Smith writes, "Many, especially of the younger generation, saw Israel’s existence as symbolic of Arab humiliation at the hands of a superior power relying on Western technology that they were denied. Here there existed a desire for revenge coupled with the fear of Israeli military might and possible future expansion." Over the past half-century, the world has struggled to find a solution this divide. Numerous peace agreements, billions of dollars of international aid, and non-governmental and international organizations have all, to no avail, worked to address this conflict. The persistence of that particular topic exemplifies the need for a multi-pronged approach to assessing and resolving separatist movements, particularly when it comes to separatist movements that are a result of political minorities, as a solution to …show more content…
Many of these states have attempted to manage these conflicts internally. For example, after decades of civil war, Sudan held a referendum in 2011 to break into two nations, creating South Sudan as an autonomous entity that is separate from Sudan. While this was ultimately an end to the violent conflict in that particular area, it took over twenty years and estimated 2.5 million southerners deaths to reach this point. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) had been involved in Sudan since the early 1990s, and their roles primarily included negotiation, facilitation, mediation to the end of the conflict. Some NGOs and IGOs went as far as to create strategies which were meant to build up the capacity of civil society and organizations, such as women’s groups, elders, youth and