R.H. Ettinger describes and details the topic of sensation and perception in chapter four of Psychology: The Science of Behavior. Sensation and perception go hand in hand together to form the basis of every organism 's behavior. Sensation is the direct and immediate experience that affects a sense organ whereas perception is the organization and interpretation of each sensation. The five major senses: vision, audition, gustation, olfaction, and skin senses all go through the process of transduction in which energy (light, chemical, or mechanical) is transformed by a sensory organ into electrochemical energy. This entire process is caused by neurons firing. Each sense organ respond to different signals and differentiate depending on which part
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The visual system is comprised of three parts: the eyes, the neural circuit, and the visual center. The eyes are responsible for absorbing and replying to light energy whereas the neural circuit carries signals from the eyes into the brain and the visual centers deciphers these signals. This entire process occurs because of light energy. Light energy is a form of electromagnetic radiation along with cosmic rays, ultraviolet rays, infrared rays, microwaves, and radio waves. There are a few major properties of light such as brightness, hue, and saturation. Brightness is the intensity of light; hue is the color one perceives; and saturation controls how colorful light appears. (Ettinger 2013 p. 131). The next topic discussed is the structure and function of the eye. The components of the eye which allow it to focus are the cornea, lens, iris, and pupil. The retina is responsible for the image-recording part. These process depend on the order in which light enters the eye and the quantity of rods and cones which are located in the retina. Rods and cones also give eyes the ability to adapt to dim or bright light. The journey of light first travels through the sections of the eyes, then goes to the thalmus, which is a relay center for information, and lastly travels to the visual cortex where information is then perceived. Another …show more content…
Olfaction is the sense of smell. Humans do not rely on smell as heavily as other animals. Smells travel as odors through the air.Various odors contain chemical energy and are transferred into neural signals in order to translate messages to the brain. There is not a set of primary odors such as with color or taste. However, people can still differentiate between odors due to patterns of neural activity. Lastly, smells have strong connections to memory and are often used to sell product. Lastly, Pheromones are odors that attract sexual interest and can affect behavior in mammal. However, there direct link to humans is
The visual system is comprised of three parts: the eyes, the neural circuit, and the visual center. The eyes are responsible for absorbing and replying to light energy whereas the neural circuit carries signals from the eyes into the brain and the visual centers deciphers these signals. This entire process occurs because of light energy. Light energy is a form of electromagnetic radiation along with cosmic rays, ultraviolet rays, infrared rays, microwaves, and radio waves. There are a few major properties of light such as brightness, hue, and saturation. Brightness is the intensity of light; hue is the color one perceives; and saturation controls how colorful light appears. (Ettinger 2013 p. 131). The next topic discussed is the structure and function of the eye. The components of the eye which allow it to focus are the cornea, lens, iris, and pupil. The retina is responsible for the image-recording part. These process depend on the order in which light enters the eye and the quantity of rods and cones which are located in the retina. Rods and cones also give eyes the ability to adapt to dim or bright light. The journey of light first travels through the sections of the eyes, then goes to the thalmus, which is a relay center for information, and lastly travels to the visual cortex where information is then perceived. Another …show more content…
Olfaction is the sense of smell. Humans do not rely on smell as heavily as other animals. Smells travel as odors through the air.Various odors contain chemical energy and are transferred into neural signals in order to translate messages to the brain. There is not a set of primary odors such as with color or taste. However, people can still differentiate between odors due to patterns of neural activity. Lastly, smells have strong connections to memory and are often used to sell product. Lastly, Pheromones are odors that attract sexual interest and can affect behavior in mammal. However, there direct link to humans is