In corpus linguistics, the recurrence of patterns of small fragments like phrases and words in sentences is analyzed using strategies that do not necessarily focus on the contextual meaning of the analyzed texts. In this case, the corpus consisted of written text data from thirteen files. The corpus was named Kurdish non native speakers corpus.
Analysis for the use of Conjunctions
The following three corpuses were used in the analysis of conjunction usage among Kurdish non native speakers.
• BNC- British National Corpus
This corpus consists of a hundred million words from both written text and spoken words sources. The corpus is monolingual since it focuses on British English excerpts from the latter dates of the twentieth century. …show more content…
Variation
Replacive (instead, on the contrary)
Alternative (alternatively)
Subtractive (except for that, apart from that)
Elaboration
These types of conjunctions are used to clarify the information contained in a clause or sentence. They are also used to relate an occurrence or effect to a cause.
1. Opposition
Expository (that is, I mean, in other words, to put it in another way)
Exemplifying (for instance, for example, to illustrate, thus)
2. Clarification
Distractive (incidentally, by the way)
Corrective (or rather, at least, to be more precise)
Dismissive (anyway, in any case, leaving that aside)
Particularizing (in particular, more especially)
Resumptive (to resume, to get back to the point, as I was saying)
Summative (In short, to sum up, in conclusion, briefly)
Verifactive (actually, as a matter of fact, indeed, in …show more content…
The BNC corpus consisted of all types of text, that is, essays, academic papers, newspapers articles etcetera. The BAWE corpus on the other hand is purely made of academic written text. The large deviation between the use of the conjunction ‘incidentally’ in the BNC corpus and the BAWE corpus can therefore be attributed to its common use in non-academic text. In that case, the closeness of the search results from the monoConc and the BAWE corpuses shows that the Kurdish writers restricted their use of ‘incidentally’ in their papers. The use of the ‘and’ conjunction is relatively high across the three corpora. This also applies to the usage of