Femininity In Jane Austen's In Northanger Abbey

Great Essays
Defining the qualities of femininity is fairly difficult because what is feminine is not determined by one individual or single characteristic, and the female identity is always changing. Feminine identity is formed according to many definitions and include factors such as personality, role, circumstance, and social class. We hope to condense the definition of what is conventionally female by analyzing reoccurring feminine behaviors within the context of their time. Femininity can be described as “the quality or nature of the female gender” (Merriam Webster). In Jane Austen's Northanger Abbey, we can connect the traits among several female perspectives to examine the roles and expectations of English women, who were living in a privileged social …show more content…
Part of a woman's existence was consistent with female silence and male servitude. “In marriage, the man is supposed to provide for the support of the woman; the woman to make the home agreeable to the man; he is to purvey, and she is to smile” (Austen 52). Often female characters only state the opinions of their fathers and husbands or express themselves in secrectly. While Catherine agrees with Thorpe to end the debate, it is still unlikely his skill of reigning in the horse is above all others. However perceived feminine inferiority makes Catherine doubt her own judgment and submits to Thorpe's reasoning whether it is right or wrong. She states “his knowledge and her ignorance of the subject, his rapidity of expression, and her diffidence of herself put that out of her power; she could strike out nothing new in commendation, but she readily echoed whatever he chose to assert, and it was finally settled between them without any difficulty” (43). This confirms that when women become defined by silence and male influence, both men and women are left with inaccurate perceptions in dishonest unsatisfying …show more content…
Isabella and Catherine often spend their afternoons reading novels, but their time spent together depicts how female novels and interests were not taken seriously during a time dominated by male writers. Catherine admits “now, had the same young lady been engaged with a volume of the Spectator, instead of such a work, how proudly would she have produced the book, and told its name” (23). Because women face discrimination against their gender, this causes embarrassment for their interest and recommendation of female literature. We could suggest good writing and literature is a masculine quality, considering that Catherine portrays women are praised for reading male literature. By only imposing masculine identity in literature and promoting masculinity as superior to femininity, female identity,writers, and literary choices as seen as inferior. In “Sense and Semantics” Donald Stone suggests Thorpe's correction of Catherine's reading deems her “inability to read at all is as bad as the tendency to read the wrong books-or rather to misread them, to confuse fictional conventions with real choices” (Sense and Semantics 37). Although male guidance seems to be necessary for Catherine to learn, her defense and awareness of this prejudice suggests feminine literary interests were increasing and changing. Perhaps women appease men due to necessity, but

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    It is hard to imagine a world where women had no power over their own lives, but being powerless was the reality for Jane Austen and her characters Catherine and Eleanor. Northanger Abbey is a novel by Jane Austen, about a young girl named Catherine who longs to be a gothic heroine in the 1700s. Austen has to reinforce gender norms of male dominance and marriage for purely financial stability over her female characters, Catherine, Eleanor, and Isabella because of social norms that caused an inability for females to be heroines. Catherine is unable to overcome the gender norm of male dominance over females in her interaction with John Thorpe. While Catherine is in a carriage with John Thorpe, he judges all the women they see, and Catherine…

    • 1031 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    To reiterate, women accepted their role in a society that “reduces love to a biological impulse and marriage to a profitable alliance” (Giles, 77). We saw how selfish love represented this in Wuthering Heights and now its presence will be investigated in Northanger Abbey. In Northanger Abbey, we are introduced to an interesting protagonist right from the opening line: “No one who had ever seen Catherine Morland in her infancy, would have supposed her born to be an heroine” (Austen, 5). Catherine Morland, much like Catherine Earnshaw, was isolated from society and never received proper instructions on how to navigate through it. As Catherine traverses through society, she meets and falls in love with Henry Tilney, a seemingly perfect gentleman.…

    • 1495 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    As stated in Whitecotton’s essay, Catherine is expected to court with John Thorpe because he is the first man that dotes on her, but she resists him because he is self-absorbed and she is uninterested. By writing Catherine as a woman growing into independence and maturity, Austen breaks the social standards set up for women in the…

    • 2192 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Decent Essays

    “Chapter one from Northanger Abbey” is a narrative by Jane Austen written about a naive, young girl fumbling into womanhood. The narrative's structure consists of three sections including Catherine’s childhood, family life and the internal struggle that she feels about becoming a women. Through her narrative, Austen relates to the lives of many young women through the use of the third person point of view, as she narrates all of the trials and tribulations that young Catherine is confronted with. Austen also uses the rhetorical element of pathos to evoke pity amongst the readers, as she describes how the protagonist's mother does not have much time to raise her own children, because she is too busy teaching other children. Austen illustrates…

    • 192 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Great Essays

    - Why should it be placed here?” (Austen 155). Catharine considers herself to be a heroine and hence builds myths out of her readings and creates in her mind fantasies. Once again, Austen’s treatment of the innocent heroine is ironic and almost humorous, contrasting sharply to that of…

    • 1329 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Great Essays

    Northanger Abbey is a coming of age story of an average, naïve, and imaginative girl, Catherine. The excerpt from this novel is particularly interesting and is in the voice of a narrator, which we assume is Jane Austen’s voice through analyzing the voice and word choice of the text. The excerpt covers a description of Catherine’s friendship with Isabella, which is used to lead into Austen’s discussion of novels in context to the times in regards to her fellow novel writers. A lot can be learned about Austen through the close reading of this passage. Austen appears to be revealing personal thoughts.…

    • 1633 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the Gothic genre, authors write about the taboo. This includes the topic about a woman’s place in society. In Gothic novels, women are characterized by either shameless harlotry or trembling innocence. This description makes sense as seen in Northanger Abbey by Jane Austen. These definitions are played with by Stephen King in the novel Carrie where he uses these definitions and then seems to suggest that no one iscompletely set in one specific characteristic.…

    • 1564 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Throughout this assignment I´m going to tell about the Regency Era and Victorian period, two different periods in different centuries.. I´m going to discuss the subjects women issues and social classes that were in these two periods in Great Britain. To strengthen my examples, I´m going to use two versions of the Mansfield Park series and the the novel Persuasion written by Jane Austen. The British time periods We can divide British time into smaller time periods, for instance Anglo-Saxon, Norman, Georgian and Victorian.…

    • 1058 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Marianne’s interaction in the social setting is used as a saturation of these restrictive values by displaying feminist tendencies. In a flagrant defiance of the standards of female behavior of her time, Marianne embraces in the pleasures of the outdoors and “her skin was very brown”, rejecting the Georgian ideals of sheltered women. In addition, Marianne’s usage of unrestrained speech and emotional expressiveness at soirees is Austen’s manner of countering the societal proselytization of an imbalanced power system. When she expresses interest in Willoughby following their encounter on her walk, Sir John teases her: “You will be setting your cap at him now” he says in jest (36). However, Marianne condemns this view of women as superficial seekers of wealth, as well as reduction of women the “conquest” of a man (36).…

    • 760 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Jane Austen’s ‘Pride and Prejudice’ is a 19th century social satire, written and set in 1813 England during the height of the regency period. Austen explores the plight of single women as well as the class structure and social snobbery of her historical context. Being a successful female writer herself and giving voice to the struggles of women in her novels, she undermined many of the societal boundaries of the 19th century and in this sense, was very much a subversive element in society. Fay Weldon’s 1984 novel ‘Letters to Alice: On First Reading Jane Austen’ explores similar issues and serves to illuminate the reader’s understanding of the values and issues of Austen’s cultural context. By doing this Weldon encourages the modern reader…

    • 1111 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Isabella, a foil to the heroine Catherine Morland, is described as a beautiful twenty-one-year-old girl (cf. Northanger Abbey 32f.) who loves being the centre of attention and especially enjoys attracting the attention of men and flirting with them (cf. ibid. 41). As Catherine, whom she befriends early during their stay in Bath, is not only younger but also naïve and more inexperienced than her, Isabella takes advantage of the fact that Catherine looks up to her and claims her for…

    • 1803 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Jane Austen satirizes Gothic novels of her day through burlesque and realism to advocate the superiority of ordinary life to fantasy in Northanger Abbey. The novel mocks the unrealistic and impossible sappiness of romance novels. In contrast, the novel is a true reflection of life and explores the truth of late eighteenth century English high society. The reader triumphs in the relatability of Catherine’s character as a new type of heroine, hat is ordinary and realistic. Austen ascertains that Gothic novels undervalue life and that life can be better than fantasy.…

    • 1721 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    1 Introduction “No one who had ever seen Catherine Morland in her infancy, would have supposed her born to be a heroine”. These are the words Jane Austen chose to introduce the protagonist of her novel “Northanger Abbey” and they seem to give the impression of Catherine being “desperately naive, dangerously unsophisticated, and frequently slow to comprehend“(Kindred 196) right from the start. This impression seems to be confirmed as soon as the reader notices Catherine’s disability of reading people and their behaviour and it even gets worse when it becomes clear that Catherine also “mistake[s] gothic exaggerations” of her beloved Gothic novels “for unmediated representation” (Johnson 35). But as Austen’s novel is considered a Bildungsroman by a lot of critics, Catherine is “capable of…

    • 1245 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The effect of a male-dominated society on the school system’s curriculum includes reading poems and stories that have men holding power over women. The female protagonist begins to challenge the required literature at her school because the female characters are not good role models for young women since their downfalls are a result of being too eager to please and trusting the wrong men. In the story, the young girl questions what purpose these weak female characters serve in the classroom: “why did we have to study these hapless, annoying, dumb-bunny girls?” (Atwood 224). This quotation aids in understanding why Atwood’s female narrator identifies with the Duke as opposed to the Duchess because it illustrates her yearning for females to be represented as powerful and intelligent instead of merely an object that men can easily push around.…

    • 974 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    When reading Jane Austen 's Pride and Prejudice and Thomas Hardy 's Tess of the D 'Urbervilles, one thing is clear - women can be strong, determined and independent. But in the 19th century, the idea that a woman did not need a man to survive was controversial. Even now in a time of a modern feminist movement, examples of female independence are extremely influential. However, both Austen and Hardy fail to prevent negativity against women in their novels; the way in which the female protagonists are treated and expected to act in the male-dominated society show that women cannot be placed on the same level as men. How can they be when their only purpose in life is to marry rich and have children?…

    • 1769 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays