The theory of evolution, describes the human social dynamics and provides a significant support to the study of parenting (Geary and Flinn, 2001). Central to the evolutionary approach, are the differences between the characteristics of men and women, and their functions. Thus, the theory of evolution provides a valid framework for understanding different aspects of childrearing. Next to parenting and the differences between men and women, anxiety can also be approached from an evolutionary perspective. Anxiety has an evolutionary origin as, anxiety is formed by natural selection. Anxiety has an evolutionary function as well. This emotion contributes to the adaptive capacity of an individual to cope with certain challenges and helps organisms
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An anxiety disorder in childhood has negative consequences in later life, such as loneliness, depression and a low self-esteem. There is also evidence that children who suffer from an anxiety disorder refuse to go to school (Rapee and Spence, 2004). Therefore, it is important to further investigate the etiology of anxiety disorder and how they could be prevented. Anxiety can be transmitted from parents to children in several ways. Genetic vulnerability, as well as environmental factors, contribute to the etiology of anxiety symptoms (Kagan and Snidman, 1999). Parenting involves a direct influence through genes, but the beliefs and behaviors of parents are also of importance. According to Kagan and Snidman (1999), 20% of children are born with a behavioral inhibitory temperament, which ensures that they are extremely sensitive to unfamiliar stimuli, situations or people. A third of the children who posses this inhibitory trait, will develop an anxiety disorder in later life (Kagan and Snidman, 1999). As, the way of childrearing contributes to the development and preservation of anxiety symptoms in children (McLeod, Wood and Weisz, 2007), it is important to distinguish which aspects of parenting, causes, maintain or reduces the child's anxiety symptoms. Since, there are different roles of mothers and fathers in parenting, the influence …show more content…
However, there is not much research done on the relationship between these three concepts. In the end of this review, the link between these concepts will be clear. Also, the phenomenon of 'rough and tumble play' is still fairly unknown. According to the study of Fliek et al. (2015), more research on the effect of rough and tumble play, with respect to the anxiety symptoms of children is needed. Investigating the effects of rough and tumble play on anxiety symptoms in children, provides psychologists new insights to the understanding of child development. The goal is to determine the differences in paternal and maternal parenting behavior in Western societies, focusing on rough and tumble play, and its effect on anxiety symptoms in children. In addition, it must be determined, to what extent the distinctive parenting styles affect the anxiety symptoms in children positively or negatively. Through the theory of evolution, it is possible to further study and explain typical traits of men, such as challenge, and feminine traits, such as
An anxiety disorder in childhood has negative consequences in later life, such as loneliness, depression and a low self-esteem. There is also evidence that children who suffer from an anxiety disorder refuse to go to school (Rapee and Spence, 2004). Therefore, it is important to further investigate the etiology of anxiety disorder and how they could be prevented. Anxiety can be transmitted from parents to children in several ways. Genetic vulnerability, as well as environmental factors, contribute to the etiology of anxiety symptoms (Kagan and Snidman, 1999). Parenting involves a direct influence through genes, but the beliefs and behaviors of parents are also of importance. According to Kagan and Snidman (1999), 20% of children are born with a behavioral inhibitory temperament, which ensures that they are extremely sensitive to unfamiliar stimuli, situations or people. A third of the children who posses this inhibitory trait, will develop an anxiety disorder in later life (Kagan and Snidman, 1999). As, the way of childrearing contributes to the development and preservation of anxiety symptoms in children (McLeod, Wood and Weisz, 2007), it is important to distinguish which aspects of parenting, causes, maintain or reduces the child's anxiety symptoms. Since, there are different roles of mothers and fathers in parenting, the influence …show more content…
However, there is not much research done on the relationship between these three concepts. In the end of this review, the link between these concepts will be clear. Also, the phenomenon of 'rough and tumble play' is still fairly unknown. According to the study of Fliek et al. (2015), more research on the effect of rough and tumble play, with respect to the anxiety symptoms of children is needed. Investigating the effects of rough and tumble play on anxiety symptoms in children, provides psychologists new insights to the understanding of child development. The goal is to determine the differences in paternal and maternal parenting behavior in Western societies, focusing on rough and tumble play, and its effect on anxiety symptoms in children. In addition, it must be determined, to what extent the distinctive parenting styles affect the anxiety symptoms in children positively or negatively. Through the theory of evolution, it is possible to further study and explain typical traits of men, such as challenge, and feminine traits, such as