Extended Real-Identity Model

Improved Essays
The Internet is a vastly growing network that allows individuals from around the world to connect and learn from each other. Social Media in particular is one of the main avenues of such connection and with 1.65 Billion users per month of Facebook alone (Facebook, 2016), not including the multitudes of other social media sites, it is clear to see that this new phenomenon is one that necessitates study. Social media and Facebook in particular allows for the creation of an online identity that may be controlled and catered for through the application of status updates and photos. On the other hand, one’s personality is thought to be constructed of five traits or scales under the Big Five Factor Model that includes openness, conscientiousness, …show more content…
(2010), specifically the permanence of the competing hypotheses of idealized virtual-identity hypothesis and the extended real-life hypothesis. It was demonstrated that in particular individuals that were more extraverted would greater employ Facebook as a means for expressing and communicating real personality. It therefore determined that individuals use social media as an extension of their social lives rather than as a means of establishing a new online identity. However in contrast to this, Ross et al. (2009) was the first to have looked at the relationship between Facebook and personality traits and that found there were few significant results for personality variables. What they were able to gather were that extraverted individuals would be involved in greater numbers of groups, introverted individuals would be more likely to use the wall and individuals high in openness had a positive correlation with online sociability. This gives only a slight indication that individuals reflect their natural personalities online due to the lack of significant findings. But the limitations of this study must also be considered, including the small sample size, the constrained sample retrieval location and the relative maturity of the study as Facebook has evolved in the communicative tools it …show more content…
It followed previous research in exhibiting the positive correlation between extraversion and frequency of Facebook use but also showed the association of neuroticism, agreeableness and extraversion with prevalence of self-presentation using social media. In particular, the motivations of neurotic individuals was examined as high neuroticism was one of the best predictors for online expression, aligning itself with Correa, Hinsley and de Zuniga (2010), stating that due to the fact they often experience social difficulty, Facebook was an avenue of meeting their needs for belonging and self-presentation not available offline. This coincided with the extended real-life hypothesis as demonstrated by Back at al. (2010). The limitations of this study included that of the subjective nature of the self report method as well as the dependent measures employed in this study as they were created specifically for the study and were not well-established in their reliability and

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    In Clive Thompsons ““I 'm So Totally, Digitally Close to You”, it is evident that social media has indisputably become a significant part of modern communication and relationships. Even though there are many positives to networking, it is easy to get caught up in everything social media has to offer. According to a study conducted by Marketing Charts, people between the ages of 18 and 34 spend almost 4 hours on social media every day! The ability to distinguish what society values and what we our selves’ value is the key in how we aspire and seek our good life. It is easy to lose a sense of identity when we spend so much time investing in what’s going on outside our bubble.…

    • 1292 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Computers in Human Behavior, 29(3), 997-1006. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2012.12.028 The study conducts a telephone survey in order to figure out the differences of social media usage among various generation cohorts. The researchers mainly focus on three kinds of social media, including Facebook, blogs and forums. The results manifest that people use different kinds of social media to meet their different socio-psychological needs.…

    • 1272 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the article “Is Facebook Making Us Lonely”, Stephen Marche discusses the effects and utility of network in people’s life. Marche establishes how Facebook is making us more isolated and replacing deep connections from society. He also demonstrated that isolation is an option in which we are blinded pushed towards by social networking. As stated by Marche, the things that you post in Facebook are a reflection of yourself.…

    • 1112 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    As previously stated, technology effects human behavior. In the 21-century, technology has become a major component in our everyday lives. Constantly checking social networking sites to upload pictures or to change a personal status from a electronic device has been shown to affect our behavior tremendously. Our behavior and demeanor has been influenced heavily by the way we have easy access to interact on social media. Junko Yamamoto and Simeon Ananou suggest that individuals who are addicted to social networking may have narcissistic behaviors.…

    • 307 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Decent Essays

    In her Los Angeles Times article “Teenage Social Media Butterflies May Not Be Such a Bad Idea,” Melissa Healy argues that parents whose teenagers spend lots of time on social media may not have to worry as much because research shows that those who spend lots of time on social media are mentally healthier and more comfortable with their social skills than those who do not. She supports her claim by first making a connection between how similar teenagers’ behaviors online is to how they interact offline, with alike characteristics and level of closeness. Then, she describes how the digital world is “ultimately a tool’ for kids today with opportunities to deal with social norms, communicate with others and create their own identities. Towards…

    • 236 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Roberts, “Implications of User Choice: The Cultural Logic of ‘MySpace or Facebook by Danah Boyd,”’ and “Convergence Culture,” by Henry Jenkins. Although many individual’s use social media, it affects people’s identity by not being able to show their true selves online because they don’t want to be left out, how they present what products they wear in their pictures, and every story gets told through social media. One reason why social media affects identity is how some people lie on social media to fit in with their friends or family. Individuals want to show their friends that they are living a good life by going on vacations, but in reality some people might be just sitting on the couch watching television. Several people pretend that they are interested in a product, but instead they are not really interested in it because they just want to fit in with everyone else.…

    • 1779 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Decent Essays

    The article mostly focused on the need for social acceptance and how that related to the problematic use of facebook. People who don’t feel like they are expected in their everyday life turn to facebook to find friends and to always feel like they are accepted. The source was good about including the other opinion as well. It talked about that maybe there is an overuse of technology because it provides a channel for those with social anxiety disorder to communicate with others. I used this source to show that using technology too much has a negative impact on self esteem and many other factors.…

    • 1260 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Great Essays

    Tinder is a popular social media platform that has changed the way individuals meet and interact with others. “It’s so much more than a dating app … (it’s) a powerful tool to meet people, expand your social group, meet locals when you’re traveling and find people you otherwise never would have me,” (Tinder, 2016). However, the app has primarily been used to find a romantic relationship. This shift in intention raises the question of whether these relationships are lasting, as well as the effect the app has on an individual’s self – esteem.…

    • 1253 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Social networking such as Facebook, Twitter, Myspace, Bebo are tools for people to communicate. Hundreds of millions of people use these tools for finding new friends and sharing their daily activities or their opinion. Some people find these are interesting and use them every day. They find these sites are so beneficial to them. After reading Micheal Rosenwald 's article "Can Facebook Help Overcome Shyness?"…

    • 1677 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Social Relations: Maintaining Relationships and Group Membership SNSs facilitate maintaining relationships, frequent communication, and establishing connections. Recent studies found motivation to be one of the most important predictors of online activity (e.g., the amount of time spent on SNSs per day, the number of times individuals check their profiles) (Ross et al., 2009; Spitzberg, 2006). The most recurring finding argues that the primary motivation of using SNSs is to maintain existing relationships that were established offline (Jordan-Conde et al., 2014; Ellison, Steinfield, & Lampe, 2007). Research shows this is especially true for college students and young adults’ primary use of SNSs (Chen & Marcus, 2012; Pempek et al., 2009). Moreover, young adults focus on connecting or reconnecting with family and friends (Subrahmanyam, Reich, Waechter, & Espinoza, 2008).…

    • 1222 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    In todays society we have an narcissistic epidemic in the making. A very large portion of our population is now connecting and socializing through social networking sites (SNS) and it’s changing the way we view and promote ourselves. With all of our “reality” TV starts and “selfie” obsession this hardly can come as a shock. The Millennial groups use of social media sites like Facebook, Twitter and Instagram has become an overwhelming part of their day to day life. Our current generations is so involved with social networking sites that it’s given us more insight on how these sites can affect ones development.…

    • 1300 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Internet is the key for communication and interaction with our family members and friends who live far across the ocean using social networking apps such as Facebook, Viber, WhatsApp, Skype, IMO and so on in this 21st century we live in. The social networking sites allows me to communicate and be part of my loved ones’ life who live very far away from me as I am not able to interact with them personally. However, online interaction is not the only key that enables me to interact with others but also interacting face-to-face. For example: - while we use social networking to interact people who are overseas, interact with our peers, strangers, teachers etc. we communicate face-to-face.…

    • 839 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Social networks usually bring like-minded individuals together, which deny them a chance to think and engage in diverse perspectives in the real world. People tend to detach themselves from others whom they think that they are not like-minded consequently weakening their skills to socialize with different groups in the real world. Social networks have led to the increased formation of diverse social groups in life leading to division among members of different social classes due to the lack of effective interaction skills. The isolation usually makes individuals fear to interact with others whom they view that have different perspectives of life (Agrawal 2016). To this regard, social media sites usually bring together like-minded individuals and create the complication of the interaction of people from different social…

    • 1164 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Facebook Selves

    • 825 Words
    • 4 Pages

    On one hand, there are many ways in which Facebook itself limits the ways in which community can represent itself and, on the other hand, people do temper themselves in many actions when creating Facebook–selves. Firstly, some users do not represent solely their real–selves. Many users shape their online profiles based on their false– and ideal–selves for various reasons, such as: exploration and deception, self–promotion, social pressures, shame of the real–self, gaining popularity (Gil–Or et al., 2015, p.2; Michikyan et al., 2015, p. 57,60; Van Dijck, 2013, p.203). In this case it is hard to determine whether those users try to stand out and be unique or whether they try to hide their otherness and remain unitary with the whole community.…

    • 825 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    University of Alabama’s Pavica Sheldon, an associate professor in the Communication Arts Department, discovered that introverted people actually tend to use Facebook longer than people who were described as extroverted (Bayot, 2014). But my topic is not about persuading you that introvert people use Facebook longer than extroverts. I am here to talk about how Facebook does not help us overcome shyness. I have come across so many articles that people have said that “Facebook helps me build relationships”. For an introvert, using the site…

    • 1425 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays