Genome editing is a fairly new area of science as well as it theoretical benefits it also has it drawbacks, according to (incite reference).
It 's is where genes are cut, deleted or inserted in the DNA which in turn changed the sequence of DNA of an organism or cell
Various engineered nucleases can be used to carry out the genome editing, this include TALENs (Transcription activator interspaced nuclease), ZFNs (Zinc-finger nuclease) and CRISPR-Cas9 (Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeat), viruses can be used to edit genes it is known as rAAV (recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus).
Primarily, research was carried out in 1990s on mouse embryonic stem cells, mainly using ZFN and TALEN.
CRISPR-Cas9 found in 2013 by (name) consists …show more content…
However genes cannot be injected into cell therefore a vector must be used, this is done via ex vivo and In vivo gene therapy.
Ex vivo is the infusing of the therapeutic gene into human which has been inserted into viral DNA, then target cells are removed and cultured with the therapeutic gene, now these cells are genetically altered happens outside the body and reintroduced into the body to produce desired proteins. In vivo is where the therapeutic gene is inserted into viral DNA/plasmid DNA, this is genetically and altered and inserted directly into the DNA of cell of the body through tissue injections.
Although gene editing and human gene therapy has many benefits it has it ethical issues. One of the main issues is that the consequences of genome editing are unknown in human embryos until the baby is born and the effects on the future generation are unpredictable. Quoted by ……. in an conference regarding genome editing, “The precise effects of genetic modification to an embryo may be impossible to know until after birth”.
Interfering with genes has its implications on human health one of the prime examples is
It 's is where genes are cut, deleted or inserted in the DNA which in turn changed the sequence of DNA of an organism or cell
Various engineered nucleases can be used to carry out the genome editing, this include TALENs (Transcription activator interspaced nuclease), ZFNs (Zinc-finger nuclease) and CRISPR-Cas9 (Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeat), viruses can be used to edit genes it is known as rAAV (recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus).
Primarily, research was carried out in 1990s on mouse embryonic stem cells, mainly using ZFN and TALEN.
CRISPR-Cas9 found in 2013 by (name) consists …show more content…
However genes cannot be injected into cell therefore a vector must be used, this is done via ex vivo and In vivo gene therapy.
Ex vivo is the infusing of the therapeutic gene into human which has been inserted into viral DNA, then target cells are removed and cultured with the therapeutic gene, now these cells are genetically altered happens outside the body and reintroduced into the body to produce desired proteins. In vivo is where the therapeutic gene is inserted into viral DNA/plasmid DNA, this is genetically and altered and inserted directly into the DNA of cell of the body through tissue injections.
Although gene editing and human gene therapy has many benefits it has it ethical issues. One of the main issues is that the consequences of genome editing are unknown in human embryos until the baby is born and the effects on the future generation are unpredictable. Quoted by ……. in an conference regarding genome editing, “The precise effects of genetic modification to an embryo may be impossible to know until after birth”.
Interfering with genes has its implications on human health one of the prime examples is