Molar Volume of a Gas Lab The purpose of the lab was to do an experiment to determine the molar volume of hydrogen gas at standard temperature and pressure, or STP. To start the experiment, a beaker was filled with water and then a cage was created with a copper wire. A piece of magnesium was cut and placed inside the cage in order to keep the reaction going until all of the magnesium reacted with the hydrochloric acid. The eudiometer tube was filled with 15 mL of hydrochloric acid and water and then plugged with a one-hole rubber stopper that held the cage in place, ensuring that the magnesium would react with the excess hydrochloric acid. After covering the hole in the rubber stopper with a finger, the eudiometer tube was immediately inverted
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Avogadro’s law states that equal volumes of gas, at the same pressure and temperature, have the same amount of molecules. This applies to the lab in that it allows for the verification of the molar volume of hydrogen at standard temperature and pressure once temperature, pressure, and volume are all accounted for. Dalton’s law of partial pressure is another theory that was explored in this lab. It states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases. This law makes it possible for the partial pressure of the water vapor to be removed from the total pressure of the gases in the eudiometer tube to yield the partial pressure of hydrogen gas. Molar volume is the volume occupied by one mole of a gas, in this case, hydrogen gas. Molar volume relates to the lab as the entire purpose of this lab is to find the molar volume of hydrogen gas at STP. The ideal gas law describes a relationship between pressure (P), volume (V), the number of moles (n), temperature (T), and the universal gas constant (R) where PV = nRT. This ideal gas law is essential to the lab as it explains the relationships between the different measurements of a gas and reduces into the combined gas law. The combined gas law is a relation where the number of moles of gas is constant, thus leaving the variables of pressure, volume, and temperature. When comparing the same substance under different conditions, the combined gas law can be mathematically written as (P"1" V"1" )/T"1" = (P"2" V"2" )/T"2" . Since the conditions of the experiment were not at standard temperature and pressure, the combined gas law is required in order to calculate the corresponding volume of hydrogen gas at STP. Single displacement reactions were also
Avogadro’s law states that equal volumes of gas, at the same pressure and temperature, have the same amount of molecules. This applies to the lab in that it allows for the verification of the molar volume of hydrogen at standard temperature and pressure once temperature, pressure, and volume are all accounted for. Dalton’s law of partial pressure is another theory that was explored in this lab. It states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases. This law makes it possible for the partial pressure of the water vapor to be removed from the total pressure of the gases in the eudiometer tube to yield the partial pressure of hydrogen gas. Molar volume is the volume occupied by one mole of a gas, in this case, hydrogen gas. Molar volume relates to the lab as the entire purpose of this lab is to find the molar volume of hydrogen gas at STP. The ideal gas law describes a relationship between pressure (P), volume (V), the number of moles (n), temperature (T), and the universal gas constant (R) where PV = nRT. This ideal gas law is essential to the lab as it explains the relationships between the different measurements of a gas and reduces into the combined gas law. The combined gas law is a relation where the number of moles of gas is constant, thus leaving the variables of pressure, volume, and temperature. When comparing the same substance under different conditions, the combined gas law can be mathematically written as (P"1" V"1" )/T"1" = (P"2" V"2" )/T"2" . Since the conditions of the experiment were not at standard temperature and pressure, the combined gas law is required in order to calculate the corresponding volume of hydrogen gas at STP. Single displacement reactions were also