Class-Based Affirmative Action

Great Essays
President John F. Kennedy initially took Affirmative Action to ensure the equality for all races mainly for jobs and educational institutions. He did this through his Executive Order 10925, which is known as Affirmative Action. This policy asserts that in jobs and educational institutions, racial preferences will be used in their admissions process.While proponents of Affirmative Action claim that levels of diversity in college campuses increase with Affirmative Action, the reality is that many underrepresented minority students are being mismatched into the colleges and universities, ultimately leading them to a path of failure and because of this, there will be less underrepresented minorities (or URMs for the purpose of this) graduating …show more content…
Race-based Affirmative Action rather helps only a certain race of students-URMs, which then makes it unfair for some Whites and Asians to get into schools. Furthermore, bringing back the principle of equality that America is known for, ultimately getting rid of race-based Affirmative Action and implementing class-based Affirmative Action will help address the issue of equality. Therefore, class-based Affirmative Action seems to be the solution to when talking about bringing the level of equality since it will help all races when the issue is income. In Richard D. Kahlenberg’s essay, “The Race Versus Class Debate” he talks about the benefits of having class-based Affirmative Action over race-based Affirmative Action. He continues arguing …show more content…
The use of racial preference should not be implemented since it not only looks down at the minorities, they also establish a system that sets URMs up for failure in the long run. In Daniel Fisher’s article, “Poor Students Are The Real Victim of College Discrimination,” he argues that colleges should use class-preferences over race-based preferences. Fisher continues by claiming that in
“elite law schools like Yale and Harvard Law, 60% of the incoming students tend to come from the top 10% of the socioeconomic spectrum, Sander says, while only 5% come from bottom half. Similar studies of competitive undergraduate schools have shown that three-quarters of students come from the top economic quartile, while less than 10% come from the bottom half”

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    Louis P. Pojman argues in his article, The Case against Affirmative Action, that even in extreme cases reverse racism and strong affirmative action are wrong. Pojman differentiates between strong and weak affirmative action and in his article he focus on strong affirmative action. Pojman defines strong affirmative action as preferential treatment to someone based on race, ethnicity, or gender in favor of the under represented groups to get equal rights. The first argument made for affirmative action that Pojman disagrees with is the role model argument.…

    • 813 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Affirmative Action Case Study

    • 1561 Words
    • 7 Pages
    • 4 Works Cited

    As it is now, it facilitates the entrance to college to minorities of the higher classes. In its current form, affirmative action is well intentioned, but it is rather ineffective, and it sets itself up for causing a stir among whites who feel that minority status is taking precedent over academic performance, and calling this practice reverse discrimination. The case against the University of Michigan is a prime example of this. But William Symonds has a solution that would not only allow for more racial integration, but with race not playing a big role, if any roll at all in being a factor in deciding college admissions. Basing affirmative action off of financial need, with the money provided for the less fortunate to attend four-year universities would not only draw from the pool of minorities that make up a large portion of the lower classes, it would also give everyone a truly equal opportunity to attend college.…

    • 1561 Words
    • 7 Pages
    • 4 Works Cited
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Contention I: Affirmative Action Affirmative action programs are meant to level the playing field, but harms those it’s supposed to be helping by placing them at schools in which they fall below the median level of ability. A study by Duke University economists says if the bottom third of minority students at Berkeley, who hoped to graduate with a STEM major went to Santa Cruz instead, their chance of earning the degree would double. No student automatically benefits from attending a higher level school if they are not qualified to go. The same effect can be seen in the job market.…

    • 699 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Achieving a diverse student body has been a goal within education since the Supreme Court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954) that “separate but equal” violated the Fourteenth Amendment. Lipson (2007) state selective universities has been practicing race-based affirmative action and other racial diversity policies since 1960s. Many institutions try to establish methods to diversify the student body that does not discriminate against any particular group of ethnicities. Kaplan (2014) states admissions policies may not unjustifiably (bolded for emphases) discriminate on the basis of characteristics such as race, sex, disability, age, residence, or citizenship. Some institutions have utilized Affirmative action…

    • 1635 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    In Connerly’s article “What Happen to Post Racial America” he mentions a quote by John F Kennedy, “Race should have no place in American life or law”. When hiring or accepting one into a university, the employer should use a color-blind vision. Affirmative action has only caused employers to hire minorities because they are forced to meet a certain color quota, not because they see them for their potential or skill that they could have. Hence why Conerly states, “More than anything else, the pursuit of diversity overshadows and subordinates the excellence and competence and often makes us content with mediocrity.” (Connerly 439)…

    • 1210 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Jfk Affirmative Action

    • 390 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Affirmative action is one of the different actions that deal with racial inequality problems. In 1961, President Kennedy first introduced affirmative action to America, according to Ford and Whiting (122). Affirmative action’s target is to reduce and eventually put an end to the discriminations in education, employment, advocate racial diversity, remedy mistakes and eliminate barriers toward equality (Ford and Whiting, 121). One of its important goals is achieving educational equity.…

    • 390 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Affirmative action, by definition, is an action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education. Using varying instruments and policies, Affirmative Action aims to help underrepresented groups have a better job opportunities or college admissions. Generations of people have been disadvantaged by institutionalized discrimination and one way to remedy this is to place a policy that evens out the playing field. There has been numerous legal cases against affirmative action concerning college admissions, and a few have made it as far as the Supreme Court including Bakke v. Regents, Univ. of California (1978), Grutter v. Bollinger (2003), Parents Involved v. Seattle School District (2007), and most recently Fisher v. University of Texas (2013 & 2016).…

    • 992 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Another argument against affirmative action is that setting a simple standard for a category of people may be setting them up for disappointment in the future. A final argument about this policy is that it does the most for the people that need it the least; this policy does not do much for the African American underclass. I find that disagreeing with the policy is more convincing because giving people a “one up” because they are a minority would technically being biased towards others that aren’t that minority. Also, I think the supporting argument about affirmative action being compensation for all that was taken form minorities absurd. We, at least the age I live in, did not take anything from my fellow Native American…

    • 1341 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Great Essays

    However, such programs can prove costly even to the groups they strive so hard to help. One of these issues with over-application of affirmative action is that it often creates an “academic mismatch”, which “has a variety of negative effects on learning, motivation, and goals that harm the beneficiary of the preference” (Sandler). Because of this mismatch “[the] median black student starting law school… received first-year grades comparable to a white student at the 7th or 8th percentile” (Sandler). Kids that applied and were accepted into the college of their dreams are often shunted to other topics they find less interesting when they are thrown into more competitive environments that cause “dramatic shifts by [minorities] from initial interest in the natural sciences, engineering, and economics to majors in the humanities and social sciences” (Arcidiacono What). No student deserves to be pushed out of a topic they truly love or to be discouraged because they were placed in an environment they were not yet ready for.…

    • 1448 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Most people of underprivileged areas are looked down upon as uneducated and as stains on society. Affirmative action allows underprivileged people to showcase their true abilities. Since the implementation of affirmative action, the number of minorities attending higher level institutions has drastically increased. Quotas set in place by affirmative action programs have helped increase educational access for underprivileged groups. In the 1990s, the number of blacks enrolled in colleges reached a peak of 11.3 percent (“Affirmative Action”).…

    • 525 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Affirmative action has been a huge discussion in higher education for the reason being that it gives minorities the opportunity to become successful in life. Minorities are usually the ones who are looked down upon because they are not given the chance to become educated. Everyone deserves to be equal and be given the chance to face his or her individual rights. The goal for affirmative action is to have everyone be treated similarly as well as promoting diversity in education and everyday life. Affirmative action was passed because people wanted to give minorities more rights and stop discrimination between others.…

    • 1513 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    At first, affirmative action was believed to be the thing that was going to make everything better, that minorities and women were gonna start getting equal opportunities and everything would be fine but no. It was made to believe that it would put an end to discrimination but instead of doing that it created something called reverse discrimination. which should not be used in order to get rid of past discrimination? instead of people getting hired for a job or get accepted into a college because of their quality, ability and intelligence they are getting chosen by race or gender which is wrong because people that are highly capable and have put in work in order to get a certain job or getting accepted into a schools are not getting in because affirmative action is putting minorities at a higher advantage even though they may not be able to the job as well or even meet the exact requirements to actually even do it.…

    • 1501 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    The leveling of the playing field for those who do not have the advantages necessary to sail through college on their own is a central feature of the mobility pathway. Many students from disadvantaged backgrounds also fail to meet admission guidelines, due to poor academic preparation. Class-based affirmative action is one remedy; however, affirmative action policies, to the extent that they exist, have been mainly based on race (Armstrong and Hamilton, p17). Integration is often treated as assimilation into the dominant current of (privileged) student life. However, on many campuses this would require pulling less privileged students off the mobility pathway and onto the party pathway— defeating the whole purpose.…

    • 340 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    This excerpt shows the University of Michigan’s system of choosing who to admit. A student who is black and got a 100, in their point system, would be admitted over a student who is white and got a 95. This sounds fair, but because minorities automatically get 20 points, that means the black person really got an 80. An 80 gives a white person a very low chance of acceptance. This case shows very well how a new discrimination to whites is being made, because despite someone getting a 95 in their points system, they would lose to someone who got 100, only because they are a…

    • 686 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Affirmative action began as an executive order signed by President Kennedy during the civil rights movement of the 1960s. The Civil Rights Act was later expanded on to include women and signed into law by President Johnson. It is defined as an action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education. Affirmative action was created to break down barriers and level the playing field, and to ” proceed on the common sense notion if equal opportunity were a reality, African Americans, women, people with disabilities and other groups facing discrimination would be fairly represented in the nation’s work force and educational institution” (The Leadership Conference, 2016).…

    • 405 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays