Research Paper On Mesopotamia

Located in the Tigris-Euphrates Valley is Mesopotamia. Mesopotamia is the site of the earliest development of the Neolithic Revolution from around 10,000 B.C. It has established some of the most important developments in human history including the wheel, cursive, math, and astronomy. Their culture extended out to the Middle East and the Indus Valley. Mesopotamia is considered the beginning of civilization.
Sumer, the first civilization, consisted of city-states. Rulers of these city-states of these states were both secular and spiritual rulers. Sometimes they fought over natural resources and sometimes they shared resources. The Mesopotamian city-states did have temples and palaces while villages and cities were linked together with the cities depending on villages for food and in return the cities provided the villages with military protection. King and nobles made the laws, declared wars, and decided how to honor the gods. They also controlled most of the wealth. In …show more content…
The people believed that their world was controlled by, goddesses, gods, demons, and monsters. Each city-state was protected by its own god or goddess and their family. They built temples called Ziggurats for the god or goddess to live in. They believed that life following death meant a descent into the Underworld ruled by Nergal. He is the god of death and war. Humans were servants to the gods.
Mesopotamia made many advances in humanity with the wheel, plow, and writing. Their writing was a system called cuneiform. With the invention of writing came the first major piece of literature called, the “Epic Tale of Gilgamesh”. They had a wide knowledge of mathematics like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and fractions. They also had knowledge of geometry. The astronomers were able to use their expertise in math to track stars, the planets, and the Moon. With astronomy, they were able to create the first