balanced approach to literacy will be the basis of the intervention in order to reinstate the school’s mastery performance in literacy.…
4. Expanded Educational Production: O = f(C, R, I, N, P, Z) i) Student Characteristics (C): This includes family income, parent’s education, home environment, health, etc. ii) School Resources (R): This includes per-student spending, student/teacher ratio, class size, quality of classroom teacher, educational equipment. iii)…
There is a growing consensus that our education system needs to increase the time students spend in school or school sponsored learning activities. This is especially important in low-income communities, where students may not have access to enrichment activities or academic supports outside of school. The term “extended learning time” is used to refer to everything from after-school tutoring to comprehensive school reorganizations that expand and align a wide range of academic and non-academic offerings. Some districts focus on lengthening the school day, others on adding days or even weeks to the school year.…
Education plays an important role in everyone’s future and lives; therefore, parents should make sure that their kids receive a proper education. A majority of parents would choose public school as an education for their kids. However, parents might also choose homeschooling for their kids for certain reasons. Either way, both public schooling and homeschooling have less in common than most people think. In both, students might receive the same education but go through many different physical and social aspects.…
Education is an important tool that is needed in life in order for individuals to succeed. There is no hard and fast rule in how an education is obtained, as there are many ways in which an individual can attain an education but in the United States there are several ways in which students achieve them-public schooling, private schooling and homeschooling. The first two methods of schooling are far more popular but homeschooling is on the rise in today’s world as more and more people are taking this path in order to reach success. Statistics have shown that there has been an increase of about 62% in the number of homeschooled children between the years of 2003 and 2012 (Berry 1). The mindsets of parents over the years about education have evolved…