The first state of Greece was Mycenae, which flourished between 1600 and 100 B.C.E. It was established when a group of Indo-European people gained control over the Greek mainland. The civilization was made up of monarchies built on hills and surrounded by stone walls. The civilization fell in 1100 B.C.E. after the city burned around 1190 B.C.E.
The dark ages arrived after the fall of the Mycenaean civilization, with a decline in population and food production