WORKS CITED
Kate Meals, Nurturing the Seeds of Food Justice: “Unearthing the Impact of Institutionalized Racism on Access to Healthy Food in Urban African-American Communities”, 15 Scholar: St. Mary 's Law Review on Race and Social Justice 97 (2012) (266 Footnotes)
This source was written by Kate Meals to bring awareness to a damaged and flawed food system. It recognizes food as more than just nourishment to our bodies but as a major factor of our livelihood as individuals. She highlights that the reason for society’s unbalanced and unequal access to healthy foods is because of corporate interests. She points out the urban areas in many countries in addition to the U.S that are becoming concentrated zones of hunger and malnutrition. She supports her ideas with the fact that thirty million people in the U.S are unable to buy sufficient food to maintain good health. This article supports the thesis of this paper by stating that African-American youth are exposed to 50 percent more fast food advertising then their white peers. This source supports the ideology of segregation in food markets.
Morland, K. and Filomena, S. (2007) ‘Disparities in the availability of fruits and vegetables between racially segregated urban neighborhoods’, Public Health Nutrition, 10(12), pp. 1481–1489. doi: 10.1017/S1368980007000079. Kimberly Morland and Susan Filomena conducted a comprehensive cross-sectional study of 50% of supermarkets groceries, delicatessens and fruit and vegetable markets in specific urban neighborhoods in Brooklyn, NY. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the availability of fruits and vegetables amongst neighborhoods that are racially segregated. There were found to be no supermarkets located in predominantly black areas. There were 20 different types of fresh fruits and 19 different types of fresh vegetables studied as well as their varieties. The findings of this study were that the availability and variety of fresh produced was heavily associated with the racial makeup of the area. In Caucasian neighborhoods 76% of supermarkets carried 75-100% of fruits and vegetables surveyed as opposed to 51% found in racially mixed neighborhoods. This source supports the ideology of segregation not only in the access to supermarkets but the type of products that are made available to minorities as opposed to Caucasians. Bell, Judith et al. “Access to Healthy Food and Why It Matters: A Review of the Research.” 2013, www.hungerfreecommunities.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/food-trust_access-to-healthy-food.pdf. In this article Judith Bell, Gabriella Mora, Erin Hagan, Victor Rubin, and Allison Karpyn conducted a review on research on the lack of healthy food to communities of color. The report represents a current state of the research on food access. The research found in this article indicates that the poor access to healthy food amongst many communities directly correlates with poor nutrition. This research indicates that the main contributors to lack of food access are food desserts, lack of transportation, school access, in addition to many other factors. The article also expresses the solutions that leaders in many communities have been crafting to close this “grocery gap”. This source is relevant because it is a review of hundreds of bodies of research and a thorough analysis of the findings. Dunn et al.: Socio-economic status, racial composition and the affordability of fresh fruits and vegetables in neighborhoods of a large rural region in Texas. Nutrition Journal 2011 10:6. Richard Dunn conducted a study on racial composition and the affordability of fresh fruits and vegetables in rural areas of Texas. In this article he examines how the cost of fresh fruit and vegetables vary with the economic and demographic characteristics in six rural counties in Texas. The results of this research where that many of the communities studied lived in socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods. …show more content…
Food desserts are defined as typically low income areas where individuals have to travel twice as far to get to the nearest supermarket as their wealthier counterparts. This report identifies race and income as to factors immediately associated with the location of food outlets and the selection of food available. The data concluded that those who lived in mixed lower income communities were less likely to have healthy food options available. They concluded that there is a growing and incomplete body of research associated with food insecurity and obesity .This source is relevant to my paper in reiterating the relation with race and food
Kate Meals, Nurturing the Seeds of Food Justice: “Unearthing the Impact of Institutionalized Racism on Access to Healthy Food in Urban African-American Communities”, 15 Scholar: St. Mary 's Law Review on Race and Social Justice 97 (2012) (266 Footnotes)
This source was written by Kate Meals to bring awareness to a damaged and flawed food system. It recognizes food as more than just nourishment to our bodies but as a major factor of our livelihood as individuals. She highlights that the reason for society’s unbalanced and unequal access to healthy foods is because of corporate interests. She points out the urban areas in many countries in addition to the U.S that are becoming concentrated zones of hunger and malnutrition. She supports her ideas with the fact that thirty million people in the U.S are unable to buy sufficient food to maintain good health. This article supports the thesis of this paper by stating that African-American youth are exposed to 50 percent more fast food advertising then their white peers. This source supports the ideology of segregation in food markets.
Morland, K. and Filomena, S. (2007) ‘Disparities in the availability of fruits and vegetables between racially segregated urban neighborhoods’, Public Health Nutrition, 10(12), pp. 1481–1489. doi: 10.1017/S1368980007000079. Kimberly Morland and Susan Filomena conducted a comprehensive cross-sectional study of 50% of supermarkets groceries, delicatessens and fruit and vegetable markets in specific urban neighborhoods in Brooklyn, NY. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the availability of fruits and vegetables amongst neighborhoods that are racially segregated. There were found to be no supermarkets located in predominantly black areas. There were 20 different types of fresh fruits and 19 different types of fresh vegetables studied as well as their varieties. The findings of this study were that the availability and variety of fresh produced was heavily associated with the racial makeup of the area. In Caucasian neighborhoods 76% of supermarkets carried 75-100% of fruits and vegetables surveyed as opposed to 51% found in racially mixed neighborhoods. This source supports the ideology of segregation not only in the access to supermarkets but the type of products that are made available to minorities as opposed to Caucasians. Bell, Judith et al. “Access to Healthy Food and Why It Matters: A Review of the Research.” 2013, www.hungerfreecommunities.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/food-trust_access-to-healthy-food.pdf. In this article Judith Bell, Gabriella Mora, Erin Hagan, Victor Rubin, and Allison Karpyn conducted a review on research on the lack of healthy food to communities of color. The report represents a current state of the research on food access. The research found in this article indicates that the poor access to healthy food amongst many communities directly correlates with poor nutrition. This research indicates that the main contributors to lack of food access are food desserts, lack of transportation, school access, in addition to many other factors. The article also expresses the solutions that leaders in many communities have been crafting to close this “grocery gap”. This source is relevant because it is a review of hundreds of bodies of research and a thorough analysis of the findings. Dunn et al.: Socio-economic status, racial composition and the affordability of fresh fruits and vegetables in neighborhoods of a large rural region in Texas. Nutrition Journal 2011 10:6. Richard Dunn conducted a study on racial composition and the affordability of fresh fruits and vegetables in rural areas of Texas. In this article he examines how the cost of fresh fruit and vegetables vary with the economic and demographic characteristics in six rural counties in Texas. The results of this research where that many of the communities studied lived in socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods. …show more content…
Food desserts are defined as typically low income areas where individuals have to travel twice as far to get to the nearest supermarket as their wealthier counterparts. This report identifies race and income as to factors immediately associated with the location of food outlets and the selection of food available. The data concluded that those who lived in mixed lower income communities were less likely to have healthy food options available. They concluded that there is a growing and incomplete body of research associated with food insecurity and obesity .This source is relevant to my paper in reiterating the relation with race and food