Social Strain Theory Research

Decent Essays
Robert K. Merton was an American sociologist who developed social strain theory. This theory states that social structures may pressure citizens to commit crimes. Crime may be used to reduce or escape from strain, for example, if an individuals experiencing chronic unemployment may engage in theft or drug selling to obtain money (Agnew, Scheuerman, 2015). My hypothesis on strain theory is that crime can be related to economic and educational surroundings. In order to test this theory I would use a survey questionnaire. The dependent variable would be the changes in criminal activity. The independent variables in the study would be the family income, education of the parents, family status, age of the child, sex of the child, race/ethnicity

Related Documents

  • Superior Essays

    North Memphis Case Study

    • 1428 Words
    • 6 Pages

    The crime problem will never be achieved, but it can be controlled through punishment for breaking laws. The North Memphis District will possibly continue to experience ongoing crime because of the lack of funds the government fail to invest in the community, which can make it a better environment in Memphis. The Social Disorganization, Social Control, and Strain theory attempts to express why and how crime remains in certain societies and what steps should be taken to lessen criminal behavior. Therefore, patterns of crime in cultural occurrences can greatly affect all of the theories from group to group with societal context that include time and space (Porterfield,…

    • 1428 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Wortopolis Case Study

    • 1050 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The economic recession in Wortopolis ended in 2001 after a software developer established its headquarters in Wortopolis. This company attracted many educated individuals who moved into the city. The city also experienced a growth in its tourism industry because it constructed a new amusement park. The addition of the new company and the amusement park led to the construction of others projects like hotels, restaurants, nightclubs, retail stores and casinos. These advancements helped re-vitalize the city.…

    • 1050 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Durkheim's Strain Theory

    • 126 Words
    • 1 Pages

    The last theory strain theory was introduced by Emile Durkheim. The fundamental assumptions made were that people are naturally moral, we need motivations to engage in delinquency, and variations in delinquency is a result of different reactions to different types and levels of strains that individuals/ groups experience. The basic proposition is that we would not engage in delinquency unless pressured by motivations and that social conditions can force delinquency on to people. Robert Merton eventually applied Durkheim’s approach to the condition of modern industrial societies. For a society to be functional, there must be a balance between the goals and the means to achieve these goals.…

    • 126 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Superior Essays

    In response to the multiple criticisms pinned against Merton’s Classical Strain Theory, Robert Agnew revitalized Strain theory to make it more broad and applicable. This theory shifted from the ideals that crime was caused by the unattainability of the American Dream to crime being precipitated by the inability to cope with negative affective states. Agnew noticed a miscorrelation between increasing crime between adolescent population and Merton’s Theory of Classic Strain. CST didn’t give reasoning to why crime rates among adolescents was increasing; this questioning is what initiated Agnew’s theory. Merton and Agnew had the same hypothesis, (strain causes delinquency), but different operational definitions of what strain is.…

    • 1279 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Child abuse and neglect, excessive physical punishment, negative relations among friends and negative school events can be the stimulation needed for prompting deviant behaviors. The general strain theory encompasses the belief that experiences and strains among the individuals life are why certain individuals become criminals. With this theory, criminals are not born but made. With the strain triggers, the general strain theory has been expanded to when criminal behavior will likely result from. Strains that are more likely to result in crime can be seen unjust which provokes anger, in high magnitude which generate more anger since one’s ability to cope in a nonviolent way is unsettled, associated in low social control formed from the labor market, and creation of pressure or incentive to engage in criminal coping (Riedel, Welsh, 2016).…

    • 777 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    The dependent variable is whether or not the ex-offender gets hired to work because of their criminal status (0= not hired, 1= hired). The independent variable would be the ex-offender (0= ex-offender, 1= non-offender). An ex-offender would be defined as someone who has a criminal history and/or has served time in a correctional facility. The control variables for this research would be the criminal background, gender (0= male, 1= female), race (0= caucasian, 1= african-american, 2= asian, 3= other), ethnicity (0= latino, 1= not latino) and family/friend (0= family/friends, 1= no family/friends). Criminal background could be defined as a person committing an illegal act or having been incarcerated in the past.…

    • 1874 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Strain theory has been define in varies ways, Robert K. Merton describes it as social structures/societal goals that are presented to people as what they should strive towards in order to be successful in life, but at the same time society does not provide any effective legitimate means to reach that goals (Merton, 1938, Pg.675). Those who are in the lower brackets of society, and do to the pressure that society puts on the individual it leads to those individual finding other illegitimate means of reaching that goal, which Merton defines as being in the middle/ upper class (Merton, 1938, Pg.679). In the other hand Robert Agnew argues that strain theory is more complex than such societal structure, and pressure to achieve what society…

    • 836 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Strain is defined as an overexertion or an excessive demand of resources. Strain is much like asking a student to read a book in the dark. The lack of light strains the eyes and confines the ability to read and comprehend the text. Much like lack of light may make it difficult for someone to read a book, lack of resources and opportunities makes it difficult for some individuals to achieve the goals of society. Individual juvenile strain theory is used to understand and predict criminal deviant behavior that may come in place when an individual is faced with straining circumstances.…

    • 1007 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Age And Crime Research

    • 1884 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Over the years there have been many studies looking into the predictors of crime. Many researchers have strongly correlated age, race, gender, and economic status together to find the individuals most likely to commit crimes. Studies have shown that typically, males, beginning at age 17 into their early twenties, commit crime. The fact is that a majority of these individuals are of a minority race, and from a lower economic status. Although many of these theories, for example, general strain theory, self- control theory and also social bonds theories discuss the roles of age and race to crime.…

    • 1884 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Strain theory was developed by Robert K. Merton, Merton believed there was a disjunction between socially approved means to success and legitimate cultural goals. This belief leads him to document and establish a theory to explain the different reactions and behaviors exhibited by those in response to societal pressures, strain theory isn’t a perfect application to my subjects Boone and Clyde, though it does explain some of the actions taken by the couple. Clyde Barrow had many issues in society, due to his criminal record and encounters with law enforcement officials. The actions taken by Bonnie and Clyde are understood when examining their actions from the perspective of Robert Merton. According to Robert Merton’s Typology, Bonnie and Clyde would have been classified in the Rebellion typology.…

    • 912 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Sociologists and criminologists have studied trends amongst individuals and their familes, as well as their environments, to determine what can be attributed to causing people to commit crime. These theories differ vastly, from assuming an entire environmental cause, to a genetic disposition, to a a desire to achieve more than is realistically plausible. The causes of crime are difficult to narrow down and say with complete confidence that this is the reason, but the studies have many times spanned much more than a glances worth of time in order to investigate the causes. I chose to look into two specific theories which I find to be the most interesting as well as the most realistic; culture conflict theory and strain theory – two theories…

    • 821 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Within the vast multitude of social structural theories, two stand out among all the others. Shaw and Mckay’s Social Disorganization Theory serves as a unique theory that attempts to gauge the cause of the seemingly rampant crime occurring in society. Particularly, the Social Disorganization theory references an individual’s environment as a significant factor contributing to their moral fiber and ultimately their behavior. Henceforth, those individuals who are unfortunate to have to grow in an environment that is teeming with crime and composed of those with low socioeconomic status, they are likely to follow the common trend.…

    • 1553 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    More specifically, this theory holds “crime occurs when members of the lower class experience anger and frustration over their inability to achieve success” (Siegel, p. 143). Individuals feel this way because they fail to achieve what they deem as success through traditional societal means. Considering the individual does not feel successful, the “strain” pushes them to seek other means for success, such as criminal activities. Understanding the background of the strain theory is valuable in order to understand the main concept. Inspired by the Great Depression, Robert K. Merton developed the first major strain theory, which explains why the concept primarily focuses on an individual 's inability to achieve monetary success (Agnew, p. 30).…

    • 1771 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Crime Control Problem

    • 1024 Words
    • 4 Pages

    In a city that is being overrun but crime, making policies is not an easy thing to do. Throughout the city gangs are roaming the street, windows are barred up to keep people out at night, public schools are struggling to keep the youth in the system, and teen pregnancy is out of control. At its current rate, this city will not be able to function much longer unless major changes take place. When solving any problem, the first step is figuring out the cause. Crime can be caused by many things and after this source is identified, the solutions are easier to discover.…

    • 1024 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    What is strain theory? Throughout history criminology,has used strain theory to explain and understand crime. Strain theory states that society may be pressuring citizens to commit crimes. Based on the work of Émile Durkheim, Strain Theories have been remodeled and improved upon by people such as Robert King Merton , Richard Cloward , Albert K. Cohen, and Robert Agnew, Lloyd Ohlin , Neil Smelser and Rosenfeld Steven, Messner and Richard. Strain may consist of either structural or individual.…

    • 1197 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays