2. The first thing I learned was the fact that wasps can actually use their vision and memory to detect intruders. This was pretty surprising along with the fact not only pheromones, but also cuticular hydrocarbons play a key role in the chemical (odor) aspect of recognition.
3. Honestly, there was nothing within the summary that conflicted or helped with the article. I felt as if the article was pretty thorough in explaining how wasps sense and respond to intruders invading their nests.
4. I do not understand what is meant by a Friedman test on page 3. Have L. flavolineata always used mainly visual