Federico, Christopher M., & James Sidanius. Racism, ideology, and affirmative action revisited: The antecedents and consequences of "principled objections" to affirmative action. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 82, no. 4: 488–502, 2002. The article tries to establish the consequences and antecedents brought about by “principled objections” in relation to affirmative actions as advocated for by the whites. The article also examines the manner in which education is likely to influence the relationship existing between principled objections and dominance-related concerns, and in this case the concept of racism. The article further states that low level of education is likely to contribute to racism in the sense …show more content…
The information was first published in 2002 and it has remained relevant and resourceful throughout the years. In looking at Relevance, the audience of this information is whites who still practice racism. The article tries to answer the relationship between racism and an individual’s level of education (Federico, Christopher & James Sidanius, 112). In relation to Authority, the authors of the information are Federico, Christopher M., and James Sidanius. Based on Accuracy and Purpose, the information presented is accurate and has the purpose of presenting the concerns of racism respectively.
American Psychological Association (2011). Perceived racism may impact black Americans’ mental health. The article states that the black American adults believe that racism can cause mental health symptoms and consequently lead to some physical health disparities. The article focuses more on black Americans because this section of the population has often reported more cases of racism than other racial minority groups. The article states that the psychological responses to racism by black Americans is similar to frequent responses to trauma, like somatization (American Psychological Association, 2011). This implies that the individuals experiencing more stressful racism have a higher likelihood of reporting …show more content…
& Kathryn T. (n.d). Critical Philosophy of Race. Retrieved from http://www.psupress.org/Journals/jnls_cpr.html This journal seeks to provide a pluralistic forum for the scholarly work from a broad range of perspectives. This commitment to breadth and pluralism implies that the journal promotes the use of a wide variety of tools and methods to study race, racialization, and racism (Robert & Kathryn, 46). This journal seeks to philosophically examine the issues raised by the idea of race, the mechanisms and practices of racialization, and the perspectives of various types of racism across the world.
Harper, S. R. Race without racism: How higher education researchers minimize racist institutional norms. The Review of Higher Education, 36(1), 2012. 9-29 The article presents examples of how researchers at the higher education levels conduct studies on racial climates; racial differences, outcomes and attainment. It also examines the experimental realities of the faculty members, students, and administrators of color on white campuses without explicitly taking racism into consideration or associating quantified racial inequalities to the racist institutional practices (Harper,