Often times, the development of a child’s creativity and personality depend on not only the family structure and status, but several other factors beyond an individual’s control. …show more content…
Depending on whether or not the style is authoritative or sensitive can heavily impact what behavior children view as socially acceptable. For instance, in a brief report on the bidirectional influences of parenting styles by Meredith McGinley, a parent displaying a sensitive parenting style and demonstrating qualities such as sensitivity to others and showing concern for others, “influenced a child’s prosocial behavior early in development” (Newton, Laible, Carlo, Steele, & McGinley, year, p. #). Through direct observation and modeling the behaviors witnessed, the child learns to behave accordingly in society. Thus, the child who witnesses more warm and nurturing behavior will respond more “pro-socially to others’ needs.” This was confirmed in a research study performed by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care (NICHD SECC). Consisting of 1,364 participants, this longitudinal study followed individuals from birth to 15 years of age, with four phases of data collection intended for determining the influence of paternal and maternal sensitivity. Mothers and teachers completed a test designed to measure the “child’s relationships and behaviors …show more content…
Birth order and location within the family are known to be extremely accurate predictors of creativity. According to Runco, middle children are more inclined to develop a rebellious personality than their first or later-born counterparts. Donald N. MacKinnon, a philosopher, declared “the creative individual has the capacity to tolerate the tension created in him by the strong opposing values…” (Runco, 2014, p. 46). This is further supported by Joanne Lichtenwalner and Joseph Maxwell’s study about “The Relationship of Birth Order and Socioeconomic Status to the Creativity of Preschool Children” in which they suggested that firstborn and only children possessed significantly less creative potential than later-born children. The main reasoning behind this is because the parent’s relationship to the initial child is generally more anxious and overprotective, with a greater chance of restrictiveness and coerciveness. This results in later born siblings to regard the first-born as a leader of sorts of whom they can depend on in directions in childhood affairs, which causes them to learn to rely on others more than themselves for creative needs. Runco further develops this by discussing how middle children possess the desire for the same level of praise as their older siblings, but, in order to avoid competition, must find an unconventional, creative