Sonny's Blues Themes

Superior Essays
Impacts of Place
The places that make up a day to day life are surprisingly consistent. Many hours are spent at school, work, and home. Perhaps a library or store. And yet, despite the routine of the everyday life, a remarkable amount of information can be discovered using the objects found in a home or the route taken on the way to work. Because authors create specific settings specifically to mold their characters’ viewpoints, this same focus on place is magnified in fictional works. The physical place, the time period in terms of its politics and social movements, and even the sensory perceptions of the physical surroundings all contribute to what the reader understands about a character. Unsurprisingly, the settings influence the symbolism,
…show more content…
The story explores themes of imprisonment and reinvention, of love and addiction. Yet none of these themes would be possible without the settings of the story. Through the physical environment ever present in Baldwin’s Sonny’s Blues, the theme, mood, and character development of each major character is significantly influence.
From the first scene in the short story, the setting plays a major role in the character development of the narrator and the contrast between he and his brother, Sonny. The first scene has the narrator on the subway, reading a story about how Sonny has been arrested for a drug deal. The narrator 's presence in the subway literally means only that he is traveling to work in perhaps the quickest way possible in New York, but it also has a literal meaning. The narrator is moving out of Harlem, but also on with his life. He travels through life in a way that his brother, in jail or a rehab facility, does not. This movement is, therefore, both figurative and metaphorical. The narrator also works at a high school, where he teaches boys from Harlem algebra. The story signifies the narrator’s concerns about returning to youth by creating a scene which takes place in the school of his youth. As the narrator looks across
…show more content…
The narrator says that as he travels in the car, he “stared at [the newspaper] in the swinging lights of the subway car, and in the faces and bodies of the people, and in my own face, trapped in the darkness which roared outside.”(Baldwin 17) Baldwin’s use of the face in the window demonstrates how even the narrator, who has a successful job at a high school, feels trapped by the constraints Harlem places upon him as a child from a poor family. The subway tunnel moves around him, representing the world that continues to turn, while he remains imprisoned in the same place despite the impression that he is moving as well. This motif of imprisonment is common throughout the text and in continually impacted by the setting of the story. The narrator lives in a housing project, which he describes as run down and consistent with his childhood when he brings Sonny to his home. The narrator states he felt as if he was “bringing [Sonny} back into the danger he had almost died trying to escape”(15). Through this description of his home, the narrator further illustrates the themes of repetition and imprisonment as a society. The housing project, through different in name, is the same on the inside that is has been since the narrator was a child. Desptie growing up, gaining a successful job, and feeling as though he has escaped Harlem, the housing project serves to act as a reminder

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    James Baldwin’s “Sonny Blues” takes place during the jazz music era of 1957 in Harlem, New York. This story expresses the importance of a well found relationship between an older brother and young brother needing each other. The elements of character and figurative language are the most suitable elements of fiction that best describes the story “Sonny Blues”. In “Sonny Blues”, character is illustrated by the use of minor characters telling the readers of the unique qualities of the major character. The minor characters function as a foil to the major character.…

    • 590 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The children in Sonny’s Blues were terrified to grow up. In their neighborhoods, “[y]ou can see the darkness growing against the windowpanes.” (Baldwin 26) Their futures grew morbid as they matured and faced their reality. Sonny had once been one of the schoolboys with his head bumping “abruptly against the low ceiling of [his] actual possibilities.”…

    • 923 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the characterization of " Sonny’s Blues” we Have: (the older brother, Sonny: "The minor brother of the" the main character, Isabel: "The wife, the mother:" and the Mother "). Setting: "Sonny’s Blues" takes place in Harlem during the decade of 1950s. The city plays a very important role in the narrative, as part of the reason Sonny becomes drugs is escaping the sense of being caught…

    • 767 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The function of a narrator in any story is to do just that, to narrate the story. However, skilled authors realize that narrators do so much more than simply narrate: they are an essential component of how the story is expressed. Decisions such as having a third person, first person, or omniscient narrator are critical to point of view. In the case of this story, if the narrator had been Sonny himself, the story would be significantly one dimensional; having the brother narrate provides a powerful basis for comparison of life in Harlem. In the short story “Sonny’s Blues”, James Baldwin uses Sonny’s brother, the narrator, to add a layer of meaning to the story that would not exist if the story were told from a third person point of view.…

    • 1147 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    In James Baldwin’s short story, “Sonny’s Blues,” the narrator gets to redeem himself for the neglect of his younger brother. His younger brother, Sonny, found himself battling an addiction to heroin. The short story occurs in the 1950’s in Harlem. Due to the realness of the setting, the reader can apply historical context to the short story. Although “Sonny’s Blues” is not a religious story, the author, James Baldwin, uses Christian symbolism to represent the fall and redemption which the narrator withstands.…

    • 1329 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The string that ties this piece together is music. In “Sonny’s Blues” the author utilizes music to highlight the themes of a loss of innocence, suffering, and self-discovery and develop the plot. The imagery created by Baldwin deepens the text to be about so much more than just Sonny’s struggle with drugs. It helps to create an understanding of the human experience as well as encompass how a new wave of jazz music developed into a form of self-expression. Leaving at the end, a picture of hope despite the presence of…

    • 1683 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    When talking to an old friend of Sonny’s, the narrator has explained to him, many essential things about Sonny and his suffering. On the topic of Sonny’s drug addiction the narrator asks the question “Why does he want to die.” The friend explains to the narrator why Sonny does not actually want to die and the reasons for his drug consumption. While the narrator will not understand any of these explanations until the end of the story it is a step in the right direction of changing his thoughts on Sonny and drugs. Following a letter the narrator receives from Sonny after losing contact for quite some time he admits that he “begun, finally, to wonder about Sonny, about the life that Sonny lived inside.”.…

    • 813 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Unlike his brother, Sonny is not content with working a typical job and living in Harlem for the rest of his life. Sonny wants to be free of the stereotypes of his race and wants to get away from Harlem. Sonny also has a very addictive personality which causes him to have issues with drugs. Sonny’s life choices also cause a lot of misunderstanding between him and his brother. Sonny’s dream is to be a great Jazz musician.…

    • 1152 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The story “Sonny’s Blues” by James Baldwin (1957) explores the theme of suffering experienced by African Americans. It features the struggle of two brothers separated and caught in the entanglements of time, space and ideals. Both Sonny and his brother are surrounded by a world full of shadows and light, structure and antistructure. The narrator must understand his brother 's fall into drugs, while Sonny himself must recover and learn to stay afloat. Baldwin utilizes aspects of African culture and in particular the three stages of Victor Turner’s rites of passage to talk about pain and affliction done to African Americans during the 1950’s.…

    • 1307 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Through this resolution of understanding, the narrator realizes Baldwin’s central…

    • 841 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    1. Much of “Brownies” is very funny. What role does humor have in the story—and how does it relate to the decidedly unhumorous ending? The story is very humorous.…

    • 212 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In “Sonny’s Blues”, a major theme is an understanding of each other's feelings and actions is necessary for the brotherly love they reach in the end after everything they had been through. Drugs is a major focus and challenge they struggle to overcome. James Baldwin uses many forms of figurative language. One of the examples of figurative language is imagery. Baldwin uses imagery to portray a message to the audience, going in depth about certain details.…

    • 1033 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Sonny's Blues Comparison

    • 1192 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Although both stories are happened in the ghetto neighborhood, both settings are happened in the different location and under different element of inequality. In the story “Sonny’s blues”, the setting is happened in Harlem, New York. This place has predominantly African American residents. It is also a place that you can hardly find any white American. In the text, the author Baldwin describes the environment in Harlem as worst condition.…

    • 1192 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the short story “Sonny’s Blues” by James Baldwin, we see the situation through the eyes of Sonny’s unnamed brother who is narrating it and living it. The two brothers live in two different worlds, with the narrator living a mundane life of a teacher, and Sonny living a life of struggles with becoming a famous musician and his addiction to drugs. Sonny’s addiction to drugs has caused a lot of problems which not only affected his life, but also the life of his brother. In the start of the short story Sonny’s problem with his heroin addiction can already be seen take place.…

    • 1123 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Great literary fictional writers such as James Baldwin, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Bernard Malamud are able to use their experiences and backgrounds to advance the meanings of their works through literary elements such as characterization and theme. James Baldwin, author of “Sonny’s Blues,” is regarded as a highly insightful writer, with many works that provide an “unflinching look at the black experience in America” (Biography.com Editors par. 12). Baldwin was born on August 2, 1924, to a single mother in Harlem, New York, which is the same setting of his short story, “Sonny’s Blues.” In this work, Baldwin uses characterization, direct and indirect, to allow the reader to understand the struggles placed on different individuals in a community…

    • 788 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays

Related Topics