David Savola begins his article by discussing how Hemingway’s novel, The Sun Also Rises, has yet to be analyzed for ecocriticism. He shows that The Sun Also Rises is filled with representations of the relationship between organisms and their environment, yet no one has seized the opportunity to discuss these connections in detail. In the second epigraph, Hemingway connects his novel to the environment through a quote from Ecclesiastes that reminds us nature is constant, and humans are ever-changing. No matter what humans are doing, the sun will continue to rise and set. Hemingway’s novel depicts the main characters as being devoid of purpose or morals, and he suggests that the characters could find their sense of direction if they go back to
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In the first Idyll of Theocritus, Thyrsis and Goatherd rest at noon alongside a waterfall that runs from a spring in a very similar way to that of Bill and Jake. Also, Bill entertains Jake with jokes at the inn; this is parallel to the song that Thyrsis sings to entertain Goatherd. Goatherd offers Thyrsis a decorated, wooden cup as a prize for his wonderful singing, and the decoration depicts a woman who could be argued to be Lady Brett Ashley. The artwork depicts a woman wearing a diadem, which indicates royalty. In addition, two men are shown arguing over her. The woman on the cup shifts her attention from one man to the other, never wanting to make up her mind. This squabble could be representative of Mike and Cohn disputing over Brett, and her inability to focus solely on one of them. These allusions in Hemingway’s novel link The Sun Also Rises to the pastoral nature of the Idylls of Theocritus. As Hemingway displays, Jake, Cohn, and Lady Brett have narrow perspectives of their world that are focused on individual, human concerns rather than the world as a whole. The Sun Also Rises aims to expose the limitations of the way the natural world is depicted. Bill Gorton, Jakes friend, jokingly remarks that Jake has “lost his touch with the soil,” and that “fake European standards have ruined him.” This statement further strengthens Savola’s argument that ecocriticism is the main focus of Hemingway’s
In the first Idyll of Theocritus, Thyrsis and Goatherd rest at noon alongside a waterfall that runs from a spring in a very similar way to that of Bill and Jake. Also, Bill entertains Jake with jokes at the inn; this is parallel to the song that Thyrsis sings to entertain Goatherd. Goatherd offers Thyrsis a decorated, wooden cup as a prize for his wonderful singing, and the decoration depicts a woman who could be argued to be Lady Brett Ashley. The artwork depicts a woman wearing a diadem, which indicates royalty. In addition, two men are shown arguing over her. The woman on the cup shifts her attention from one man to the other, never wanting to make up her mind. This squabble could be representative of Mike and Cohn disputing over Brett, and her inability to focus solely on one of them. These allusions in Hemingway’s novel link The Sun Also Rises to the pastoral nature of the Idylls of Theocritus. As Hemingway displays, Jake, Cohn, and Lady Brett have narrow perspectives of their world that are focused on individual, human concerns rather than the world as a whole. The Sun Also Rises aims to expose the limitations of the way the natural world is depicted. Bill Gorton, Jakes friend, jokingly remarks that Jake has “lost his touch with the soil,” and that “fake European standards have ruined him.” This statement further strengthens Savola’s argument that ecocriticism is the main focus of Hemingway’s