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Erikson's Eight Stages Of Psychosocial Development

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Erik Erikson was a German born American developmental psychologist. He is well known for his theory on psychosocial development of human beings. Erikson`s theory includes eight stages of psychosocial development. The first stage is Trust vs. Mistrust. This stage is the infancy stage where the age is from first born to about 1 and a half years old. The basic virtue of this stage would be hope and the pathology of this stage is withdrawal. During this stage, the young infant is unsure of its surroundings. They do not feel safe in their environment. To help them cope with these feelings of uncertainty they often look towards their primary caregiver, whether that is a parent of another person. (simplypsychology.org) They look towards this primary …show more content…
role diffusion. The virtue of this stage is fidelity and the pathology is repudiation. The age for this stage is 12 to 18 years. During this stage children are becoming more independent. They will begin to look at the future in terms of relationships, careers, families, and housing. The individual wants to fit in and also belong to society. This stage of development means that the person will need to learn the roles he will occupy as an adult. During this stage of development the young person will re-examine his/her identity. Erikson suggests that there are two identities involved in this, the occupational and the sexual. (simplypsychology.org)The young person may feel uncomfortable about their body for a while until they can grow into the changes they are experiencing. Success in this stage means that it will lead to the virtue of fidelity. During the identity vs. role confusion stage the person begins to form their own identity based upon the outcomes of their exploration of possibilities. The failure to establish a sense of identity for oneself in society can lead to role confusion for the individual. Role confusion means that the individual is not sure about their place in society or sure about themselves. (psychology.about.com) In this stage, the possible problems that can emerge in adulthood if not successfully resolved would be that the person is uncertain and negative about lifestyle, friendship, and values in their …show more content…
despair. The virtue for this stage is wisdom and the pathology of this stage is disdain. The age for this stage is 65 and over. As people grow older they tend to slow down productivity and begin to explore life as a retired person. (simplypsychology.org) During this time people will contemplate their accomplishments and they are also able to develop integrity if they see themselves leading a successful life. Erikson believed people see their lives as unproductive, feel like they did not accomplish life goals, and/or feel guilt about their past, they then become dissatisfied with their life and develop the feeling of despair. (simplypsychology.org) This often leads to hopelessness and depression. Success in the integrity vs. despair stage will lead to the virtue of wisdom. Wisdom will enable a person to look back on their life with the sense of completeness and a sense of closure. They will also accept death without fear. (psychology.about.com) Possible problems in emerging adulthood if not successfully resolved would be in the future no “mindfulness” and no life

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