1. Describe the structure of an atom, including the subatomic particles, their charges, and their location.
An atom is made up of subatomic particles called protons, neutrons, and electrons. The protons carry a positive charge found in the nucleus; neutrons carry no electrical charge and are also found in the nucleus. Electrons carry a negative charge and orbit around the nucleus.
2. Name five characteristics of water and relate them to the structure of water.
Water has a high heat capacity
Water has a high heat of vaporization
Water is a solvent
Water molecules are cohesive and adhesive
Water has a high surface tension
3. Define an acid and base; describe the pH scale and state the significance of buffers.
Acid are molecules tending to …show more content…
The pH scale ranges from 0-14, it measures how acidic or basic a substance is. A pH below 7 is considered acidic such as lemon juice or soda, if the pH level is above 7 the substance is basic such as egg whites or baking soda. A substance is considered neutral when it has a pH of 7, such as water. Buffers keep pH levels within normal limits, for example it keeps acidic or basic foods from changing the pH of the digestive system.
4. Define a molecule and a compound. Compare and contrast ionic and covalent bonds.
Molecule is the smallest unit of an element or compound, made up of two or more atoms held together by strong chemical bond.
Compound is a molecule made up of atoms of two or more elements bonded together.
The difference between ionic bonds and covalent bonds are their shape, their state of matter at room temperature, and their melting point. Ionic bonds have no definite shape compared to covalent bonds which has a definite shape. At room temperature ionic bonds are solid, and covalent bonds are liquid or gas. Ionic bonds have a high melting point and covalent bonds have a low melting …show more content…
Polysaccharides
Starch is turned into glucose to store energy in humans and plants
Glycogen stores energy in the human body
Cellulose is made up plants and is a source of fiber for humans 7. What is the difference in structural formula between a saturated and an unsaturated fatty acid?
A saturated fatty acid is solid at room temperature and an unsaturated fatty acid is liquid at room temperature. Saturated fatty acid has no double covalent bonds and unsaturated fatty acid has 1 or more double bonds between carbon atoms
8. Give examples of proteins and state their functions.
Enzymatic proteins accelerate metabolic process in cells.
Storage proteins stores mineral ions such as potassium in the body.
Contractile proteins regulate the strength and speed of the heart and muscle contractions.
9. What are the differences between a DNA and an RNA
An atom is made up of subatomic particles called protons, neutrons, and electrons. The protons carry a positive charge found in the nucleus; neutrons carry no electrical charge and are also found in the nucleus. Electrons carry a negative charge and orbit around the nucleus.
2. Name five characteristics of water and relate them to the structure of water.
Water has a high heat capacity
Water has a high heat of vaporization
Water is a solvent
Water molecules are cohesive and adhesive
Water has a high surface tension
3. Define an acid and base; describe the pH scale and state the significance of buffers.
Acid are molecules tending to …show more content…
The pH scale ranges from 0-14, it measures how acidic or basic a substance is. A pH below 7 is considered acidic such as lemon juice or soda, if the pH level is above 7 the substance is basic such as egg whites or baking soda. A substance is considered neutral when it has a pH of 7, such as water. Buffers keep pH levels within normal limits, for example it keeps acidic or basic foods from changing the pH of the digestive system.
4. Define a molecule and a compound. Compare and contrast ionic and covalent bonds.
Molecule is the smallest unit of an element or compound, made up of two or more atoms held together by strong chemical bond.
Compound is a molecule made up of atoms of two or more elements bonded together.
The difference between ionic bonds and covalent bonds are their shape, their state of matter at room temperature, and their melting point. Ionic bonds have no definite shape compared to covalent bonds which has a definite shape. At room temperature ionic bonds are solid, and covalent bonds are liquid or gas. Ionic bonds have a high melting point and covalent bonds have a low melting …show more content…
Polysaccharides
Starch is turned into glucose to store energy in humans and plants
Glycogen stores energy in the human body
Cellulose is made up plants and is a source of fiber for humans 7. What is the difference in structural formula between a saturated and an unsaturated fatty acid?
A saturated fatty acid is solid at room temperature and an unsaturated fatty acid is liquid at room temperature. Saturated fatty acid has no double covalent bonds and unsaturated fatty acid has 1 or more double bonds between carbon atoms
8. Give examples of proteins and state their functions.
Enzymatic proteins accelerate metabolic process in cells.
Storage proteins stores mineral ions such as potassium in the body.
Contractile proteins regulate the strength and speed of the heart and muscle contractions.
9. What are the differences between a DNA and an RNA